Talk:Book - Introduction to Vertebrate Embryology 1935

A

Abbé camera lucida, 355, *356

abdominal cavity, *198

abducens nerve, *256, *257, 266

aberration, see chromosomal aberration

accessory nerve, *256, *257, 258

acoustic, see also auditory, otic

—+ ganglion, 257, *319

— nerve, *256, *257, *291

acrosome, 34, *35, 54

Adamstone, 176

adnexa, 126, *139, *141, *147, *148; see also extra-embryonic appendages

adrenal gland, *206, *213, 214

adrenalin, see epinephrin

after-birth, 146, 151

agglutination, 53

air chamber, *40

albumen, 38, *39, *40, *100

— sac, *139, 142, 143

alimentary canal, sec digestive tube

allantoic artery, 142, *219, *227

— blood vessels, 146

— stalk, 145, 192

— vein, 142, *222, *227, *313

allantois, 42, 140, 142, 146, 147, 187

—in chick, 21, 142, *148, *190, *311,

• 314

— in mainmals, 143, 145 ff

— in maa, 25, *141, *147

— in pig, *145, *325

allelomorph, 73 ff

Ambystoma, 158, 175, *176, 253, *254, 331,

amitosis} 60

amniocaréjac vesicle, 138, *295

amnion, 42, 137, *138

— in io *141

— in ckiclh 21, 137, *139, *143, *304 7

amnion, in dog, *146

— in man, 25, 140, *141, *148

— in marsupials, *145

— in pig, *145

— in rat, *137

amniotic fluid, 137

— folds, *141, 142, *303

— raphe, 137, *3808, *314

amphioxus, life history, 12 ff, *14

amplexus, 52

ampulla, 267, *268

anaphase, *61, 62, *66

anestrum, 210

anilin blue, 346

animal pole, see pole

anterior cardinal vein, 216, *217, 222,

• 223

— — — in chick, *227, *3805, *312

— — — in pig, *320, 321, 327

— caval vein, see precaval

~~ chamber (of eye), *266

antipole, see pole

anus, 198

aortic arch, 216, *217, *219, *220

— in frog, *284

— — in chick, *305, *311, *312

——~ — in pig, *318, *320, *327

— roots, 219

appendages (of body), 129

appendicular muscles, *238, *240

— skeleton, *235, 236

appendix testis, *209, 213

aqueduct, see mesocoel

aqueous humor (of eye), 266

archencephalon, 250, *251

archenteron, see gastrocoel

arcualia, *230

area opaca, 105, 112, 122, *123

— pellucida, 105, 122, *123, *295

375

376

area vasculosa, 122, *123, 135, 136, *143,

• 295

— — of allantois, 142

— vitellina, *123, 126

Aristotle, 3

arteries, *217, *219, *225, *227, *228

articular bone, *234, 269

artificial parthenogenesis, 7, 56, 154, 157

Ascaris, 43

assortment (of genes), 75, *77

aster, *61, 62

Astylosternus, 183

asymmetry, 157

atriopore, 132, 157

atrium, 218

— in frog, *284, *291

— in chick, *303, *307, *309, *811, *312

— in pig, *318, *3820, *322, *323, *327

attachment-region (of chromosome), *61, 62

attraction (of sperm), 52

auditory, see also acoustic, otic

— ossicles, *268, 269

— tube, 184, *263, *268, 269

auricle, see atrium

autonomic ganglia, 254, *255

— nerves, 254, *255

autoplastic, see homoplastic

autosome, 69, 87

auxocyte, see cyte

axial filament, *35

— mesoderm, *120, *297

— muscles, 239

— skeleton, 230

axolotl, 175, *176

axon, 248

azygous vein, *223, 228

B

back-cross, 78, *79, *80

Balfour, 90, 98

basalia, 235

basilar artery, *219, 221, *319, +327 — chamber, 269

— plate, 232

beak, 189, 247

Bell, 258

Bellamy, 38, 157

INDEX

Bijtel, 132

bilaterality, 157

biogenetic law, see recapitulation theory

bisexual reproduction, 31

bladder, muscles, 241

blastocoel, *101, ff

— jelly, 108

blastocyst, *101, 102, *106

blastodise, 98

blastomere, 89

blastopore, 106, *109, 113, 115, *117, 121 ,

blastula, 89, *101, *102, *104

— in amphioxus, 13, *102

— in chick, 20, *105

— in frog, 16, *103, *104

— in mammals, *106

— in man, 23

— in rabbit, *106

blood corpuscles, *215

— forming centers, 215

— island, *214, 215, *297, *305

— plasma, 214

— vessels, 215, 216, *217 ff

body form, 126, *127

— — in frog, *128, 129, *130

— — in chick, 22, 132, *133

— — in man, 25, *134

— stalk, *141, 144, 147

Bombinator, *169

bone, 34, 229

— marrow, 215

borax carmine, 337

Bouin’s fluid, 334

Boyden, 317

Brachet, 6, 260

brachial plexus, 250

brain, 250, *251, *256, *295, *297

— stem, 252

branchial, see also visceral

— arches, 131, 233

— artery, 226

branchiomeric metamerism, 258

Branchiostoma, see amphioxus

Born, 156

Bowman’s capsule, *202

Bridges, 88

bronchi, 184, 190, *192, *312

bulbus arteriosus, 218, *303, *307, *312,

• 320

INDEX 377

Cc

calcium-free seawater, 158, 174 Carothers, 62

carotid arteries, *217, *219, 222, *319 — gland, 188

carpalia, *235, 236

cartilage, 34, 229

— bones, 229, *234

caudal artery, *217, *219, *326 — vein, 223

eaul, 151

cecum, 191

cell, 31, *32

— division, 60, *61

—— lineage, 92, *93, 158

— vacuoles, *32

— wall, *382, 34

celloidin, 343

cellular embryology, 5 centrifuge, 157, 171

centriole, see centrosome centrosome, *32, 33, 35, 48, 54, 62 cephalic flexure, 132, 134, 138 cerebellum, 252

cerebrospinal ganglia, 254 cerebrum, 250

cervical flexure, 129, 134, 189 — sinus, 317

chalazae, *39, *40

chemical embryology, 7 chemicals affecting development, 173 chemo-differentiation, 163, 168 chemotaxis, 52

chick, life history, 19, *22

— 15 hours, *121

— 20 hours, *121

— 24 hours, 295 ff

— 25 hours, *133

— 33 hours, 298 ff

— 38 hours, *133

— 48 hours, 303 ff

— 68 hours, *133

— 72 hours, 309 ff

Child, 37, 157

chondrification, 229 chondriosomes, see mitochondria chondroblasts, 229 chondrocranium, *232

chorda dorsalis, see notochord

INDEX

References to figures have an asterisk (*) prefixed to the page number:

Compound terms are indexed under the first word, e.g., dorsal aorta not aorta,. dorsal. Synonyms are distinguished by italics and referred to the terms employed by the author. See also the Glossary.

chorda-mesoderm, 18, 89, 106, 111, 114, 115; see also middle germ layer

chorda-neural crescent, 116

— plate, *109

chorio-allantois, *139, 143

chorion of amniota, 137, *138

— of anamniota, *38

— of chick, 21, *139, *304 ff, *312 ff

— of man, *141, *148, 149

choroid fissure, 264, *309

— layer (of eye), 264, *266

— plexus (of brain), 252

chromaffin cells, 256

chromatids, 64, *66

chromatin, *32

— diminution, 43, *45

chromatophores, 246, *293

chromidia, 33

chromomeres, 32

chromonemata, 60, *61, *66

chromosomal aberrations, *85, 86

chromosome maps, 81, *82

chromosomes, 60, *61, *66, *68, 158

— of amphioxus, 71

— of chick, *72

— of frog, 71, *72

— of man, *72

clavicle, 236

claw, *245, 247

cleavage, 91 ff, *92, 158 ff

— of amphioxus, 13, 95, *96, 158

— of bat, *100

— of chick, 20, 98, *99

— of frog, 16, *97, *98, 159

— of mammals, 99, *100

— of man, 23

— of monkey, *100

— of newt, *160

— of Triton, 161

cleidoic egg, 42, 142

clitoris, 211

cloaca, 187

— of chick, *190, 191, *311

— of frog, *276, *277, *281, *288

— of man, 192

— of pig, *192, *318

cloacal plate, 187

closing plate, 183

cochlea, 267, *268

cochlear nerve, 267 378

coeliac artery, *219

coelom, *120, 121, 128, 195

— of chick, 198, *302, *307, *308, *313,

• 314

— of frog, *198

— of man, 199

— of pig, *324, *326

Coghill, 253

collecting tubules, *202, *203

collection of embryos, 331

columella (of ear), 233, 269, *270

common bile duct, 186

— cardinal vein, 216, *217, *223

— — — of chick, *307, *312

— — — of pig, *322

communicating ramus, *254, 254

comparative embryology, 4

concrescence, *108, 109, 111, 121, *127

conjunctiva (of eye), 265

Conklin, 37, 56, 94, 97, 102, 108, 116, 157, 159, 163, 338

connective tissue, 229

coprodeum (of chick), 191

coracoid bone, *235, 236

corium, see dermis

cornea (of eye), 265, *266

corneum (of skin), 245

corona radiata, *41, 207

coronary sinus, *223

corpora bigemina, 252

— quadrigemina, 252, 261

corpus luteum, 207

cortin, 213

cranial, see also cerebral

— flexure, 250

— muscles, *239, *240, 260

— nerves, 233, *240, *256, *257, *319,

• 320

— skeleton, see skull

criss-cross inheritance, see sex-linked inheritance

crop (of chick), 190

crossing-over (between chromosomes), 78, *80, *81

crypts (of uterine wall), 146

cumulus oéphorus, *207

cutaneous artery, 226

cutis, see dermis

Cynthia, see Styela

• cytes, *47, see also odcyte, spermatocyte

INDEX

cytokinesis, 60, *61, 62 cytology, 5

cytoplasm, 32, 156 cytosome, *32, 33

Dareste, 172

de Beer, 8

deciduae, *148

deciduate placenta, 146 ff

deferent duct, 208, *209

deficiency (of chromosomes), 85

Delafield’s hematoxylin, 337

delamination, *107

deletion (of chromosomes), 85

demibranch, 132, 184; see also internal gill

dendrites, 248

Dentalium, 159, 163

dental papilla, *182

dentary bone, 235

dependent differentiation, 165

dermal muscles, 239

— skeleton, 230, *234, *235

dermatome, 196, *238, *314

dermis, *244

dermocranium, *234, *235

descending aorta, see dorsal aorta

determinate cleavage, *159

deutencephalon, 250, *251; see also epichordal brain

deutoplasm, 34; see also yolk

diacoel, 252

diaphragm, *198, 199, 239

dictyosomes, see Golgi bodies

Didelphys, 144

diencephalon, 250, *251

—of chick, *304, *305,

• 312

— of frog, *290, *293

— of pig, *316, *318, *320

diestrum, 210

digestive tube, 127, 182 ff

diploid number (of chromosomes), 67

dipnoi, 263

discoblastula, *101

disjunction (division), 67, see also reduction

displacements in gastrulation, *119

dominance, 73, 89

• 309, *311,

INDEX

dorsal aorta, 216, *217, *219, *220

— — of chick, *302, *304 ff, *311 ff

— — of frog, *289

— — of pig, 318, *321 7

— lip, 107, *110, *112, *116 ff, 119 ff, 166, 169

double embedding, 344

— embryos, 162, *163

Drosophila, 72, *74 ff

ductus arteriosus, *220

— Botalli, see ductus arteriosus

— choledochus, see common bile duct

— Cuviert, see common cardinal vein

— venosus, *222, *318, *323, *327

duodenum, 186, *313, *318

duplicate monsters, 163, 171

duplication (of chromosomes), 85

dura mater, 250, 264

Duval, 122, 294

dyads, *65, *66, *67

E ear, 250, 261, 267, *268 — of chick, 270 — of frog, 269, *270, *288, *293 — of man, *268, 271 — of pig, *316, *318 ectoblast, see ectoderm ectoderm, 91, 106 ff ectodermal derivatives, 116, 244 — — of chick, 247, 261, 270, 298, 301, 308, 315 — — of frog, 246, 260, 269, 277, 282, 292 — — of man, 247, 261, 271 — — of pig, 326 ecto-mesoderm, 115 Edwards, 162 effectors, 248 efferent ductules (of testis), 206 egg, *36 ff, 41 f — albumen, 38 — — solution, 343 — capsules, 38 — envelopes, 38 — jelly, 38, *57 — of amphioxus, *39 — of cat, *36 — of chick, *39, *40 — of frog, *39 — of man, *39, *41

379

egg of Myzine, *38

— shell, 38

— tooth, 189, 247

embryo as a whole, 9

— period of, 134

embryologists, 3 ff

embryology, 3 ff

embryonic disc, *106

— form, *126

— knob, *106, *113

enamel organ, *182

endocardium 218, *302

endoderm, 91, 106 ff

endodermal derivatives, 116, 181

—— — of chick, 188, *190, 296, 300, 306, 310

— — of frog, 187, *189, 276, 281, 287

— — of man, 191

— — of pig, 317

endolymphatic duct, 267, *268

endo-mesoderm, 115

enteric tube, see digestive tube

enterocoel, 117, *118, 128, 195

entoblast, see endoderm

entoderm, see endoderm

entypy, *137

enucleate eggs, 154

environment in embryology, 171

eosin, 346

eparterial bronchus, *192, *322

ependyma, *248, *253

epiblast, see ectoderm

epiboly, *107, 109, 112, 120

epibranchial placodes, 270

epicardium, 218

epichordal brain, 232, 250; deutencephalon

epidermis, 120, *244, *296 ff

epididymis, 208, *209, 212

epigastric artery, *219

epigenesis, 4

epi-myocardium, *302

epinephrin, 8, 213

epiphysis, 250, *276, *283, *309, *311

epithalamus, 251

epithelial bodies, *182, *183

eponychium, 247

epodphoron, 208, *209

equation division (of chromosomes), 67

erythrocytes, *215

see also 380

esophagus, *182, 184

— of chick, *190, *312

— of frog, *189, *292

— of man, 191

— of pig, *192, *316 ff

estrous cycle, 209

estrus, 210

ethmoid bones, *234

— plate, 232

Eustachian tube, see auditory tube

evagination, 12

excretory organs, see nephric organs

exocoel, 136, 142, 195, *139, *297, *301

exo-embryo, 174, *175

exogastrula, 174, *175

experimental embryology, 6, 153 ff

explantation, 165, *166

external auditory meatus, *268, 269

— carotid artery, *217, *219, *220

— — of chick, 132, *133, 295, 298, 303, 309

— — of frog, 129, *130, 275, 278, 287

— — of man, *134

— — of pig, 317

— genitalia, 210

— gills, 188, *281, *284, *286; see also demibranchs

extra-embryonic coelom, see exocoel

— structures, 126, *135 jf; see also adnexa

extra-uterine development, 26

eye, 250, 252, 261, 264, *265

— of chick, 270

— of frog, 269, *288, *290, *293

— of man, *266, 271

— of pig, *316

eyeball envelopes, 264, *266

— muscles, 239, 256, 266

F

F,, F., generations, 73

facial nerve, *256, *257, 267, 269 falciform ligament, *197, 199

false amnion, see chorion (of amniotes) feathers, *245, 247

female hormones, 207

femur, *235, 236

fenestra ovale, 267

— rotunda, 267

INDEX

fertilized egg, *55, *56, *57, *58, 153; see also zygote

fertilization, 50, 52, *53

— cone, *53

— membrane, *39, 53

— of amphioxus egg, 13, *56

—— of frog’s egg, 16, *57

— of guinea pig egg, *58

— of hen’s egg, 19, *58

— of human egg, 23, 58

fertilizin, 53

fetus, 26, *150

fibula, *235, 236

fixing fluid, 333

flexure, 132, 261

follicle (of ovary), 38, *50, *207

foods affecting development, 175

fore-brain, see prosencephalon

fore-gut, 122, 127, 136, *181

— of chick, *297, *299, *300, *802, *807

— of frog, *276 ff

fraternal twins, 163

free appendages, *235, 236

free-martin, 164

frog, 3 mm., 275 ff

—6mm., 278 ff

— 11 mm., 287 ff

— life history, 16, *17

frontal bone, *234, *235

fuchsin, 347

G

gall bladder, 186

--- of chick, *190

— of frog, *292

— of pig, *192, *324

gametes, 31

gamcetogenesis, 43, 44, 47 ganglia, 248, *253

—- of chick, *312

— of pig, *319

ganglion of Froriep, 258 Gartner’s canal, 208, *209 gastral mesoderm, 115 gastrocoel, 106, *110, 111, 114, 136 gastro-hepatic omentum, 199 gastrula, 89, *107

— of amphioxus, 13, 108, *109 — of bat, *113

— of chick, 20, 111, *112 INDEX

gastrula of frog, 16, *109, *110

— of man, 23, 113, *114

— of pigeon, 111, *118

— of urodeles, 119

gastrulation, see gastrula

genes, 6, 60, 72, 154, 158

genetics, 5

genic balance, 88

geniculate ganglion, 257

genital artery, 221

— ducts, 187, 208

— organs, 205 ff

— ridge, 205, *206, 212

— tubercle, *211

genotype, 75

germ, 3, 31

— cells, 31 ff, 43

— layers, 106 ff, 115, 165

— — of amphioxus, 15, 108 ff, 116 ff

— — of chick, 21, 111 ff, 121 ff

— — of frog, 18, 109 ff, 118 ff

— — of man, 25, 113 ff, 122 f

— wall, 121, *123

germinal disc, 40

germinativum (of skin), *244

girdles (of skeleton), *235, *240

gizzard (of chick), 190

gland (of skin), *246 .

glomerulus, 200, *201, *323, *824, *326

glossopharyngeal nerve, *256, 258, 267, 269

glottis, 184

Golgi bodies, *32, 33, 48, *63

gonads, 46, 205, *206

gone, 47

• gonia, 46, 206; sce also odgonia, spermatogonia

gonoducts, see germinal ducts

gonomery, *156

Graaffian follicle, see vesicular follicle

gradient, 37, 157, 158

gravity, 171

gray crescent, 55, *57, 58, *98, 103, 109, 157, 159, 163

Gudernatsch, 175

gynandromorph, *88

H Haeckel, 6 hair, *245

381

haploid larva, *155

— number (of chromosomes), 67

Harrison, 165

Harvey, 4

hatching of amphioxus, 15

of chick, 23

— of frog, 18

head, 129

— fold, 122, 132, 134, *295

— — of amnion, 138, *299, *300

Headland, 357

heart, 216, *217, *218

muscle, 238, 241

— of chick, 266, *299, *300, *304

— of frog, 224, *281, *283, *288

— of man, 227

— of pig, *316, *318

heat, 172

JTeidenhain’s hematoxylin, 346

hemiazygous vein, 229

hemipenis, 211

hemiplacenta, 144, *145

hemoblast, *215

Hensen’s node (or knot), see primitive node

hepatic-portal veins, *222, *324, *825

— veins, *222, 224

Herbst, 158, 173

hermaphrodite, 31

Hertwig, 90, 154, 156, 172

heteroplastic transplantation, 165, *166

heterotypic division, see meiosis

heterozygous, 73

hind-brain, see rhombencephalon

hind-gut, 127, 136, 142, *181

— of chick, *288, *314

— of frog, *276, *277, *280, *281

His, 6, 357

Hisaw, 207

holoblastic cleavage, *90

Holtfreter, 174, 183

homolecithal, see isolecithal

homoplastic transplantation, 165, *166

homozygous, 73

hoof, *245

hormones in development, 176

horn, 245

humerus, *235, 236

Huxley, 163

— and de Beer, 157 382

hyaloplasm, 33

hybrid vigor, 156

hymen, 213

hyoid arch, 131, 233, 269 — cartilage, 233 hyomandibular bone, 269 — cartilage, 233

— pouch, 131

hypoblast, see endoderm hypochord, 119, 276, *279 hypoglossal nerve, *256, 258 hypophysis, *181, 252

— of chick, *305

— of frog, 187, *277, *278 — of pig, *192, *320 hypothalamus, 251

I

identical twins, 163

idiosome, *47, 48, 50

ileum, *235, 236

iliac artery, *219

implantation, 25, *114, 140, 210

incubation, 21, 332

incus, 234, *268, 269

indeciduate placenta, 144

indeterminate cleavage, *159

infundibulum (of brain), *181, 252, *283

• 289, *311, *320

inheritance of acquired characters, 46

inner ear, 267, *268

— zone (of area opaca, q.v.)

insulin, 187

integument, *244 ff

intermediate mesoderm, *120, *297, *302; see also nephrotome

internal carotid artery, *217, *219, *319,

• 327

— gills, 183, 188, *288, *291; see also demibranch

interplantation, 165, *166

interrenal gland, *213, 214

— vein, 223

intersegmental artery, *219, *220

intersexes, *87

interstitial cells (of testis), 206

intestinal portal, 122, *295, *300

intestine, 186

— of chick, *190

INDEX

intestine of frog, *288, *289, *292, *293 — of pig, *324, *825 invagination, 12, *107, 108, 248 inversion (of chromosomes), *85 investing bones, 230

involution, *107, 108 ff, 112, 120 iris, *266

— muscles, 239

irradiation, 154, 173

ischium, *235, 236

isolecithal, 37, 90

isthmus of brain, *311

— of yolk, *123

J

Jacobson’s organ, 263, 270 jaws, 182

Jenkinson, 157, 173 Johannsen, 6

jugal bone, *234, *235 jugular ganglion, 258, *319 — vein, 223

K

Kaestner, 162

karyokinesis, 60, *61

karyolymph, 32, 60

karyoplasm, 32

karyosome, see chromatin

Kathariner, 156

Keibel, 294, 317

kidney, see pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros

L

labia majora, 211

— minora, 211

labio-scrotal folds, 211

lagena, 267; see also cochlea lanugo, 247

laryngeal cartilages, 233

larynx, 191

larva of amphioxus, 15

— of frog, 19, *130, 287 ff, *288 latebra, *40

lateral limiting sulci, 132, 147, *808, *314 — line organs, 256, 263, 266

— mesoderm, *120

laying (of hen’s egg), 21 INDEX

lens (of eye), 130, *266, *284, *290, *309, 320

— pit, 264, *265, *305

— placode, 264, *265

— vesicle, 264, *265, *303, *312

leucocyte, 216 ‘

life history, see also ontogeny

— — of amphioxus, 12, *14

—-— of chick, 19, *22

— — of frog, 16, *17

— — of man, 23, *24

ligaments, 229

ligation experiments, *155, *160, *161

light, 173

Lillie, 53, 165, 261, 294

limb buds, 135

— — of chick, *309, *314

— — of frog (tadpole), 132

— — of pig, *316, *322, *323, *326

linkage, 78, *79

liver, *182, 186, 222

— of chick, *190, *307, *313

— of frog, 188, *189, *276 ff

— of pig, *192, *316, *318, *323, *324,

• 327

Loeb, 7, 56, 154

lung, *182, 184, *190

— bud, *318, *323

lymph space in frog, *291

lymphatic system, 224, *225

M

macrolecithal eggs, 37

macromeres, 96, *103, 108

male hormone, 206

malleus, 234, *268, 269

Malpighi, 4

mammary gland, 246

mammillary part (of hypothalamus), 252

man, life history, 23, *24

mandibular arch, 131, 182, 216, 233, 269

Mangold, 162

mantle layer (of spinal cord), 248, *253

margin of overgrowth (of area opaca), 112, *123, 248, *253

Marshall, 210

matrix (of chromosome), 61

maturation divisions, 47, *50; see also meiosis

maxilla, *234, *235

383

maxiNary ridge, 182

meatus venosus, 226, *307, *313

meckelian cartilage, 233

mediastinum, 198

medicine, 9

medulla oblongata, see myelencephalon

medullary, see neural

— sheath, 248

megalecithal, see macrolecithal

megaloblast, *205

metocyte, see ’cyte, odcyte, spermatocyte

meiosis, 64, *65, *66 ff; see also maturation divisions

melanin, 57, 246, 264

membrane bones, 229

membranous labyrinth (of ear), 267

Mendel, 5, 73, 75, 78

meninges, 250

menstruation, 210

meroblastic cleavage, *90, *172

merogony, *155

mesencephalon, 250, *251

— of chick, *299 ff, *309 ff

— of frog, *276, *277, *281, *283

— of pig, *319

mesenchyme, 114, 229, *296

mesendoderm, 107, 115

mesenteric artery, *219

— vein, 222

mesenteries, 196, *197 ff, *313

mesentoderm, see mesendoderm

mesoblast, see mesoderm, middle germ layer

mesocardia, 196, *197, 218, *302, *3807

mesocoel, 252

mesoderm, 89, *102, 106, 114 ff; see also middle germ layer

mesodermal crescent, *55, 116

— derivatives, 116, 195 ff

—— of chick, 199, 204, 212, 214, 226, 237, 296, 300, 306, 313

— — of frog, 198, 204, 212, 214, 224, 237, 276, 282, 290

— — of man, 199, 205, 212, 214, 227, 237

— — of pig, 320

mesoduodenum, 196

mesogastrium, 196

mesohepar, 196, *197

mesonephric duct, 201, 208; see also Wolffian duct 384

mesonephros, *200, *202, 233

— of chick, 204, *308, *311, *314

— of frog, 204

— of man, 205

— of pig, *316, *318, *323 ff, *814, *324

mesophase, see metaphase

mesorchium, 206

mesovarium, 206

metabolic nucleus, 60

metacarpals, *235, 236

metacoel, 252

metamerism, 128

— of head, 260

— of nervous system, 258

metamorphosis of Ambystoma, 175, *176

— of amphioxus, 15

— of frog, 19

— of spermatid, see transformation

metanephric duct, 203, *326

metanephros, *200, 202, *203 ff

— of pig, *192, *318

metaphase, *61, 62, *66

metaplasm, 34

metatarsals, *235, 236

metencephalon, *251, 252

— of chick, *304, *305, *3809, *311

— of pig, *3816, *318

metestrum, 210

methods of cleavage, 90

micro-dissection, 165

microlecithal eggs, 37

micromeres, 96, *103

micrometry, 353

micron (u), 353

micropyle, *38

microscope, 4, 350, *351

mid-brain, see mesencephalon

middle ear, 267, *268

middle germ layer, 91, 106, 114 ff; see also chorda-mesoderm, mesoderm

— — — of amphioxus, *116, *117, *118

— — — of chick, *121

— — — of frog, 118, *120

— — — of man, 122

mid-gut, 122, 127, 136, *181

— of chick, *297, *302, *308, *314

— of frog, *276 ff, *283 ff

milk ridge, 247, 317

Miller’s ovum, 25, *114, 122

Milnes-Marshall, 42

INDEX

Minot, 317

mitochondria, *32, 33, 48, 54, 55, *63

mitosis, 60, *61, *65

Moenkhaus, 156

monoploid number (of chromosomes), see haploid :

monovular twins, 163

Morgan, 6, 81, 103, 156, 173

morula, 23, 101, 106

mosaic, 158, *159, 168

motor-oculi nerve, see oculomotor

mouth, 129, 182, *288

mucous gland, see sucker

Miiller, 88, 173

Miillerian duct, 208; sce also oviduct

muscles, 238 ff, 269

— in tail of frog, *286, *289, *293

mutation (of genes), 89

myelencephalon, *251, 252

— of chick, *3804, *309, *311, *312

— of frog, *291

— of pig, *316, *319

myelocoel, 253

myocardium, 218

myocoel, 195

myotome, *238

— of chick, *314

— of frog, *281

— of pig, *321

N nail, *245 nares, 263 nasal, see also olfactory — bone, *234, *235 — cavity, 263 — pit, 130, 263 — — of chick, *309, *312 — — of frog, *288, *293 — — of pig, *821, *327 — placode, 263 nebenkern, see paranucleus neck, 129 Necturus, 183, *240 Needham, 7, 27, 37, 41, 137, 142 neonychium, 247 neoteny, 175, *176 nephric ducts, 187, 200 — organs, 199 ff nephridia, 199 INDEX

nephrocoel, 195, 200

nephrostome, 200, *201, 208

nephrotome, 200

nerve fibers, *254

nerves, 253 ff

nervous system, 247 ff

neural crest, 248, 254, *302

— folds, 134, *297

— groove, 134, *295, *297

— plate, 120, 122, *248

— tube, 128, 248

— — of chick, *296, *298, *303

— — of frog, *276, *277, *279, *292

neurenteric canal, *181, 188, *276, *277

neuroblasts, 248

neurocoel, 250

neurocranium, 232

neuromeres, 260

neurons, 248, *249, *253, *254, *257, 259

neuropore, *295, *299

neurula, 18, 121, *168

nictitating membrane, 270

nodosum ganglion, 258, *320

non-disjunction (of chromosomes), *85,

• 86, 87

normal saline solution, 335

normoblast, *205

nose, 250, 261, *262, *263

notochord, 89, 106, 114, 122

— of chick, *295, *297, *299 ff

— of frog, *276, *279, *283 ff

— of pig, *318-*327

nuclear membrane, 60

— sap, see karyolymph

nucleolus, *32, 60

nucleoplasm, see karyoplasm

nucleus, *32 ff

— of brain, 252

— of Pander, see latebra

— pulposus, 231

nurse cells, 52

O

occipital bones, *234 oculomotor nerve, *256, 266 oesophagus, see esophagus oestrus, see estrus Okkelberg, 54

olfactory, see also nasal

— capsule, 233

385

olfactory lobe, 250, 263

— nerve, *256

oligolecithal, see microlecithal

omentum, *197

omphalomesenteric, see vitelline

ontogeny, 3

oécyte, 47, *51

odgenesis, 43, 44, 47, 49

oégonium, 46, *51, 207

oétid, 48

openings of body, 244

opercular cavity, *291, *292

operculum, 184, 188

ophthalmic, see optic

Oppel’s stain, 347

optic capsule, 233

— chiasma, 256, *318

— cup, 264, *265, *281, *284, *303 ff, *320

— lobes, see corpora bigemina, corpora quadrigemina

— nerve, *256

— part of hypothalamus, 252

— placode, 248, 250, 264, *265

— recess (of pig), 326

— stalk, 264, *265, *280, +284

— vesicle, *128, 129, 264, *265, *276,

• 278, *299, *301

oral cavity, 182

— gland, see sucker

— plate, 182

organ fields, *168

— -forming substances, 163, *164

organization, problems of, 154 ff, 156 ff, 158 ff, 165 ff

organizer, 169, *170, 171

organogenesis, see organogeny

organogeny, 181 ff

oro-nasal groove, *262, 263

ossification, 229

osteoblasts, 229

ostium tubae, 208, *209

otic, see also acoustic, auditory

— bones, *234, 267

— capsule, 233, 267

— pit, 180, 267, *268, *305

— placode, 267, *268, *302

— vesicle, 267, *268

— — of chick, *303, *309, *312

— — of frog, *276, *279, *281, *284, *291

— — of pig, *319 386

otocyst, see otic vesicle

otoliths, 267

outer ear, 267, *268

ovary, *51, *206, 207

oviduct, 208, *209; see also Miillerian duct

oviparous, 51

ovulation, 50, 51, 207

ovum, see also egg, 43

— in ovo, 40

— period of, 134

P

P, generation, 73 palate, *263 palatine bone, *234, 235 pancreas, *182, 186 ff, *318 parachordal bar, 232 paradidymis, 208, *209 paraffin, 339 paranucleus, 48, *49 parasphenoid bone, *234, 235 parathyroids, *185, 188 ff paraurethral gland, 213 parietal bones, *234, *235 — recess, 199 paroéphoron, 208, *209 parthenogenesis, 151; see also artificial

parthenogenesis parturition, 151 Patten, 121, 294, 317 pecten, 270 pectoral girdle, *235 pelvic girdle, *235 penetration (by sperm), 53 penile urethra, 211 penis, 211 Perameles, 145 perforatorium, see acrosome periblast, *105 pericardial cavity, *197, *198, 218 — — of chick, *300, *312 — — of frog, *284 — — of pig, *323 perichondrium, 229 periderm, *244 perilymph, 267 periosteum, 229 peristomeal mesoderm, 115 peritoneal cavity, *197, *198

INDEX

peritoneo-pericardial canal, 198

peritoneum, 196

petrosal ganglion, 258

Pfliger, 156

phalanges, *235, 236

phallus, 193, *211

pharyngeal pouches, see visceral pouches

pharynx, 183

— of chick, *304, *312

— of frog, *284, *290

— of pig, *316, *318

phenotype, 75

phrenic nerve, 239

phylogeny, 6

pia mater, 250, 264

pig, 10 mm. embryo, 316-328

pigment, 34, 55

pineal gland, 250

pinna (of ear), 269

pituitary gland, 51, 233, 252; see also hypophysis

placenta, 142, 144, *149, *150

— of carnivores, *146, *149

— of marsupials, 144, *145

— of man, 25, 147, *149

— of ungulates, *145, *149

placoid scale, 182, *230

plasma membrane, *32, 33

plasmasome, see nucleolus

plasticity, 163, 165, 168

plastid, *32, 34

pleural cavity, *198

— groove, *314

plica semilunaris, 271

Plough, 89

pneumogastric nerve, see vagus

polar body, 13; see also polocyte

— furrow, 98

polarity, 37, 156, 171

pole, see polarity

polocyte, 47, *50, *56, *57

pons (of brain), 252

postanal gut, *181

postcardinal, see posterior cardinal vein

postcaval vein, *223, 224, 228, *318,

• 323, *324, *325

postcloacal gut, *187

posterior cardinal vein, 200, 216, *217

— — — of chick, *307, *308, *313

— — — of pig, *322, *323, *325 INDEX

posterior caval vein, see postcaval vein

— chamber (of eye), *266

precardinal, see anterior cardinal vein

precaval vein, *223

prechordal brain, 233, 250; archencephalon

precoracoid bone, *235, 236

preformation, 4

premaxilla, *234, *235

Prentiss, 317

preoral gut, *181, *318

preotic myotomes, *239

preserving embryos, 333

pressure experiments, *162

presumptive organ regions,

• 102, *104

primitive groove, 121, *298

— node (or knot), *121, *297

— streak, 115, *121, *295, *296, *297,

• 299

— — (of man), *124

primordial germ cells, 45, *46, 205

primordium, 12

proamnion, 122, 138, *295, *297

proctodeum, 127, 130, 132, *181, 187, 191

proestrum, 210

pronephric duct, 200, *201

pronephros, *200, *201

— of frog, *281, *285, *286, *288, *292,

• 293

pronucleus, 52, 54, *56, 153, *155, 156

prophase, 60, *61, *66

prosencephalon, 250, *251

— of chick, *299, *300, *301, *303

— of frog, *276, *277, *280, *281, *283,

• 284

prostate gland, 213

prostatic utricle, *209, 213

Protenor, *69

protoplasm, 32

Protopterus, *246

pseudobranch, 184

pseudopregnancy, 210

pterygoid bones, *234

pterygoquadrate cartilage, 233

puberty, 26

pubis, *235, 236

pulmonary artery, *219, *220

— vein, 224

Punnett square, 76, *77

see also

55, *56,

387

Q

quadrate bone, *234, 269 quadratojugal, *234, *235

R

radialia (of carpus), 235 radius, *235, 236

rami of nerves, *253

Rauber’s cells, *113, 114, *141 recapitulation theory, 6 receptors, 247

recessive genes, 73, 89

‘reconstruction (models), 357

rectum, 187, *192

reduction division, 67, 87

regulation eggs, 158, *159

renal, see also excretory, nephric

— artery, *221

— -portal vein, 226

respiration, 183

respiratory tree, 184

resting nucleus, see metabolic nucleus

retention theory, 8

reticulum (of nucleus), 32, 60, *61

retina, 264, *266, *290, *305

rhinencephalon, see olfactory lobe

rhombencephalon, 250, *251

— of chick, *299, *300, *302, *303

— of frog, *276, *277, *279, *281, *283,

• 284

rhomboidal sinus, *299

ribs, *231

roots (of nerves), *253

Roux, 6, 158, 161

Rugh, 51, 332

rules of cleavage, 89

8

saccule (of ear), 267, *268 Sachs, 90, 95

sacral plexus, 250 salivary glands, 183 scales, *230, *245 scapula, *235, 236 Sceleporus, 230 Schleiden, 5 Schmidt, 159 Schrader, 62 Schwann, 5 388

sclera (of eye), 264, *266 sclerotome, 196, *238, *314 scrotum, 211

sebaceous gland, 246

secondary embryo, *170

secretory tubules, *202, 203 segmental zone, 122

segmentation cavity, see blastocoel segregation, 73, *74, *75 self-differentiation, 168, *169 semicircular canals, 267, *268, *291 semilunar ganglion, 257, *319 seminal vesicle, 212

semination, 50, 51

seminiferous tubules, *206

sense organs, 132, 134, 233, 261 septa of heart, 288

septum transversum, *197, *198, *323 serial sections, 339, *341 sero-amniotic raphe, sce amniotic raphe serosa, see chorion (of amniota) Sertoli cell, see sustentacular sex-chromosomes, *69, *70, *71 sex-linked inheritance, 81, *83, *84 Sharp, 32, 47

shell gland, 212

— membrane, 38

Siamese twins, 164

sinus arteriosus (valves), *322

— of nose, *263

— rhomboidialis, see rhomboidal sinus — terminalis, 216

— venosus, 218, *227, *303, *311, *327 situs, inversus, 158

skeletal labyrinth (of ear), 267 skeletogenous regions, *229 skeleton, 229 ff

skin, see integument

— glands, *246

skull, *232, *234, *235

Smith’s fluid, 334

smooth muscles, 238, 254

soma cells, 48, *45

somatic layer of mesoderm, 120 — veins, 216

somatopleure, 128, 136, 196

— in chick, *297 ff

somites, 120, 122, *128

— of chick, *295 ff

— of frog, *277 ff

INDEX

spawning of amphioxus, 13 — of frog, 13 species hybrids, 156 Spemann, 158, 161, 165, 169 sperm, 34, *35, 42, 47 spermatid, 47 — transformation, *49 spermatocyte, 47 spermatogenesis, 43, 44, 47, 48 spermatogonia, 46, 206 spermatozo6n, see sperm spermioteleosis, see spermatid transformation sphenoid bones, *234 sphenolateral cartilage, *232, 233 sphere substance, 48 spina bifida, 162, 173 spinal accessory nerve, see accessory nerve — artery, *219, 221, *318 — canal, *283 — cord, 250, *253 — — of chick, *307, *308, *311 ff — — of frog, *285, *293 — — of pig, *320 ff — ganglion, *253, *320 ff — nerves, 250, *253, *254, *316, *321, *323 spindle (mitotic), *61, 62 spiracle, 131 spiral coil (of sperm), *35 splanchnic layer (of mesoderm), 121 — veins, 216 splanchnocoel, see coelom splanchnocranium, *232, 233 splanchnopleure, 128, 136, 142 — in chick, *297 ff spleen, 198, 215 spongioblasts, 248 Squalus, *230, *239 squamosal bone, *234, *235 stapedial muscle, 269 stapes, 233, 267, *268, 269 stem cell, *45 sternum, 231, *232 stomach, *182, *189, *192, *323, *327 stomodeal plate, *304 stomodeum, 127, 130, 132, 247, 252, *284 Storer, 331 stratum corneum, see corneum — germinativum, see germinativum « — granulosum (of ovarian follicle), *207 INDEX

striated muscles, 238; see also muscles stroma (of testis), 206

Sturtevant, &1

Styela, 55, 93, *94, 159

Subcardinal vein, *223, *323, *325, *327 subcephalic pocket, 182, *296, *300, *301 subclavian artery, *219, 220

— vein, 223

subintestinal vein, 216, *225 subnotochordal rod, see hypochord substituting bones, 230

subunguis, *245

sucker (of tadpole), 130, 247, *276 ff sudoriparous glands, 246

superfemale, 86, *87, 88

superior ganglion, 258, *319 supermale, *87, 88

supersexes, 86, *87, 88

supracardinal vein, 224

suprarenal gland, *213, 214, 256 sustentacular cells, 206

Sutton, 5

sweat glands, see sudoriparous glands Swingle, 214

synapsis, 64, *65, *66, *81, *85 syngamy, see fertilization

T

tail, 129, 132, 135

— fin, *288

— fold, 132, 134, *303

— — of amnion, 138

tarsal bones, *235, *236 taste buds, 183

teeth, *182, 230 telencephalon, 250, *251

— of chick, *304, *309, *311, *312 — of pig, *316, *318, *320 telocoel, 251

telolecithal eggs, 37, 92 telophase, *61, 62, *66 temperature gradient, 158, 162 tensor tympani (muscle), 269 teratology, 88

terminal nerve, 256

testis, *52, *206

tetrad, 64, *65, *66 thalamencephalon, 252 thalamus, 251

389

thigmotaxis, 53

thymus, *185, *327

thyroglossal duct, 184

thyroid, 175, *182, *185, *192, *312

thyroxin, 175

tibia, *235, 236

tongue, *182, 183, 239, *318, *320

tonsil, 191

torsion, 132, 157

trabecula cartilage, *232

trachea, *182, 183, *192, *316, *818 ff

translocation of chromosomes, *85

transplantation, 165, *166

trigeminal nerve, *256, 257

triploid Drosophila, 88

Triton, *103, 153, 154, *155, 162, *163,

• 170, 174, *175

trochlear nerve, *256, 266

trophoblast, 42, *106, *113, 144°

trophoderm, see trophoblast

tuberculum impar, 191

— posterius, 278

tubo-tympanic cavity, 187, 189, 191

tunica albuginea, 206, 208

tympanic cavity, 184, 269

tympanum, *268, 269, *270

U ulna, *235, 236 ultimobranchial bodies, *185 umbilical artery, 185, *219, 221, *318,

• 325, *326

— blood vessels, 144 — cord, *141, 147 — stalk, 132, 137, *139, 140, *148 — vein, 135, 222, *324, *325 unguis, *245 ureter, 203 urethra, 193, 213 urinary bladder, 187, *189, 204 urodeum (of chick), 191 urogenital aperture, 187, 193 — ridge, 212 — sinus, 187, 193 — system, see genital organs, nephric organs uterine milk, 135, 210 uterus, 212 utricle (of ear), see vestibule utriculus prostaticus, see prostatic utricle 390

Vv

vacuoles, *32, 34

vagina, 212

vagus nerve, *256, 258, 267

vas deferens, see deferent duct

vascular system, 214 ff

— — of chick, 226, *227

— — of frog, 226, *227

— — of man, 227, *228

vegetal pole, see pole

veins, 221 ff

velum transversum, 326

zygote, 31; see also fertilized egg

vena cava, see precaval vein, postcaval vein

vent, 187

ventral aorta, 216, *217, *219, *220

ventricle, 218

— of chick, *303, *307, *309, *311, *313

— of frog, *284

— of pig, *318, *3822, *323

vermiform appendix, 192

vertebrae, 230, *231

vertebral artery, *219, 221

— vein, 223

vesico-urethral sinus, 193

vestibular nerve, 267

vestibule, 267, *268

villi, 146, *149

visceral arches, 132, *240, *257

— — of chick, *305, *312

— — of frog, *286

— — of pig, *320

— clefts, 6, *128, 130, 134, 233

— — of chick, *803, *309

— grooves, 130 ff, 269

— — of chick, *305

— muscles, *240, *241

— pouches, 130, 131, 134, *182

— — of chick, *305

— — of frog, *276, *286

— — of pig, *320, *327

‘‘itamins, 176

vitelline artery, 135, *217

— — of chick, *303, *309

— — of pig, *318, *324, *325

— membrane, 34, 38, 53, *57

INDEX

vitelline vein, 135, 185, 199, 216, *217,

• 222

——of chick, *297, *299, *302, *303,

• 307, *309 ,

— — of pig, *318, *325

vitreous humor (or body), 264, *266

viviparous, 51

Vogt, 102, 103, 118

vomer, *234, 235

von Baer, 4

WwW

W-chromosome, 71

water, 173

Weismann, 7, 43

Whitman, 5

Wilson, 159

Witschi, 161

whole mounts, 336

Wolff, 4

Wolffian body, see mesonephros

— duct, 208 ff; sce also mesonephric duct

Wright, 331

x

X-chromosome, 69 ff, *70, *71, *72, 81 ff xenoplastic transplantation, 165, *166,

1. 167, 171

Y

Y-chromosome, 70 ff, *71, *72, 81

yellow crescent (of Styela), 55

yolk, 34, 37, 55, 92, *126

— in frog’s egg, 135, *277, *281, *283,

• 289

— nucleus complex, 50

— plug, *110, 111

— sac, 114, 135 ff, 144, *305

— — umbilicus, 186, *139, 143

Z

Z-chromosome, 71, *72 zone of junction, *123