Talk:Bilaminar embryo

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2016

Self-organization of the human embryo in the absence of maternal tissues

Nat Cell Biol. 2016 Jun;18(6):700-8. doi: 10.1038/ncb3347. Epub 2016 May 4.

Shahbazi MN1, Jedrusik A1, Vuoristo S1, Recher G1, Hupalowska A1, Bolton V2, Fogarty NM3, Campbell A4, Devito LG2, Ilic D2, Khalaf Y2, Niakan KK3, Fishel S4, Zernicka-Goetz M1.

Abstract

Remodelling of the human embryo at implantation is indispensable for successful pregnancy. Yet it has remained mysterious because of the experimental hurdles that beset the study of this developmental phase. Here, we establish an in vitro system to culture human embryos through implantation stages in the absence of maternal tissues and reveal the key events of early human morphogenesis. These include segregation of the pluripotent embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages, and morphogenetic rearrangements leading to generation of a bilaminar disc, formation of a pro-amniotic cavity within the embryonic lineage, appearance of the prospective yolk sac, and trophoblast differentiation. Using human embryos and human pluripotent stem cells, we show that the reorganization of the embryonic lineage is mediated by cellular polarization leading to cavity formation. Together, our results indicate that the critical remodelling events at this stage of human development are embryo-autonomous, highlighting the remarkable and unanticipated self-organizing properties of human embryos.

PMID 27144686

http://www.nature.com/ncb/journal/v18/n6/full/ncb3347.html

Age of the embryo (days)	Number of OCT4+ cells (epiblast)	Number of GATA6+ cells (hypoblast)
Day 7-8	17	46
Day 8-9	26	57
Day 9-10	86	61
Day 10-11	328	79