Talk:BGDA Practical 12 - Birth: Difference between revisions
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{{Endocrine birth table}} | |||
{{Birth stages table}} | |||
===Labour Stages=== | |||
{| | {| | ||
! bgcolor="CEDFF2" | |- bgcolor="CEDFF2" | ||
! width=100px|Labour Stages | |||
! width=100px|Changes | |||
! width=150px|Time | |||
! Roles | |||
|- | |||
| valign=top|Stage 1 | |||
| dilatation | |||
| valign=top|7 to 12 hours<br>longer for first child | |||
| uterine contractions 10 minutes apart, function to dilate cervix fetal membranes rupture releasing amnion | |||
|- bgcolor="F5FAFF" | |||
| valign=top|Stage 2 | |||
| expulsion | |||
| 20 to 50 minutes | |||
| uterine contractions push fetus through cervix and vagina, contractions 2-3 minutes apart | |||
|- | |||
| Stage 3 | |||
| placental | |||
| 15 minutes | |||
| following child delivery contractions continue to expel placenta. haematoma separates placenta from uterine wall, separation occurs at spongy layer of decidua basalis | |||
|- bgcolor="F5FAFF" | |||
| valign=top|Stage 4 | |||
| recovery | |||
| 2+ hours | |||
| continued myometrial contraction closes spiral arteries | |||
|} | |||
{| | |||
|- bgcolor="CEDFF2" | |||
! Hormones | |||
! Roles | ! Roles | ||
|- | |- | ||
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* hyperpolarizes myometrial cells (-65 mV), reduces excitability and conductivity | * hyperpolarizes myometrial cells (-65 mV), reduces excitability and conductivity | ||
* Level in plasma may fall just before parturition, definitely decreases following delivery of placenta | * Level in plasma may fall just before parturition, definitely decreases following delivery of placenta | ||
|- | |- bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| valign=top|Estrogens | |||
| | | | ||
* Group of steroidal hormones, peak when parturition begins | * Group of steroidal hormones, peak when parturition begins | ||
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* myometrium sensitivity to oxytocin (increased by estrogen, decreased by progesterone) | * myometrium sensitivity to oxytocin (increased by estrogen, decreased by progesterone) | ||
* stimulus for release - mechanical stimulation of uterus, cervix and vagina (ethanol inhibits release) | * stimulus for release - mechanical stimulation of uterus, cervix and vagina (ethanol inhibits release) | ||
|- | |- bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| valign=top|Prostaglandins | |||
| | | | ||
* hydroxy fatty acids - sythesized by placenta, amniotic fliud contains mainly PGF2 alpha, causes myometrial contraction (also in maternal plasma) | * hydroxy fatty acids - sythesized by placenta, amniotic fliud contains mainly PGF2 alpha, causes myometrial contraction (also in maternal plasma) | ||
* prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and [[P#prostaglandin E2|prostaglandin E2]] (PGE2) - used to induce labour (intravenous, oral, intravaginal, intraamniotic) | * prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and [[P#prostaglandin E2|prostaglandin E2]] (PGE2) - used to induce labour (intravenous, oral, intravaginal, intraamniotic) | ||
* Aspirin inhibitor of PG synthesis - leads to increased duration of pregnancy | * Aspirin inhibitor of PG synthesis - leads to increased duration of pregnancy | ||
|- bgcolor="CEDFF2" | |||
| [[Endocrine Development]] | |||
| {{Birth Links}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:02, 2 June 2013
Practical Audio
BGD Cycle A 2010 Audio - Dr Mark Hill Monday 17th May 2010 3-5pm G2G4.
listen Part 6 | download (2.13 Mb MP3 18:36) |
Hormones | Roles |
---|---|
Progesterone |
|
Estrogens |
|
Oxytocin |
|
Prostaglandins |
|
Endocrine | Birth |
Labour Stages | Changes | Time | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
Stage 1 | Dilatation | 7 to 12 hours longer for first child |
Uterine contractions 10 minutes apart, function to dilate cervix fetal membranes rupture releasing amnion. |
Stage 2 | Expulsion | 20 to 50 minutes | Uterine contractions 2 to 3 minutes apart, function to push fetus through cervix and vagina. |
Stage 3 | Placental | 15 minutes | Uterine contractions following child delivery expel placenta. Haematoma separates placenta from uterine wall, separation occurs at spongy layer of decidua basalis. |
Stage 4 | Recovery | 2+ hours | Uterine contractions continue and myometrial contraction closes spiral arteries, also begins to reduce uterine volume. |
Labour Stages
Labour Stages | Changes | Time | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
Stage 1 | dilatation | 7 to 12 hours longer for first child |
uterine contractions 10 minutes apart, function to dilate cervix fetal membranes rupture releasing amnion |
Stage 2 | expulsion | 20 to 50 minutes | uterine contractions push fetus through cervix and vagina, contractions 2-3 minutes apart |
Stage 3 | placental | 15 minutes | following child delivery contractions continue to expel placenta. haematoma separates placenta from uterine wall, separation occurs at spongy layer of decidua basalis |
Stage 4 | recovery | 2+ hours | continued myometrial contraction closes spiral arteries |
Hormones | Roles |
---|---|
Progesterone |
|
Estrogens |
|
Oxytocin |
|
Prostaglandins |
|
Endocrine Development |
External Environment
- mainly shown in other species parturition occurs in peaceful undisturbed surroundings, stress may have an inhibitory effect on oxytocin release
- Most human births occur at night (peak at 3am) diurnal rhythm influence