Talk:Abnormal Development - Hydatidiform Mole

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Abnormal Development - Hydatidiform Mole. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Abnormal_Development_-_Hydatidiform_Mole

2013

Two cases of complete hydatidiform mole and coexistent live fetus

J Prenat Med. 2013 Jan;7(1):1-4.

Vimercati A, de Gennaro AC, Cobuzzi I, Grasso S, Abruzzese M, Fascilla FD, Cormio G, Selvaggi L. Source Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to report the clinical features, management, and outcome of complete hydatidiform mole with a coexisting viable fetus. Two cases are reported. In both cases ultrasound examination demonstrated a normally growing live fetus alongside a normal placenta and an additional intrauterine echogenic mass with features of hydatidiform mole. The hCG levels were significantly increased and fetal karyotypes were normal. A cesarean section performed at 28 weeks' gestation in the first case and at 26 weeks' gestation in the second one resulted in the delivery of live normal infant and two adjoining placentas in both cases. Microscopic examination of the abnormal placentas confirmed complete hydatidiform mole. The babies did well and serial maternal serum hCG levels showed a declining trend and were undetectable by a few months after delivery. Continuation of a twin pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole (CHMF) is an acceptable option. There is, although, an increased risk of developing maternal and fetal complications. Close surveillance of an ongoing pregnancy is compulsory to detect potential early signs of complications. KEYWORDS: complete hydatidiform mole, gestational trophoblastic disease, twin pregnancy

PMID 23741539


2012

Minimally-aggressive gestational trophoblastic neoplasms

Gynecol Oncol. 2012 Apr;125(1):145-50. Epub 2011 Dec 22.

Cole LA. Abstract INTRODUCTION: We have previously defined a new syndrome "Minimally-aggressive gestational trophoblastic neoplasms" in which choriocarcinoma or persistent hydatidiform mole has a minimal growth rate and becomes chemorefractory. Previously we described a new treatment protocol, waiting for hCG rise to >3000 mIU/ml and disease becomes more advanced, then using combination chemotherapy. Initially we found this treatment successful in 8 of 8 cases, here we find this protocol appropriate in a further 16 cases. Initially we used hyperglycosylated hCG, a limited availability test, to identify this syndrome. Here we propose also using hCG doubling rate to detect this syndrome. METHODS: Minimally aggressive gestational trophoblastic disease can be detected by chemotherapy resistance or low hyperglycosylated hCG, <40% of total hCG. It can also be identified by hCG doubling rate, with doubling time greater than 2weeks. RESULTS: Nineteen new cases were identified as having minimally aggressive gestational trophoblastic disease by hyperglycosylated hCG and by hCG doubling test. All were recommended to hold off further chemotherapy until hCG >3000mIU/ml. One case died prior to the start of the study, one case withdrew because of a lung nodule and one withdrew refusing the suggested combination chemotherapy. The remaining 16 women were all successfully treated. DISCUSSION: A total of 8 plus 16 or 24 of 24 women were successfully treated using the proposed protocol, holding back on chemotherapy until hCG >3000mIU/ml. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PMID 22198244


Chemotherapy and human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations 6 months after uterine evacuation of molar pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study

Lancet. 2012 Jan 14;379(9811):130-5. Epub 2011 Nov 28.


Agarwal R, Teoh S, Short D, Harvey R, Savage PM, Seckl MJ. Source Imperial College London, London, UK. Abstract BACKGROUND: Indications for chemotherapy in gestational trophoblastic disease include raised human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations 6 months after uterine evacuation of hydatidiform mole, even when values are falling. We aimed to establish whether chemotherapy is always necessary in these patients. METHODS: We retrospectively identified women registered between January, 1993, and May, 2008, at Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK, who had persistently high hCG concentrations 6 months after evacuation of hydatidiform mole. Rates of hCG normalisation, relapse, and death were assessed in patients continued under surveillance and those who received chemotherapy after 6 months. We postulated that a surveillance policy would be clinically acceptable if hCG values returned to normal in 75% of patients or more. FINDINGS: 76 (<1%) of 13,960 patients with hydatidiform moles had persistently high hCG concentrations of more than 5 IU/L 6 months after evacuation. 66 (87%) patients continued under surveillance and hCG values spontaneously returned to normal without chemotherapy in 65 (98%) of these patients. Values in one patient did not become normal because of chronic renal failure, but she remains healthy. Ten patients received chemotherapy, and hCG concentrations returned to normal in eight (80%) of these individuals (surveillance vs chemotherapy groups p=0·044) and remained slightly high (6-11 IU/L) in two without any associated clinical problems off treatment. We noted no significant differences between individuals in the surveillance and chemotherapy groups, apart from lower median hCG concentrations 6 months after evacuation in those under surveillance than in those given chemotherapy (13 IU/L, range 5-887, vs 157 IU/L, range 6-6438; p=0·004). Overall, there were no deaths in this series. INTERPRETATION: A surveillance policy seems to be clinically acceptable in patients with low and declining concentrations of hCG 6 months after evacuation of hydatidiform mole. FUNDING: National Commissioning Group, Imperial Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Comment in Lancet. 2012 Jan 14;379(9811):98-100.

PMID 22130490

2011

2010