Talk:2016 Group Project 1: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
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*At least one picture per section
*At least one picture per section


=== [[Group 1]] ===
===Group 1===


You guys have made significant progress on your project, managing to touch briefly on each section of your assignment. There have been some good choices of subheadings but I think some improvement can be made. For example, I think it would be useful to breakdown the general heading of ‘introduction’ into smaller subheadings so readers are made aware of what will be discussed in this section. It would also be useful to touch upon the importance of this pathway and thus, highlighting its significance in embryological development.  
You guys have made significant progress on your project, managing to touch briefly on each section of your assignment. There have been some good choices of subheadings but I think some improvement can be made. For example, I think it would be useful to breakdown the general heading of ‘introduction’ into smaller subheadings so readers are made aware of what will be discussed in this section. It would also be useful to touch upon the importance of this pathway and thus, highlighting its significance in embryological development.  

Revision as of 13:37, 6 October 2016

Group Assessment Criteria  
Mark Hill.jpg Science Student Projects
  1. The key points relating to the topic that your group allocated are clearly described.
  2. The choice of content, headings and sub-headings, diagrams, tables, graphs show a good understanding of the topic area.
  3. Content is correctly cited and referenced.
  4. The wiki has an element of teaching at a peer level using the student's own innovative diagrams, tables or figures and/or using interesting examples or explanations.
  5. Evidence of significant research relating to basic and applied sciences that goes beyond the formal teaching activities.
  6. Relates the topic and content of the Wiki entry to learning aims of embryology.
  7. Clearly reflects on editing/feedback from group peers and articulates how the Wiki could be improved (or not) based on peer comments/feedback. Demonstrates an ability to review own work when criticised in an open edited wiki format. Reflects on what was learned from the process of editing a peer's wiki.
  8. Evaluates own performance and that of group peers to give a rounded summary of this wiki process in terms of group effort and achievement.
  9. The content of the wiki should demonstrate to the reader that your group has researched adequately on this topic and covered the key areas necessary to inform your peers in their learning.
  10. Develops and edits the wiki entries in accordance with the above guidelines.
More Information on Assessment Criteria | Science Student Projects
Signalling: 1 Wnt | 2 Notch | 3 FGF Receptor | 4 Hedgehog | 5 T-box | 6 TGF-Beta
Here are some starting places for the topic. Can be patterning, differentiation, etc. as long as a developmental signal process/pathway.

Peer Review

Group 1:

Positive aspects of the project and suggested improvements:

Upon assessment of this project, it appears that the authors have devised a variety of subheadings related to the signalling pathway of the Wnt receptor in embryonic development which is excellent. The group has also began investigating the involvement of Wnt in numerous aspects of embryonic development such as skin formation. The use of subheadings and headings related to the Wnt receptor partially meets criteria 1 and 2 assessment. It also appears that the group has cited and referenced sources for some of the information utilised, particularly when describing the “Caronical Pathway”. This also partially meets criteria 3 for this assessment. The group has also attempted to explore abnormalities in the Wnt pathway by describing interruptions in the pathway and its relation to cancer which is very interesting. They have therefore attempted to research ideas related to this receptor that extend beyond formal teaching activities, by explaining the link between Wnt abnormalities and disease (criteria 5).

Whilst there are the positive aspects of the page, improvements can still be made to ensure that the group satisfies the first five points of the marking criteria. Firstly, although there appears to be subheadings, there only appear to be few and therefore it would be excellent to add more subheadings. Subheadings may relate to the history of the Wnt signalling pathway or even subtypes of the receptor as well as their respective functions. In addition, whilst the group appear to have cited some of their sources, it is important to cite all sources, particularly when gathering data under the “Non-canonical pathway” subheading. Although a series of articles have been referred to, it is vital that the group includes in-text citations in order for the audience to determine the source for each segment of information. A suggestion would be to investigate more examples of diseases caused by abnormalities in the Wnt signalling pathway

Negative aspects of the project and suggested improvements:

The group appeared to provide a general description of the abnormalities associated with disruption of the Wnt pathway; however they did not talk about abnormalities in the context of embryonic development. A suggestion would be to discuss Wnt abnormalities to the effect it has on embryonic development. It was also noticed that the group failed to include diagrams, tables or figures to reinforce the information. The use of diagrams would assist the audience in developing a visual understanding of the information presented and also makes the wiki page more appealing too. Therefore, a suggestion would be to use diagrams and figures. For example, a diagram of the signalling pathway would be a suggestion. It was noticed that the page appears to have no introduction or history describing the Wnt receptor. Therefore, a possible improvement would be to include a brief introduction and history at the beginning of the page as well as a few diagrams to provide the audience with an insight into what the receptor’s purpose is before exploring its function in embryonic developing.

In addition, it appears that the group has focused on the role of Wnt in skin development of the embryo only. A possible improvement would be to investigate the involvement of Wnt in other areas of embryonic development, perhaps the development of specific organ systems or other structures.





To all group members:

  • More info on pathway focusing on fetus development, and which pathway it is majorly part of - focus research on those body parts
  • Make your section presentable
  • At least one picture per section

Group 1

You guys have made significant progress on your project, managing to touch briefly on each section of your assignment. There have been some good choices of subheadings but I think some improvement can be made. For example, I think it would be useful to breakdown the general heading of ‘introduction’ into smaller subheadings so readers are made aware of what will be discussed in this section. It would also be useful to touch upon the importance of this pathway and thus, highlighting its significance in embryological development.

In terms of the content of the project, being only in the draft stage a considerable amount of editing is required. For example, there has been mention of the TCF/LEF family and though the use of this abbreviations is useful, I think it would be appropriate to initially include the full name and explain this term in brief detail. In addition, there has been discussion of the ‘canonical’ and ‘non-canonical’ pathways of WnT Signalling Pathway but you could consider discussing the significance of having these two separate pathways. Comparing and contrasting these two pathways may also assist in aiding one’s understanding of the topic.

Though it is great that you have made progress, I think more detail is required in each section, particularly in linking the effect of these pathways on embryological development. Also, greater attention needs to paid to referencing and utilisation of studies that have dissected this signalling pathway. For example, greater emphasis can be placed on studies performed on ‘embryos of Xenopus laevis’ or the in vitro experiments on mice. Instead of saying ‘a study’ or ‘another study’ acknowledge the researchers of this study as it will increase the validity of your argument while providing readers with the opportunity to refer back to these papers for more information if required or interested. More detail is also required on the effect of this pathway on skin formation. One way this could be done is by expanding on the information already provided, for example, explain how ‘WnT signalling inhibits the ectoderm’s responsiveness to FGFs’ and provide a detailed explanation of the feedback mechanism. Though your topic is focusing on ‘WnT Signalling pathway in the skin of fetus’ It would be beneficial to explore the roles of Wnt signalling in other areas of embryological development as this could provide insight into the abnormalities caused by mutations in this pathway. In terms of the ‘what can go wrong’ section, try breaking this segment into the various embryological deficiencies that can develop through disruption of the WnT pathway and try and make it relevant by providing statistics.

Overall, you guys have done a fantastic job! It was good to see that all group members had contributed to the project. The main thing that requires improvement is the lack of detail. Through editing and inclusion of appropriate references and citations you can significantly improve the quality of your work. It would be useful to add some diagrams or images to help explain the pathway. In addition, try utilising your discussion page and communicating with your other team members. By providing feedback and suggestions you can assist in efficiently producing an excellent project. I hope this helps!! 

Notes

Just trying to simplify and understand the process and these are some of my notes !(z3417363)

The inactive Wnt Pathway In a normal cell:

In most normal cells the Wnt pathway is inactive. In the cytosol , the destruction complex is formed from the proteins beta catenin, GSK3 beta, Axin,APC, Ck1-alpha. The ubiquitin ligase beta TRCP is able to bind to beta catenin and transfer short ubiquitin peptides to beta-catenin. In other words the beta-catenin is phosphorolated and this beta catenin can then bound and be by a complex of protease (proteasome) . Thus a low level of cellular beta catenin is achieved. Therefore no beta catenin reaches the nucleus and the transcription factor of the TCF LEF family along with other proteins (groucho) binds to DNA and inhibits gene expression. So essentially when WnT is inactive, beta canenin is destroyed and does not reach nucleus and transcription is inhibited.

The Active Wnt Pathway in a normal cell.

Extracellular(outside cell) Wnt binds with the membrane receptor frizzled (FZD). The wnt pathway is activated and activates the cytosolic protein "dishevelled"(DSH) which induces dissociation of the protein destruction complex. Because the protein complex is destroyed beta- catenin is no longer modified by unbiquitin peptides/phosporolated and is not destroyed. Since the supply of beta catenin continues the level of beta catenin rises, first in the cytosol and later in the nucleus. Once the beta catenin reaches the nuclue it binds to the TCF LEF transcription factor which changes them from a transcriptional repressor into an activator. TCF itself activates an RNA polymerase which induces gene transcription. So essentially WnT starts gene transcription by allowing beta catenin to reach the nucleus.

This is actually very similar to a tumour cell where the mutation of the protein complex also inhibits the destruction of beta catenin and allows it to grow in quantity and reach the nucleus and start gene expression. However this is not uncontrolled and can be compared to a car travelling with no brakes. Ultimately this abnormal proliferation leads to malignant adenocarcinoma (cancer).

Use pubmed, biomedcentral journals==you can find it on pubmed just plug in the title and you will get the pubmed number>BMC developmental biology journal, journal of cell biology(cant use last 6months of research), proceeding national academy of science(can only use after 6months), public library of science omim

include research labs, animations use the help tab where the terminlogy came from this is a student drawn image , based upon and give the reference