Stem Cells - Adult: Difference between revisions

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==Skin Stem Cell ==
==Skin Stem Cell ==
 
<pubmed>22972293</pubmed>
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v489/n7415/full/489215a.html
<pubmed>22940863</pubmed>


== Hair Follicle Stem Cell ==
== Hair Follicle Stem Cell ==

Revision as of 15:28, 1 February 2013

Introduction

The term "stem cell" is now used widely to cover many different cells derived from both embryo and adult tissues.

A useful guide (online PDF document) to stem cells was produced in a report by the National Institute of Health (NIH, USA, May 2000) and more recently NIH has established a Stem Cell information page.

This page also currently has some information on Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT), see also Fertilization.

Stem Cell Links: Introduction | Timeline | Placental Cord Blood | Adult | Induced pluripotent stem cell | Yamanaka Factors | Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer | Ethics | Organoids | Adult Human Cell Types | Category:Stem Cell

Some Recent Findings

Stem cell artificial trachea and bronchi (Image UCL)
  • A subpopulation of adult skeletal muscle stem cells retains all template DNA strands after cell division[1] "Satellite cells are adult skeletal muscle stem cells that are quiescent and constitute a poorly defined heterogeneous population. ... Proliferating Pax7-nGFP(Hi) cells exhibit lower metabolic activity, and the majority performs asymmetric DNA segregation during cell division, wherein daughter cells retaining template DNA strands express stem cell markers. Using chromosome orientation-fluorescence in situ hybridization, we demonstrate that all chromatids segregate asymmetrically, whereas Pax7-nGFP(Lo) cells perform random DNA segregation. Therefore, quiescent Pax7-nGFP(Hi) cells represent a reversible dormant stem cell state, and during muscle regeneration, Pax7-nGFP(Hi) cells generate distinct daughter cell fates by asymmetrically segregating template DNA strands to the stem cell."
  • First Successful Transplantation of a Synthetic Tissue Engineered Windpipe Karolinska Institute | University College London | BBC News "An international team designed and built the nanocomposite tracheal scaffold and produced a specifically designed bioreactor used to seed the scaffold with the patient´s own stem cells. The cells were grown on the scaffold inside the bioreactor for two days before transplantation to the patient. Because the cells used to regenerate the trachea were the patient's own, there has been no rejection of the transplant and the patient is not taking immunosuppressive drugs."

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell

(iPS cell) A reprogrammed adult stem cell to form an embryonic stem cell, from which tissues or whole animals can develop. Can be generated by the expression of just four specific transcription factors.


Links: Induced Stem Cells

Bone Marrow Stem Cell

Bone marrow stromal stem cells

Skin Stem Cell

<pubmed>22972293</pubmed> <pubmed>22940863</pubmed>

Hair Follicle Stem Cell

<pubmed>15366003</pubmed>

Dental Pulp Stem Cell (DPSC)

Dental pulp stem/stromal cell (DPSC) are similar to bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBMSCs) in the expression pattern of cell surface markers and their pluripotent differentiation capability.

<pubmed>18687995</pubmed> <pubmed>16330757</pubmed> <pubmed>12147742</pubmed>

Spermatogonial Stem Cell

 

Neural Stem Cell

In the adult brain, the subependymal zone (SEZ) (a thin layer of cells lining the lateral wall of the lateral brain ventricles) is a source of neural stem cells (NSCs).


Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

Dolly the Sheep

In 1996 Dolly the sheep was the first animal to be produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) using an adult-derived somatic cell as nuclear donor.

SCNT using a range of different cell types has been successfully applied to a range of species (cattle, mice, goats, pigs, cats, rabbits, horses, rats, dogs and ferrets. (see review[2])


Animal Timeline


Links: Fertilization | Animal Development

References

  1. <pubmed>22265406</pubmed>
  2. <pubmed>22681293</pubmed>
  3. <pubmed>8598906</pubmed>
  4. <pubmed>9596577</pubmed>
  5. <pubmed>9690471</pubmed>
  6. <pubmed>10331804</pubmed>
  7. <pubmed>10993078</pubmed>

Reviews

<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed>17157222</pubmed> <pubmed>17123233</pubmed> <pubmed>17076989</pubmed>


Articles

<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed>17282993</pubmed> <pubmed>17234930</pubmed>

Search PubMed

Search PubMed Now: adult stem cells | induced pluripotent stem cell |

Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Stem Cells - Adult. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Stem_Cells_-_Adult

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G