Statistics - Maternal Mortality: Difference between revisions

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==Introduction==
==Introduction==


[[File:WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013.jpg|frame|800px|alt=WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013|WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013]]]]
[[File:WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013.jpg|800px|frame|alt=WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013|WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013]]


{{Statistics Links}}
{{Statistics Links}}

Revision as of 16:41, 20 June 2014

Embryology - 28 Mar 2024    Facebook link Pinterest link Twitter link  Expand to Translate  
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Introduction

WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013
WHO map maternal mortality ratio 2013
Statistics Links: Introduction | Reports | World Population | World Fertility | World Infant Mortality | Maternal Mortality | Australia | Brazil | Canada | China | Germany | India | Indonesia | Europe | Myanmar | Netherlands | Spain | United Kingdom | Romania | Uganda | United States | BGD Tutorial - Applied Embryology and Teratology | National Perinatal Statistics Unit | AIHW | Category:Statistics
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World Health Organization (WHO)

WHO Trends in Maternal Mortality 1990 to 2013
WHO - Trends in Maternal Mortality 1990 to 2013

Trends in Maternal Mortality 1990 to 2013

  • An estimated 289 000 women died in 2013 due to complications in pregnancy and childbirth, down from 523 000 in 1990.
  • more than 1 in 4 maternal deaths are caused by pre-existing medical conditions such as diabetes, HIV, malaria and obesity, whose health impacts can all be aggravated by pregnancy.
    • A related WHO study of causes of more than 60 000 maternal deaths in 115 countries caused 28% of the deaths.
  • similar to the proportion of deaths during pregnancy and childbirth from severe bleeding.
    • severe bleeding (mostly during and after childbirth) 27%
    • pregnancy-induced high blood pressure 14%
    • infections 11%
    • obstructed labour and other direct causes 9%
    • abortion complications 8%
    • blood clots (embolism) 3%.

Ten countries account for about 60% of global maternal deaths:

  1. India (50 000)
  2. Nigeria (40 000)
  3. Democratic Republic of the Congo (21 000)
  4. Ethiopia (13 000)
  5. Indonesia (8800)
  6. Pakistan (7900)
  7. United Republic of Tanzania (7900)
  8. Kenya (6300)
  9. China (5900)
  10. Uganda (5900)
Region Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) Range of MMR uncertainty Number of maternal deaths Lifetime risk of maternal death
(maternal deaths per 100 000 live births) Lower estimate Upper estimate 1 in:
World 210 160 290 289000 190
Developed Regions 16 12 23 2300 3700
Developing Regions 230 180 320 286 000 160

(Modified from Report Table 2. Estimates of maternal mortality ratio, p22)

Links: Reports | Report Page

United Kingdom

Saving Mothers' Lives: Reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006-2008. The Eighth Report of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom

BJOG. 2011 Mar;118 Suppl 1:1-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02847.x.

Cantwell R, Clutton-Brock T, Cooper G, Dawson A, Drife J, Garrod D, Harper A, Hulbert D, Lucas S, McClure J, Millward-Sadler H, Neilson J, Nelson-Piercy C, Norman J, O'Herlihy C, Oates M, Shakespeare J, de Swiet M, Williamson C, Beale V, Knight M, Lennox C, Miller A, Parmar D, Rogers J, Springett A. Abstract In the triennium 2006-2008, 261 women in the UK died directly or indirectly related to pregnancy. The overall maternal mortality rate was 11.39 per 100,000 maternities. Direct deaths decreased from 6.24 per 100,000 maternities in 2003-2005 to 4.67 per 100,000 maternities in 2006–2008 (p = 0.02). This decline is predominantly due to the reduction in deaths from thromboembolism and, to a lesser extent, haemorrhage. For the first time there has been a reduction in the inequalities gap, with a significant decrease in maternal mortality rates among those living in the most deprived areas and those in the lowest socio-economic group. Despite a decline in the overall UK maternal mortality rate, there has been an increase in deaths related to genital tract sepsis, particularly from community acquired Group A streptococcal disease. The mortality rate related to sepsis increased from 0.85 deaths per 100,000 maternities in 2003-2005 to 1.13 deaths in 2006-2008, and sepsis is now the most common cause of Direct maternal death. Cardiac disease is the most common cause of Indirect death; the Indirect maternal mortality rate has not changed significantly since 2003-2005. This Confidential Enquiry identified substandard care in 70% of Direct deaths and 55% of Indirect deaths. Many of the identified avoidable factors remain the same as those identified in previous Enquiries. Recommendations for improving care have been developed and are highlighted in this report. Implementing the Top ten recommendations should be prioritised in order to ensure the overall UK maternal mortality rate continues to decline.

PMID 21356004

Saving Mothers' Lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006-8: a review

Br J Anaesth. 2011 Aug;107(2):127-132. McClure JH, Cooper GM, Clutton-Brock TH; on behalf of the Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries. Source Simpson Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH16 5SA, UK. Abstract This review of the eighth report of the United Kingdom Enquiries into Maternal Deaths, Saving Mothers' Lives, is written primarily for anaesthetists and critical care specialists involved in both maternity and gynaecology services. Direct maternal deaths from systemic sepsis secondary to infection of the genital tract have increased. Systemic sepsis requires early recognition, immediate treatment and multidisciplinary management involving anaesthetists and critical care specialists. The incidence of deaths related to anaesthesia remains unchanged at seven in the three year period. Airway related problems unfortunately still cause maternal death. The role of early communication between obstetricians and anaesthesia and intensive care specialists is highlighted. The review summarizes the recommendations relating to anaesthesia and intensive care.

PMID 21757549


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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Statistics - Maternal Mortality. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Statistics_-_Maternal_Mortality

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G