Respiratory System - Postnatal

Introduction

This site mainly focuses on prenatal development, but the respiratory system is one of those that continues to grow and change postnatally. This page includes some topics related to this postnatal development.

Historic Embryology - Respiratory
1902 The Nasal Cavities and Olfactory Structures \| 1906 Lung \| 1912 Upper Respiratory Tract \| 1912 Respiratory \| 1913 Prenatal and Neonatal Lung \| 1914 Phrenic Nerve \| 1918 Respiratory images \| 1921 Respiratory \| 1922 Chick Pulmonary Vessels \| 1934 Right Fetal Lung \| 1936 Early Human Lung \| 1937 Terminal Air Passages \| 1938 Human Histology

Some Recent Findings

References | Recent References

Postnatal alveoli number

Rib orientation

Alveolar Stage

The postnatal lung, with alveoli forming.
Expansion of gas exchange alveoli, vascular beds (capillaries), lymphatics and innervation.

Links: Principal stages of lung development in humans

Alveoli

At birth about 15% of adult alveoli number have formed
- 20 - 50 million to in the adult about 300 million.
remaining subdivisions develop in the first few postnatal years
Alveoli Number

Respiratory Rate

neonatal rate is higher (30-60 breaths/minute) than adult (12-20 breaths/minute).
- tachypnea - (Greek, rapid breathing) an increased respiratory rate of greater than 60 breaths/minute in a quiet resting baby

Age	Rate (breaths/minute)
Infant (birth - 1 year)	30 - 60
Toddler (1 - 3 years)	24 - 40
Preschool (3 - 6 years)	22 - 34
School age (6 - 12 years)	18 - 30
Adolescent (12 - 18 years)	12 - 16

Rib Orientation

Infant Rib

lies virtually horizontal
allowing diaphragmatic breathing only.

Adult Rib

lies oblique (both anterior and lateral views)
allows for both pump-handle and bucket handle types of inspiration.

References

Reviews

Articles

Search PubMed

Search Pubmed: PostnatalTract Development |

Terms

Glossary Links

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 19) Embryology Respiratory System - Postnatal. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Respiratory_System_-_Postnatal

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