Respiratory System - Postnatal: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
Line 15: Line 15:
[[File:Postnatal alveoli number.jpg|thumb|Postnatal alveoli number]]
[[File:Postnatal alveoli number.jpg|thumb|Postnatal alveoli number]]
[[File:Neonatal rib orientation.jpg|thumb|Rib orientation]]
[[File:Neonatal rib orientation.jpg|thumb|Rib orientation]]
===Alveolar Stage===
* The postnatal lung, with '''alveoli''' forming.
* Expansion of gas exchange alveoli, vascular beds (capillaries), lymphatics and innervation.
:'''Links:''' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2920089/figure/f2-ehp.0901856/ Principal stages of lung development in humans]
===Alveoli===
===Alveoli===
* At birth about 15% of adult alveoli number have formed
* At birth about 15% of adult alveoli number have formed
Line 21: Line 28:
* [[Talk:SH_Lecture_-_Respiratory_System_Development#Respiratory_Alveoli|Alveoli Number]]
* [[Talk:SH_Lecture_-_Respiratory_System_Development#Respiratory_Alveoli|Alveoli Number]]


===Respiratory Rate===
==Respiratory Rate==
* neonatal rate is higher (30-60 breaths/minute) than adult (12-20 breaths/minute).
* neonatal rate is higher (30-60 breaths/minute) than adult (12-20 breaths/minute).
** tachypnea - (Greek, rapid breathing) an increased respiratory rate of greater than 60 breaths/minute in a quiet resting baby
** tachypnea - (Greek, rapid breathing) an increased respiratory rate of greater than 60 breaths/minute in a quiet resting baby
Line 47: Line 54:
|}
|}


===Rib Orientation===
==Rib Orientation==
 
===Infant Rib===


* Infant rib - is virtually horizontal, allowing diaphragmatic breathing only.  
* lies virtually horizontal
* Adult rib - is oblique (both anterior and lateral views), allows for pump-handle and bucket handle types of inspiration.
* allowing diaphragmatic breathing only.  
===Adult Rib===
*lies oblique (both anterior and lateral views)
* allows for both pump-handle and bucket handle types of inspiration.


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 11:26, 1 March 2012

Introduction

This site mainly focuses on prenatal development, but the respiratory system is one of those that continues to grow and change postnatally. This page includes some topics related to this postnatal development.

Respiratory Links: respiratory | Science Lecture | Lecture Movie | Med Lecture | Stage 13 | Stage 22 | upper respiratory tract | diaphragm | Histology | Postnatal | respiratory abnormalities | Respiratory Quiz | Respiratory terms | Category:Respiratory
Historic Embryology - Respiratory 
1902 The Nasal Cavities and Olfactory Structures | 1906 Lung | 1912 Upper Respiratory Tract | 1912 Respiratory | 1913 Prenatal and Neonatal Lung | 1914 Phrenic Nerve | 1918 Respiratory images | 1921 Respiratory | 1922 Chick Pulmonary Vessels | 1934 Right Fetal Lung | 1936 Early Human Lung | 1937 Terminal Air Passages | 1938 Human Histology

Some Recent Findings

References | Recent References


Postnatal alveoli number
Rib orientation

Alveolar Stage

  • The postnatal lung, with alveoli forming.
  • Expansion of gas exchange alveoli, vascular beds (capillaries), lymphatics and innervation.
Links: Principal stages of lung development in humans

Alveoli

  • At birth about 15% of adult alveoli number have formed
    • 20 - 50 million to in the adult about 300 million.
  • remaining subdivisions develop in the first few postnatal years
  • Alveoli Number

Respiratory Rate

  • neonatal rate is higher (30-60 breaths/minute) than adult (12-20 breaths/minute).
    • tachypnea - (Greek, rapid breathing) an increased respiratory rate of greater than 60 breaths/minute in a quiet resting baby
Age Rate (breaths/minute)
Infant (birth - 1 year) 30 - 60
Toddler (1 - 3 years) 24 - 40
Preschool (3 - 6 years) 22 - 34
School age (6 - 12 years) 18 - 30
Adolescent (12 - 18 years) 12 - 16

Rib Orientation

Infant Rib

  • lies virtually horizontal
  • allowing diaphragmatic breathing only.

Adult Rib

  • lies oblique (both anterior and lateral views)
  • allows for both pump-handle and bucket handle types of inspiration.

References


Reviews

<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed>1</pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed>

Articles

<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed>

Search PubMed

Search Pubmed: PostnatalTract Development |

Terms

Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Respiratory System - Postnatal. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Respiratory_System_-_Postnatal

What Links Here?
© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G