Neural Exam Movies: Difference between revisions
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[[File:WHO_motor_development_milestones.jpg|thumb|300px|WHO motor development milestones]] | [[File:WHO_motor_development_milestones.jpg|thumb|300px|WHO motor development milestones]] | ||
Neurological development continues postnatally with both growth and reorganization of the central nervous system. The amount of simple physical growth is shown by the skeletal flexibility designed around the brain and spinal cord, which allows continued postnatal growth of these structures. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently identified early postnatal motor skill development in terms of "motor milestones"<ref><pubmed>16817682</pubmed> | [http://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/motor_milestones/en/index.html World Health Organization - Motor development milestones]</ref>, this was released along with new international growth charts. | Neurological development continues postnatally with both growth and reorganization of the central nervous system. The amount of simple physical growth is shown by the skeletal flexibility designed around the brain and spinal cord, which allows continued postnatal growth of these structures. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently identified early postnatal motor skill development in terms of "motor milestones"<ref><pubmed>16817682</pubmed> | [http://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/motor_milestones/en/index.html World Health Organization - Motor development milestones]</ref>, this was released along with new international growth charts. | ||
The following movies demonstrate normal and abnormal postnatal neurological development assessment procedures. | The following movies demonstrate normal and abnormal postnatal neurological development assessment procedures. | ||
The newborn neuromuscular system can be initially assessed by 6 quick tests (posture, square window, arm recoil, popliteal angle, scarf sign and heel to ear). Later developmental assessment includes behaviour, reflexes (primitive and postural), muscular tone, and motor (gross, fine, co-ordination). This is examined in the newborn, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and at 30 months of age. There are several primitive reflexes (rooting, sucking reflexes, Moro, grasp) that change (are repressed) with development of the central nervous system. | The newborn neuromuscular system can be initially assessed by 6 quick tests (posture, square window, arm recoil, popliteal angle, scarf sign and heel to ear). Later developmental assessment includes behaviour, reflexes (primitive and postural), muscular tone, and motor (gross, fine, co-ordination). This is examined in the newborn, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and at 30 months of age. There are several primitive reflexes (rooting, sucking reflexes, Moro, grasp) that change (are repressed) with development of the central nervous system. | ||
These movies were designed by PD Larsen and SS Stensaas, Utah School of Medicine. | |||
{{Neural Links}} | |||
==Some Recent Findings== | |||
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* '''Distinct locomotor precursors in newborn babies'''{{#pmid:32284405|PMID32284405}} It is commonly thought that human locomotor development stems from a single precursor behavior, consisting of alternating flexor–extensor movements, such as kicking or stepping on ground. According to this view, kicking and stepping are identical movement patterns generated by the same neural mechanisms. Here we show that the neuromuscular modules of neonatal kicking and stepping are different, presumably related to different neural mechanisms. Kicking involves an adult-like number of temporal activation patterns, whose association with specific sets of muscles varies across movements. Ground-stepping involves a limited number of activation patterns, each associated with a stable muscle synergy. Since neonatal kicking and ground-stepping seem to anticipate subsequent developmental changes of locomotion in human babies, they might represent distinct locomotor antecedents." | |||
==Newborn== | ==Newborn== |
Revision as of 08:43, 20 May 2020
Embryology - 25 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Educational Use Only - Embryology is an educational resource for learning concepts in embryological development, no clinical information is provided and content should not be used for any other purpose. |
Introduction
Neurological development continues postnatally with both growth and reorganization of the central nervous system. The amount of simple physical growth is shown by the skeletal flexibility designed around the brain and spinal cord, which allows continued postnatal growth of these structures. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently identified early postnatal motor skill development in terms of "motor milestones"[1], this was released along with new international growth charts.
The following movies demonstrate normal and abnormal postnatal neurological development assessment procedures.
The newborn neuromuscular system can be initially assessed by 6 quick tests (posture, square window, arm recoil, popliteal angle, scarf sign and heel to ear). Later developmental assessment includes behaviour, reflexes (primitive and postural), muscular tone, and motor (gross, fine, co-ordination). This is examined in the newborn, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and at 30 months of age. There are several primitive reflexes (rooting, sucking reflexes, Moro, grasp) that change (are repressed) with development of the central nervous system.
These movies were designed by PD Larsen and SS Stensaas, Utah School of Medicine.
Some Recent Findings
Newborn
Newborn Behaviour
Newborn Tone
Newborn Positions
Newborn Reflexes
Newborn Head
Newborn AbnormalNewborn Abnormal Links: behaviour | cranial nerves | Newborn Tone - resting posture | upper extremity | arm traction | arm recoil | scarf sign | hand position | lower extremity | leg traction | leg recoil | popliteal angle | heel to ear | neck tone | head lag | head control | Newborn Positions - prone | ventral suspension | vertical suspension | Newborn Reflexes - deep tendon reflexes | plantar reflex | suck, root | Moro | Galant | stepping | grasp | Newborn Head - head shape and sutures | head circumference Newborn Behaviour
Newborn Tone
Newborn Positions
Newborn Reflexes
Newborn Head
3 Months Normal
3 Month Behaviour
3 Month Tone
3 Month Positions
3 Month Reflexes
6 Months NormalThese videos require relabelling before release.
12 Months Normal
18 Months Normal
30 Months Normal
References
ArticlesHillairet de Boisferon A, Tift AH, Minar NJ & Lewkowicz DJ. (2018). The redeployment of attention to the mouth of a talking face during the second year of life. J Exp Child Psychol , 172, 189-200. PMID: 29627481 DOI.
Glossary Links
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Neural Exam Movies. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Neural_Exam_Movies
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