Mouse Knockout: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 10:08, 23 June 2011

Introduction

The mouse (taxon-mus) has always been a good embryological model, generating easily (litters 8-20) and quickly (21d). Mouse embryology really expanded when molecular biologists used mice for gene knockouts. The term "knockout mouse" is a mouse where researchers have inactivated, or "knocked out," an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA. Currently there is a scientific drive to establish a knockout for all known mouse genes, and new technologies allow both "conditional knockouts" and "knockins".

Now it is necessary to understand development, in order to understand the effect of knocking out these gene.

mouse | original page

Mouse Stages: E1 | E2.5 | E3.0 | E3.5 | E4.5 | E5.0 | E5.5 | E6.0 | E7.0 | E7.5 | E8.0 | E8.5 | E9.0 | E9.5 | E10 | E10.5 | E11 | E11.5 | E12 | E12.5 | E13 | E13.5 | E14 | E14.5 | E15 | E15.5 | E16 | E16.5 | E17 | E17.5 | E18 | E18.5 | E19 | E20 | Timeline | About timed pregnancy

Species Embryonic Comparison Timeline

Carnegie

Stage

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Human

Days

1

2-3

4-5

5-6

20

22

24

28

30

33

36

40

42

44

48

52

54

55

58

Mouse

Days

1

2

3

E10

E11

E12

E13

E14

E15

E16

Rat

Days

1

3.5

4-5

5

6

7.5

8.5

9

10.5

11

11.5

12

12.5

13

13.5

14

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

Note these Carnegie stages are only approximate day timings for average of embryos. Links: Carnegie Stage Comparison

Table References
Human O'Rahilly R. (1979). Early human development and the chief sources of information on staged human embryos. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. , 9, 273-80. PMID: 400868 Otis EM and Brent R. Equivalent ages in mouse and human embryos. (1954) Anat Rec. 120(1):33-63. PMID 13207763 Mouse Theiler K. The House Mouse: Atlas of Mouse Development (1972, 1989) Springer-Verlag, NY. Online OTIS EM & BRENT R. (1954). Equivalent ages in mouse and human embryos. Anat. Rec. , 120, 33-63. PMID: 13207763 Rat Witschi E. Rat Development. In: Growth Including Reproduction and Morphological Development. (1962) Altman PL. and Dittmer DS. ed. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington DC, pp. 304-314. Pérez-Cano FJ, Franch À, Castellote C & Castell M. (2012). The suckling rat as a model for immunonutrition studies in early life. Clin. Dev. Immunol. , 2012, 537310. PMID: 22899949 DOI.

Some Recent Findings

Mouse E14.5 from transcriptome atlas^[1]

A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function^[2] "Gene targeting in embryonic stem cells has become the principal technology for manipulation of the mouse genome, offering unrivalled accuracy in allele design and access to conditional mutagenesis. To bring these advantages to the wider research community, large-scale mouse knockout programmes are producing a permanent resource of targeted mutations in all protein-coding genes. Here we report the establishment of a high-throughput gene-targeting pipeline for the generation of reporter-tagged, conditional alleles. Computational allele design, 96-well modular vector construction and high-efficiency gene-targeting strategies have been combined to mutate genes on an unprecedented scale. So far, more than 12,000 vectors and 9,000 conditional targeted alleles have been produced in highly germline-competent C57BL/6N embryonic stem cells. High-throughput genome engineering highlighted by this study is broadly applicable to rat and human stem cells and provides a foundation for future genome-wide efforts aimed at deciphering the function of all genes encoded by the mammalian genome."

Mouse Gene Knockouts Listed according to the Name of the Gene

List from bioscience.org mouse gene knockouts http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/alphabet.htm

Jnk3

Oxytocin

WT-1

XPA
XPC

External Links

External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.

NIH - The Knockout Mouse ProjectGenome.gov | The Knockout Mouse Project] (KOMP) is a trans-National Institutes of Health (NIH) initiative that aims to generate a comprehensive and public

Historic Embryology
1897 Pig \| 1900 Chicken \| 1901 Lungfish \| 1904 Sand Lizard \| 1905 Rabbit \| 1906 Deer \| 1907 Tarsiers \| 1908 Human \| 1909 Northern Lapwing \| 1909 South American and African Lungfish \| 1910 Salamander \| 1951 Frog \| Embryology History \| Historic Disclaimer

Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Mouse Knockout. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Mouse_Knockout

What Links Here?

↑ <pubmed>21267068</pubmed>| PLoS Biol. | Eurexpress transcriptome atlas
↑ <pubmed>21677750</pubmed>

[PMID21267068-1] <pubmed>21267068</pubmed>| PLoS Biol. | Eurexpress transcriptome atlas

[PMID21677750-2] <pubmed>21677750</pubmed>

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 == Introduction ==
 [[File:Mouse E0-E5.jpg|thumb]]
-The mouse (taxon-''mus'') has always been a good embryological model, generating easily (litters 8-20) and quickly (21d). Mouse embryology really expanded when molecular biologists used mice for gene knockouts. Suddenly it was necessary to understand development in order to understand the effect of knocking out the gene. There are over 450 different strains of inbred research mice, and these strains have recently been organized into a chart. While being an ideal model organism, only a relatively small amount (1.5%) of the total mouse genome has been sequenced. Those interested in the mouse reproductive cycle should also look at the mouse estrous cycle.
+The mouse (taxon-''mus'') has always been a good embryological model, generating easily (litters 8-20) and quickly (21d). Mouse embryology really expanded when molecular biologists used mice for gene knockouts. The term "knockout mouse" is a mouse where researchers have inactivated, or "knocked out," an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA. Currently there is a scientific drive to establish a knockout for all known mouse genes, and new technologies allow both "conditional knockouts" and "knockins".
+:''Now it is necessary to understand development, in order to understand the effect of knocking out these gene.''
-There are several systems for staging mouse development. The original and most widely used is the Theiler Stages system, which divides mouse development into 26 prenatal and 2 postnatal stages. <ref name="The House Mouse">The House Mouse: Atlas of Mouse Development''' by Theiler Springer-Verlag, NY (1972, 1989). | [http://genex.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/Atlas/Theiler_book_download.html online book]</ref>
 {{Template:Mouse}} | [http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/OtherEmb/Mouse.htm original page]
 {{Template:Mouse E days}}
 == Some Recent Findings ==
 [[File:Mouse E14.5 gene expression.jpg|thumb|Mouse E14.5 from transcriptome atlas<ref name="PMID21267068"><pubmed>21267068</pubmed>|  [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000582 PLoS Biol.] | [http://www.eurexpress.org Eurexpress transcriptome atlas]</ref>]]