Mouse Development

Introduction

The mouse (taxon-mus) has always been a good embryological model, easy to generate (litters 8-20) and quick (21d) (More? [mouse1.htm Mouse Stages] and [mouse4.htm Mouse Timeline]). Mouse embryology really expanded when molecular biologists used mice for gene knockouts, suddenly you had to understand about development in order to understand the effect of knocking out the gene (More? see [../DNA/DNA6.htm KnockoutList]). There are over 450 different strains of inbred research mice, and this has recently been organized into a chart (More? [#Genealogy Rat Genealogy]). While being an ideal model organism, only a relatively small amount (1.5%) of the total mouse genome sequenced (More? see [#Genome Seq Mouse Genome Sequencing]). Those interested in the mouse reproductive cycle, should also look at the [mouse2.htm Mouse Estrous Cycle]

Carnegie Stages Comparison

Data For Carnegie Stages Comparison Graph (Species/Days)														(All Species Data)
Species	Stage	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23
Human	Days	20	22	24	28	30	33	36	40	42	44	48	52	54	55	58
Mouse	Days	9	9.5	10	10.5	11	11.5	12	12.5	13	13.5	14	14.5	15	15.5	16
Rat	Days	10.5	11	11.5	12	12.5	13	13.5	14	14.5	15	15.5	16	16.5	17	17.5

References

Human - O'Rahilly, Early human development and the chief source of information on staged human embryos. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynec. Reprod. Biol. 9 p273 (1979)

Mouse - Theiler, The house mouse. Springer-Verlag, NY (1972)

Rat - Witschi, Growth. Altman and Dittmer (ed), Fed. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington (1962)

Reference for Staging the Mouse Embryo

Staging of gastrulating mouse embryos by morphological landmarks in the dissecting microscope. Downs KM, Davies T Development 1993 Aug;118(4):1255-66 PubMed Entry | Development Article

"We describe and illustrate a set of morphological landmarks for classifying mouse embryos by gross morphology from before gastrulation to the beginning of organogenesis. These landmarks are visible at the resolution of the dissecting microscope in embryos that are intact except for reflexion of Reichert's membrane. Adoption of these criteria should facilitate interpretation of both the expression patterns of genes and the consequences of experimental manipulation of embryos during early postimplantation development."

The Mouse its Reproduction and Development Rugh, R. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1990)

Demonstration of the E12.5 mouse embryo cardiovascular system. (lateral and dorsal views) placental vessels in the first image (on right of embryo).

Mouse Knockouts

Knowledge about mouse development has rapidly expanded as it has become the model animal system for genetic "knock out " studies. This technology actually requires development of defined breeding programs, pseudo-pregnancy, in vitro fertilization, molecular biology, and good old fashioned histology. Without understanding normal development the molecular biologists don't stand a hope of understanding what their gene knock out has done. There is a database of all existing mouse knockouts and their consequences.

Murine Development Control Genes

Kessel, M. and Gruss, P. Science 249 374-379 (1990)

An early review of the genes, and method of identifying them, involved in early mouse development. In particular discusses Homeobox genes. (homeobox is 183bp encoding a 61 amino acid DNA-binding domain)

Gene families
- Hox
- Pax
- POU

The Genealogy Chart of Inbred Strains

This chart shows the origins and relationships of inbred mouse strains. The chart is available as a PDF document [../pdf/mouse_genealogy.pdf Locally] or from JAX Labs and was originally published by Beck etal., 2000.

Beck JA, Lloyd S, Hafezparast M, Lennon-Pierce M, Eppig JT, Festing MF, Fisher EM. Genealogies of mouse inbred strains. Nat Genet. 2000 Jan;24(1):23-5.

Mouse Genome Sequencing

Mouse Genome (17 August 2001)

Finished Sequence- 47.6 Mb,1.5 % of genome
Draft Sequence- 375 Mb, 11.7 % of genome
See also Breakdown by chromosome

(More? see external Link- Mouse Genome Sequencing)

Mouse Internet Links

Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 19) Embryology Mouse Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Mouse_Development

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