Molecular Development - microRNA

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Introduction

Micro RNA (miRNA) are 22 nucleotide non-coding RNAs. These small pieces of RNA have been identified as important negative regulators in both development and adult cell processes involving gene expression.


Molecular Links: molecular | genetics | epigenetics | mitosis | meiosis | X Inactivation | Signaling | Factors | Mouse Knockout | microRNA | Mechanisms | Developmental Enhancers | Protein | Genetic Abnormal | Category:Molecular

Some Recent Findings

Bovine GIT miRNA expression[1]
  • Potential Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in the Development of Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract during Early Life[1] "This study aimed to investigate the potential regulatory role of miRNAs in the development of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) during the early life of dairy calves. Rumen and small intestinal (mid-jejunum and ileum) tissue samples were collected from newborn (30 min after birth; n = 3), 7-day-old (n = 6), 21-day-old (n = 6), and 42-day-old (n = 6) dairy calves. The miRNA profiling was performed using Illumina RNA-sequencing and the temporal and regional differentially expressed miRNAs were further validated using qRT-PCR. ...The present study revealed temporal and regional changes in miRNA expression and a correlation between miRNA expression and microbial population in the GIT during the early life, which provides further evidence for another mechanism by which host-microbial interactions play a role in regulating gut development."
  • A survey of small RNAs in human sperm[2] "Bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of multiple classes of small RNAs in human spermatozoa. The primary classes resolved included microRNA (miRNAs) (≈7%), Piwi-interacting piRNAs (≈17%), repeat-associated small RNAs (≈65%). A minor subset of short RNAs within the transcription start site/promoter fraction (≈11%) frames the histone promoter-associated regions enriched in genes of early embryonic development. These have been termed quiescent RNAs. CONCLUSIONS A complex population of male derived sncRNAs that are available for delivery upon fertilization was revealed. Sperm miRNA-targeted enrichment in the human oocyte is consistent with their role as modifiers of early post-fertilization. The relative abundance of piRNAs and repeat-associated RNAs suggests that they may assume a role in confrontation and consolidation. This may ensure the compatibility of the genomes at fertilisation."

Functional miRNA Grouping

The following identifies microRNAs that have been identified with specific developmental processes, based upon a commercial collation of basic research data.

Pluripotency

  • let-7a, let-7b, let-7c, let-7d, let-7e, let-7g, miR-101, miR-106b, miR-125b, miR-130a, miR-133b, miR-141, miR-15a, miR-17, miR-182, miR-183, miR-18a, miR-18b, miR-205, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-21, miR-214, miR-22, miR-222, miR-23b, miR-24, miR-302a, miR-302c, miR-345, miR-424, miR-498, miR-518b, miR-520g.

Early Development

  • Embryoid Bodies: miR-132, miR-181a, miR-9.
  • Definitive Endoderm: miR-205, miR-375.

Ectoderm

  • Neurological Development: let-7b, miR-103a, miR-106b, miR-10b, miR-124, miR-125b, miR-130a, miR-132, miR-134, miR-137, miR-16, miR-181a, miR-182, miR-183, miR-20a, miR-210, miR-219-5p, miR-22, miR-23b, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-302a, miR-302c, miR-7, miR-9, miR-96.
  • Eye Development: miR-130a, miR-196a, miR-219-5p, miR-23b, miR-96.
  • Epidermal Differentiation: let-7b, miR-205, miR-210, miR-23b, miR-26a.
  • Inner Ear Development: miR-182, miR-183, miR-96.

Mesoderm

  • Hematopoiesis: let-7e, miR-125a-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-223.
  • T Cell Development: let-7a, let-7f, miR-106b, miR-142-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-150, miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-181a, miR-20a, miR-222, miR-26a.
  • Erythropoiesis: let-7a, let-7b, let-7c, let-7d, let-7f, let-7g, let-7i, miR-126, miR-128a, miR-137, miR-155, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-17, miR-181a, miR-182, miR-185, miR-206, miR-21, miR-22, miR-222, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-96.
  • Lymphopoiesis: let-7b, miR-125b, miR-128a, miR-16, miR-181a, miR-21, miR-24.
  • Megakaryopoiesis: miR-106b, miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-122, miR-126, miR-127-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-134, miR-146a, miR-150, miR-155, miR-17, miR-18a, miR-192, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-21, miR-22, miR-301a, miR-33a, miR-378, miR-92a, miR-93.
  • Monocyte Differentiation: miR-155, miR-222, miR-424.
  • Myelopoiesis: miR-103a, miR-128a, miR-17, miR-181a, miR-24.
  • Angiogenesis: miR-126, miR-130a, miR-218, miR-222, miR-92a.
  • Myogenesis: miR-1, miR-125b, miR-206, miR-26a.
  • Osteogenesis: miR-141, miR-15b, miR-424.
  • Adipogenesis: let-7b, let-7c, let-7e, miR-100, miR-101, miR-103a, miR-10b, miR-146b-5p, miR-155, miR-182, miR-192, miR-194, miR-196a, miR-21, miR-210, miR-214, miR-22, miR-24, miR-498, miR-96, miR-99a.
  • Chondrogenesis: let-7f, miR-1, miR-132, miR-181a, miR-196a, miR-96, miR-99a.
  • Heart Development: miR-1, miR-208, miR-488.

Endoderm

  • Liver Development: let-7a, let-7b, let-7c, miR-10a, miR-122, miR-125b, miR-192, miR-21, miR-22, miR-23b, miR-92a, miR-99a.
  • Pancreatic Development: miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-195, miR-214, miR-375, miR-7, miR-9.
  • Intestinal Development: let-7d, let-7e, miR-103a, miR-106b, miR-125b, miR-126, miR-130a, miR-141, miR-146b-5p, miR-17, miR-192, miR-194, miR-21, miR-215, miR-301a, miR-424.


Data: SABiosciences Cell Differentiation & Development miRNA PCR Array

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 <pubmed>24682221</pubmed>| PLoS One.
  2. <pubmed>21989093</pubmed>

Reviews

<pubmed>21850044</pubmed> <pubmed>21742789</pubmed> <pubmed>21576351</pubmed> <pubmed>21504869</pubmed> <pubmed>21486922</pubmed> <pubmed>19148191</pubmed>

Articles

<pubmed>18029362</pubmed>| Nucleic Acids Res. <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed>


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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Molecular Development - microRNA. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Molecular_Development_-_microRNA

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