Mesoderm Quiz: Difference between revisions

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Here are a few simple questions that relate to mesoderm development. Take the quiz and see what you know, if you get some wrong, try working through through the [[2009_Lecture_5|Embryology Lecture on Mesoderm]].
[[File:Logo-quizz.gif|right]]Here are a few simple questions that relate to mesoderm development. Take the quiz and see what you know, if you get some wrong, try working through through the embryology [[Lecture - Mesoderm Development|Mesoderm Lecture]] before you try this quiz.


==Take the Quiz==
==Take the Quiz==
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{Mesenchyme refers to the middle layer of the trilaminar embryo  
{Mesenchyme refers to the middle layer of the trilaminar embryo  
| type="()"}
| type="()"}
- true
-   true
+ false
+   false
||<br>The  the middle layer of the trilaminar embryo is the [[M#mesoderm|mesoderm]] (meaning middle layer), while most of these cells are [[M#mesenchyme|mesemchymal]] in appearance, this term is used to describe the cell histological appearance/organization.
||<br>The  the middle layer of the trilaminar embryo is the [[M#mesoderm|mesoderm]] (meaning middle layer), while most of these cells are [[M#mesenchyme|mesemchymal]] in appearance, this term is used to describe the cell histological appearance/organization.


{The intraembryonic coelom forms within :
{The intraembryonic coelom forms within :
|type="()"}
|type="()"}
- somites
- &nbsp; somites
+ lateral plate
+ &nbsp; lateral plate
- neural tube
- &nbsp; neural tube
- intermediate mesoderm
- &nbsp; intermediate mesoderm
||<br>The [[I#intraembryonic_coelom|intraembryonic coelom]] forms initially small spaces  in the mesoderm layer and coalesce to form a single large "horseshoe-shaped" space within the '''lateral plate mesoderm''' around the embryonic disc. Both young somites ([[S#somitocoel|somitocoels]]) and the neural tube (neural tube lumen) do have cavities, but neither is called the intraembryonic coelom. Note that in early development the intraembryonic coelom opens at places on the edge of the embryonic disc to the extraembryonic coelom.
||<br>The [[I#intraembryonic_coelom|intraembryonic coelom]] forms initially small spaces  in the mesoderm layer and coalesce to form a single large "horseshoe-shaped" space within the '''lateral plate mesoderm''' around the embryonic disc. Both young somites ([[S#somitocoel|somitocoels]]) and the neural tube (neural tube lumen) do have cavities, but neither is called the intraembryonic coelom. Note that in early development the intraembryonic coelom opens at places on the edge of the embryonic disc to the extraembryonic coelom.
{Somites are developmental structures that contribute the following adult structures :
|type="()"}
- &nbsp; vertebra, notochord, dermis, skeletal muscle
+ &nbsp; vertebra, intervertebral discs, dermis, skeletal muscle
- &nbsp; kidney, body wall connective tissue, sensory ganglia
- &nbsp; kidney, gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle, mesentery
||<br>Each somite has specific regions that contribute different components of the embryo. Sclerotome contributes the vertebral column ('''vertebra, intervertebral discs'''). Dermotome contributes the connective tissue layers of the skin ('''dermis''', hypodermis). Myotome ontributes the '''skeletal muscle''' of the body and limbs.


{All paraxial mesoderm segments into somites.
{All paraxial mesoderm segments into somites.
|type="()"}
|type="()"}
- true
- &nbsp; true
+ false
+ &nbsp; false
||<br>While somites do form within [[P#paraxial_mesoderm|paraxial mesoderm]], this region remains unsegmented at the level of the head and therefore does not incorporate into [[S#somite|somites]].
||<br>While somites do form within [[P#paraxial_mesoderm|paraxial mesoderm]], this region remains unsegmented at the level of the head and therefore does not incorporate into [[S#somite|somites]].


{Somites are developmental structures that contribute the following adult structures :
|type="()"}
- vertebra, notochord, dermis, skeletal muscle
+ vertebra, intervertebral discs, dermis, skeletal muscle
- kidney, body wall connective tissue, sensory ganglia
- kidney, gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle, mesentry
||<br>Each somite has specific regions that contribute different components of the embryo. Sclerotome contributes the vertebral column ('''vertebra, intervertebral discs'''). Dermotome contributes the connective tissue layers of the skin ('''dermis''', hypodermis). Myotome ontributes the '''skeletal muscle''' of the body and limbs.


{Which of the following statements about somites is/are correct:
{Which of the following statements about somites is/are correct:
|type="[]"}
|type="[]"}
+ Differentiate a covering epithelium in their early stages.
+ &nbsp; Differentiate a covering epithelium in their early stages.
- Somites contribute the body wall osteogenic, chrondrogenic and fibrogenic cells.
- &nbsp; Somites contribute the body wall osteogenic, chrondrogenic and fibrogenic cells.
+ Contribute to a single vertebral level body and the intervertebral disc.
+ &nbsp; Contribute to a single vertebral level body and the intervertebral disc.
- Myotomes contribute the smooth muscle associated with the gastrointestinal tract wall.
- &nbsp; Myotomes contribute the smooth muscle associated with the gastrointestinal tract wall.
||<br>Paraxial mesoderm forming the early somite does initially form a transient epithelial layer that covers each somite. This layer breakdown with later development, allowing the somite components to disperse. The sclerotome component of each somite pair engulf the left and right side of the notochord forming the entire axial column, that includes the vertebra and intervertebral disc (from each somite). Somatic not somitic mesoderm forms the body wall osteogenic, chrondrogenic and fibrogenic cells. Don't mix up somatic/somitic. You may have had to think about this as the dermatome, forming the dermis and fibrogenic cells, does mix with somatic mesoderm later in development, but does not contribute either osteogenic or chrondrogenic cells. Myotomes contribute the skeletal muscle not smooth muscle. The GIT smooth muscle comes from splanchnic mesoderm.
||<br>Paraxial mesoderm forming the early somite does initially form a '''transient epithelial layer''' that covers each somite. This layer breakdown with later development, allowing the somite components to disperse. The sclerotome component of each somite pair engulf the left and right side of the notochord '''forming the entire axial column''', that includes the vertebra and intervertebral disc (from each somite). '''Somatic not somitic mesoderm''' forms the body wall osteogenic, chrondrogenic and fibrogenic cells. Don't mix up somatic/somitic. You may have had to think about this as the dermatome, forming the dermis and fibrogenic cells, does mix with somatic mesoderm later in development, but does not contribute either osteogenic or chrondrogenic cells. Myotomes contribute the '''skeletal muscle not smooth muscle'''. The GIT smooth muscle comes from splanchnic mesoderm.
</quiz>
</quiz>



Latest revision as of 10:58, 19 August 2016

Logo-quizz.gif

Here are a few simple questions that relate to mesoderm development. Take the quiz and see what you know, if you get some wrong, try working through through the embryology Mesoderm Lecture before you try this quiz.

Take the Quiz

1 Mesenchyme refers to the middle layer of the trilaminar embryo

  true
  false

2 The intraembryonic coelom forms within :

  somites
  lateral plate
  neural tube
  intermediate mesoderm

3 Somites are developmental structures that contribute the following adult structures :

  vertebra, notochord, dermis, skeletal muscle
  vertebra, intervertebral discs, dermis, skeletal muscle
  kidney, body wall connective tissue, sensory ganglia
  kidney, gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle, mesentery

4 All paraxial mesoderm segments into somites.

  true
  false

5 Which of the following statements about somites is/are correct:

  Differentiate a covering epithelium in their early stages.
  Somites contribute the body wall osteogenic, chrondrogenic and fibrogenic cells.
  Contribute to a single vertebral level body and the intervertebral disc.
  Myotomes contribute the smooth muscle associated with the gastrointestinal tract wall.


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