Mesoderm: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Trilaminar_embryo.jpg|thumb|300px|The trilaminar embryo]] | [[File:Trilaminar_embryo.jpg|thumb|300px|The trilaminar embryo]] | ||
The middle layer of the early [[T#trilaminar embryo|trilaminar embryo]] germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) formed by gastrulation. | The middle layer of the early [[T#trilaminar embryo|trilaminar embryo]] germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) formed by gastrulation. | ||
This middle germ layer forms connective tissues and muscle throughout the body, with the exception of in the head region where some of these structures have a neural crest (ectoderm) origin. | |||
* connective tissues - cartilage, bone, blood, blood vessel endothelium, dermis, etc. | |||
* muscle - cardiac, skeletal, smooth. | |||
Students often mix-up the terms mesoderm (middle layer) with mesenchyme (embryonic connective tissue). It is true that mesoderm initially does have a mesenchymal cellular organisation, but can also form a range of epithelial structures (surrounding somites, mesothelium lining of body cavities). | Students often mix-up the terms mesoderm (middle layer) with mesenchyme (embryonic connective tissue). It is true that mesoderm initially does have a mesenchymal cellular organisation, but can also form a range of epithelial structures (surrounding somites, mesothelium lining of body cavities). |
Revision as of 09:59, 24 April 2013
Introduction
The middle layer of the early trilaminar embryo germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) formed by gastrulation.
This middle germ layer forms connective tissues and muscle throughout the body, with the exception of in the head region where some of these structures have a neural crest (ectoderm) origin.
- connective tissues - cartilage, bone, blood, blood vessel endothelium, dermis, etc.
- muscle - cardiac, skeletal, smooth.
Students often mix-up the terms mesoderm (middle layer) with mesenchyme (embryonic connective tissue). It is true that mesoderm initially does have a mesenchymal cellular organisation, but can also form a range of epithelial structures (surrounding somites, mesothelium lining of body cavities).
- Mesoderm Links: Lecture - Mesoderm Development | Lecture - Musculoskeletal Development | Notochord | Development Animation - Notochord | Somitogenesis | Musculoskeletal | Sonic hedgehog | Category:Mesoderm
Some Recent Findings
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Mesoderm Formation during Gastrulation
<mediaplayer width='390' height='500' image="http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/images/b/b9/Mesoderm_001_icon.jpg">File:Mesoderm_001.mp4</mediaplayer> | This animation shows the migration of mesoderm throughout the embryonic disc during gastrulation.
The pink arrows show how mesodermal cells spread out between the ectoderm and endoderm layers, forming the third layer of the trilaminar embryo. Axial process - the arrow running from the primitive node upward is the axial process which will later form the notochord. There are only 2 regions where mesoderm is not found: buccopharyngeal membrane and cloacal membrane.
Prechordal plate - lies above the buccopharyngeal membrane and is the cardiogenic mesoderm, that will form the heart. |
- Links: Gastrulation
Patterning
Neural tube patterning | Somite patterning |
Molecular Factors
References
Reviews
<pubmed>20568241</pubmed>
<pubmed>17705304</pubmed>
Articles
<pubmed>21159819</pubmed> <pubmed>20565707</pubmed> <pubmed>7956820</pubmed>
Historic
<pubmed>17104422</pubmed>
Search PubMed
Search NLM Online Textbooks: "Mesoderm" : Developmental Biology | The Cell- A molecular Approach | Molecular Biology of the Cell | Endocrinology
Search Pubmed: Mesoderm | Notochord
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
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Glossary Links
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 24) Embryology Mesoderm. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Mesoderm
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G