Integumentary System - Gland Development

From Embryology
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Introduction

The secretory glands associated with the integumentary system have similar embryonic origins and mechanisms of development, though are specialised by their locations and secretions. A key process and feature of all gland development is an epithelial-mesenchymal interaction(s). Gland secretion can also be regulated by a number of different mechanisms, including endocrine changes postnatally at puberty and during pregnancy.

The mammary gland development is covered in detail on a separate notes page.

Integumentary Links: integumentary | Lecture | hair | tooth | nail | integumentary gland | mammary gland | vernix caseosa | melanocyte | touch | Eyelid | outer ear | Histology | integumentary abnormalities | Category:Integumentary
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Hair Links: Overview | Lanugo | Neonatal | Vellus | Terminal | Hair Follicle | Follicle Phases | Stem Cells | Molecular | Pattern | Puberty | Histology | Hair Colour | Arrector Pili Muscle | Hair Loss | Integumentary
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Touch Links: Touch Receptors | Touch Pathway | Pacinian Corpuscle | Meissner's Corpuscle | Merkel Cell | Sensory Modalities | Neural Crest Development | Neural System Development | Student project | Integumentary | Sensory System
Historic Embryology - Integumentary  
1906 Papillary ridges | 1910 Manual of Human Embryology | 1914 Integumentary | 1923 Head Subcutaneous Plexus | 1921 Text-Book of Embryology | 1924 Developmental Anatomy | 1941 Skin Sensory | Historic Disclaimer
Tinycc  
http://tiny.cc/Integument_Development

Some Recent Findings

  • Characterization of the correlation between ages at entry into breast and pubic hair development [1] "Among 3938 participants, estimated mean ages at entry into Tanner stage 2 for breast and pubic hair development were 10.19 and 10.95, respectively."

Textbooks

  • Human Embryology (2nd ed.) Larson Chapter 14 p443-455
  • The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology (6th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapter 20: P513-529
  • Before We Are Born (5th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapter 21: P481-496
  • Essentials of Human Embryology Larson Chapter 14: P303-315
  • Human Embryology, Fitzgerald and Fitzgerald
  • Color Atlas of Clinical Embryology Moore Persaud and Shiota Chapter 15: p231-236

Development of Glands

  • 2 main types - sweat and sebaceous
  • both ectodermal in origin
  • form as ingrowth of ectoderm into the mesoderm

Sweat Gland

  • mostly eccrine some apocrine
  • apocrine in axilla, pubic and nipple regions
    • see also mammary gland development

Sebaceous Gland

  • associated with hair development
  • except plans penis and labia minora
  • these glands secrete vernix


Vernix Caseosa

(vernix, Latin, vernix = varnish, caseous = cheese=like] term describing a coating formed on the fetal skin surface by: secreted sebum, cells sloughed off the fetus's skin, and shed lanugo hair.

The coating also has a high water content (80%) largely compartmentalized within fetal corneocytes (cells forming the stratum corneum).

This coating develops intially in a cranio-caudal direction and can be absent in preterm infants.

Some functions include:

  • protection of the fetal skin from extraembryonic fluids amnion, urine
  • providing a slippery surface helps with parturition (birth)
  • acting as a biofilm barrier against infection

Abnormalities

References

  1. <pubmed>20382343</pubmed>


Journals

Reviews

<pubmed>20565255</pubmed> <pubmed>20484386</pubmed> <pubmed>19889198</pubmed> <pubmed>19020961</pubmed>

Articles

<pubmed>20689821</pubmed> <pubmed>20584313</pubmed> <pubmed>20552032</pubmed>| PLoS One.

Search PubMed

Search Pubmed: Epithelial Gland Development | Sweat Gland Development | Sebaceous Gland Development | Eccrine Gland Development | Apocrine Gland Development

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Integumentary System - Gland Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Integumentary_System_-_Gland_Development

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G