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'''Sabin''', Florence Rena. 1871-1953 American anatomist; studied development of blood, lymphatics & blood vessels. | |||
'''sac '''L. ''saccus '' = sack, bag, from G. ''sakkos ''. | |||
'''saccule''' L. ''sacculus '' = a little bag, a purse; 1. smaller of two sacs of membranous labyrinth of inner ear, 2. saccule of larynx. | |||
'''salivary '''L. ''saliva '' = spittle. | |||
'''salpinx '''G. = a trumpet; the uterine tube. | |||
'''Santorini''',''' '''Giovanni Domenico. 1681-1737 Venice anatomist; pupil of Malpighi;''' '''caruncula of S. = orifice of accessory pancreatic duct into duodenhum;''' '''duct of S. = accessory pancreatic duct; superior nasal concha. | |||
'''Sappey''', Marie-Philibert-Constant. 1810-1896 Paris anatomist;''' '''S.'s plexus = plexus of lymphatic vessels in areola of breast (caput medusae); para-umbilical veins. | |||
'''sarcolemma''' G. ''sarkos '' = flesh + ''lemma '' = rind, husk; plasma membrane plus basement membrane of a single muscle cell. | |||
'''sarcomere''' G. " + ''meros '' = a part; repeating unit (segment) of myofibril from one Z-disc to the next. | |||
'''sarcoplasm''' G. " + ''plasma '' = a thing formed; cytoplasm of a muscle cell. | |||
'''sarcoplasmic reticulum '''endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell. | |||
'''satellite cell '''modified neurilemmal (Schwann) cells which surround a cell soma in a ganglion. | |||
'''Sattler''',''' '''Hubert. 1844-1928 Austrian ophthalmologist;''' '''S.'s layer = elastic lamina in the tunica vasculosa of choroid. | |||
'''scala''' '''(-ae)''' L. = stairs, spiral staircase, from L. ''scandere '' = to climb; any one of three spiral passages of cochlea which lead to helicotrema, or to cupula. | |||
'''scala media''' G. " + L. ''medius '' = middle; spiral of middle cochlear duct lying between scala vestibuli and scala tympani, containing endolymph. | |||
'''scala tympani''' G. " + ''tympanon '' = drum; the spiralling cochlear duct below spiral lamina, containing perilymph and ending at round window near tympanic membrane. | |||
'''scala vestibuli''' G " + L. ''vestibulum '' = cavity at beginning of canal; the spiralling cochlear duct above spiral lamina, containing perilymph, beginning near the vestbule and ending where it communicates with the scala tympani at the helicotrema. | |||
'''Scarpa''',''' '''Antonio. 1747-1832 Moderna, Pavia anatomist & surgeon, pupil of Morgagni; excellent medical artist; S.'c canals = lesser incisive canals of teeth; S.'s fascia = membranous layer of superficial fascia of abdomen (1823); S.'s ganglion = vestibular ganglion. | |||
'''Schiff''', Hugo. 1834-1915 German biochemist; S.'s reagent is Basic Fuchsin bleached with sulphurous acid, used for detection of aldehydes; cf. PAS. | |||
'''Schleiden''', Matthias 1804-1881 Jena, Dorpat & Franfurt botanist; early supporter of Darwin; plant microscopist and discoverer of the universality of the cell in plant structure (1838), cf. Schwann. | |||
'''Schlemm''', Friedrich. 1795-1858 Berlin anatomist; canal of S. = sinus venosus sclerae draining aqueous humour at corneo-scleral junction of eye (1830). | |||
'''Schmidt''', Henry D. 1823-1888 New Orleans pathologist; Schmidt-Lanterman clefts in myelin sheath; internodes. | |||
'''Schneider''',''' '''Conrad Viktor. 1610-1680 Wittenberg physician; discovered location of olfactory nerve endings (1655); membrane of S. (Schneiderian membrane) = nasal mucous membrane = nasal mucosa. | |||
'''Schwalbe''',''' '''Gustav A. 1844-1916 German anatomist; S.'s ring = anterior limiting ring = limbus marking edge of cornea at termination of Descemet's membrane and anterior border of trabecular meshwork, q.v. | |||
'''Schwann''',''' '''Theodor. 1810-1882 Student of Johannes Müller in Berlin; Louvain & Liège anatomist & physiologist; discovered pepsin (1835); recognized cell is basic unit of life (1838, founder of cell theory with Schleiden, q.v.); showed bile is essential for digestion (1844); S. cells = neurilemma cells making myelin sheath; sheath of S. = neurilemma = myelin sheath (1839). | |||
'''sclera''' G. ''skleros '' = hard; tough, fibrous outer layer of eyeball. | |||
'''scrotum '''a corruption of''' '''L. ''scortum '' = a skin, hide; ''scrotum cordis '' = early term for pericardium. | |||
'''sebaceous''' adj. L. = fatty; of skin glands producing sebum. | |||
'''sebum''' L. = tallow, suet, grease; the secretion from sebaceous glands. | |||
'''secretion '''L. ''secretus '' = separated; production of materials by glandular activity. | |||
'''seminal vesicle''' L. ''seminalis '' = of seed + ''vesicula '' = a little bladder; accessory gland of male reproductive system, which does not normally contain semen, but may do so due to a post-mortem reflux. | |||
'''seminiferous''' adj. L. ''semen '' = seed + ''ferre '' = to produce; of a tubule in testis which produces spermatozoa. | |||
'''septum''' '''(-a) ''' L. ''saeptum '' = fenced in; hence, a flat partition; e.g., septum pellucidum. | |||
'''serosa''' L. ''serum '' = whey; a pale fluid; a serous membrane lining body cavities. | |||
'''serous''' adj. L. = having nature of serum. | |||
'''serratus '''L. = notched like a saw. | |||
'''Sertoli''', Enrico. 1842-1910 Milan physiologist, histologist; S. cells = sustentacular cells of seminiferous tubules. | |||
'''serum''' L. = whey (watery part of curdled milk); yellowish watery fluid remaining after blood clotting; adj. serous. | |||
'''sesamoid '''G. ''sesamoeides '' = like grains of sesame; of small bones formed inside tendons (Galen, c. 180 AD). | |||
'''Sharpey''', William. 1802-1880 London anatomist & physiologist; S.'s penetrating fibres = collagen fibres penetrating into bone from periosteum or tendon, or into dentine of tooth from periodontal membrane (1848). | |||
'''Sherrington''',''' '''Charles Scott (Sir). 1857-1952 Liverpool & Oxford physiologist; Nobel Prize (1932); dermatomes, the segmental skin fields of sensory nerves (1892). | |||
'''Shrapnell''',''' '''Henry Jones. ?-1834 military surgeon, London;''' '''S.'s membrane = flaccid part of tympanic membrane (1832). | |||
'''sinus '''L. = a hollow, a curved space; usually a larger vessel, or space, which may contain air, blood, or lymph. | |||
'''sinusoid '''L. " + G. ''-oeides '' = like; a tiny vessel with a tortuous path and many connections to similar vessels, e.g., hepatic sinusoids, bone marrow sinusoids. | |||
'''skeleton '''G. ''skeletos '' = dried. | |||
'''Skene''', Alexander Johnston Chalmers. 1838-1900 American gynecologist; S.'s glands = para-urethral glands of female (1880). | |||
'''smegma '''G. = soap; an accumulation of sebum and desquamated epithelial cells under the prepuce in the male. | |||
'''soma''' '''(-ata)''' G. = body, mortal part of body (as opposed to G. ''psyche '' = soul); cell body. | |||
'''somatic''' adj. G. " ; of cells of the body excluding cells of the viscera and sex cells. | |||
'''spermatogenesis '''G. ''sperma '' = seed + gennan = to produce; process by which sperms mature. | |||
'''spermatogonium''' '''(-ia)''' G. " + ''gone '' = generation; the immature male germ cell. | |||
'''spermatozoon''' '''(-oa)''' G. " + ''zoon '' = animal; mature male germ cell (abb. sperm). | |||
'''spermiogenesis''' process whereby spermatid is transformed to spermatozoon, the last stage of spermatogenesis. | |||
'''sphincter '''G. ''sphinkter '' = a binder, from ''sphingo '' = I strangle; a ring-like muscle controlling an aperture. | |||
'''spicule '''L. ''spiculum '' = a dart; a hard, needle-like structure, e.g., spicules of bone in cancellous bone (most spicules are lamellae). | |||
'''spinosum''' L. ''spina '' = thorn. | |||
'''spiral lamina '''a double plate (upper & lower) of thin bone projecting from modiolus into cochlear canal of bony labyrinth; site of inner attachment for basilar membrane; dendrites of cochlear nerve run between the two bony plates. | |||
'''spiral limbus = limbus of spiral lamina '''the thickened periosteum of the upper plate of the bony spiral lamina | |||
'''spleen '''L. ''splen '', or (by dropping " ''sp ''") ''lien '' = spleen. | |||
'''splenic corpuscle '''elongated mass of lymphoid tissue forming a cuff around a central artery or arteriole of the spleen. | |||
'''spongiose '''G. ''spongia '' = a sponge, e.g., corpus spongiosum. | |||
'''spongy bone '''cf. cancellous bone which has numerous interconnecting spaces. | |||
'''squamous''' adj. L. ''squama '' = scale (of a fish), a paving stone; of an epithelium with flat cells. | |||
'''stapes '''L. = a stirrup, from L. ''stare '' = to stand + ''pes '' = a foot (prior to c. 4th century AD, Greeks & Romans did not have stirrups); smallest of middle ear ossicles. | |||
'''stellate''' adj. L. ''stella '' = star; star-shaped; stellate reticulum is the pulp of the enamel organ of a developing tooth. | |||
'''Stensen (Steno)''',''' '''Niels. 1638-1686 Copenhagen anatomist; wrote extensively on anatomy in Rome; became a catholic, Bishop of Titiopolis; travelled widely; S.'s canals = greater incisive canals; S.'s duct = parotid duct. | |||
'''stereocilia''' G. ''stereos '' = solid + L. ''cilia '' = hairs; long, branching microvilli on epithelial cells of ductus epididymidis. | |||
'''stereology''' G. " + ''logos '' = study, knowledge; interpretation of three dimensional form based on study and mathematical analysis of two dimensional sections. | |||
'''steroid''' G. " + ''-oeides '' = form; sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones. | |||
'''stomach '''G. ''stomachos '' = gullet or oesophagus, from G. ''stoma '' = a mouth + ''cheo '' = I pour; lower end of the gullet; organ attached to lower end. NB. Greeks used ''gaster '' for stomach. | |||
'''stratum (-a)''' L. = layer, bed-covering, sheet; of layers in the skin: cf. basale, spinosum, germinativum, granulosum; lucidum, corneum; rete Malpighii. | |||
'''stria''' L. = a channel, a furrow, a flute in a column. | |||
'''striate cortex = '''visual part of cerebral cortex, so named because of distinct stria of Gennari, q.v. | |||
'''striated border''' L. ''striatus '' = striped; light microscopic term for the fine microvilli on intestinal absorptive cells. | |||
'''striated duct '''L. "; duct in an exocrine gland characterised by radial streaks in basal region of epithelial cells. | |||
'''stroma''' G. = a cover, table-cloth, bedding; strictly, an incorrect term for the internal supporting frame-work of a tissue, or organ, as opposed to its parenchyma. | |||
'''subcutis '''L. ''sub '' = under + ''cutis '' = skin; hypodermis = superficial fascia = tela subcutanea. | |||
'''submandibular '''adj.''' '''L. " + ''mandibula '' = jaw. | |||
'''succus entericus '''L. = juice + of the intestine. | |||
'''succus gastricus''' L. = juice + of the stomach. | |||
'''sulcus '''L. = a furrow, from ''sulcare '' = to plough. | |||
'''superciliary '''adj. L. ''super '' = above + ''cilium '' = eyelid; relating to eyebrow. | |||
'''sustentacular''' L. ''sustentaculum '' = a support, a prop; of nurse cells supporting the activity of a principal cell type. | |||
'''suture '''L. ''sutura '' = a seam (in sewing). | |||
'''Swammerdam''', Jan. 1637-1680 Dutch physician, became a melancholic and religious mystic; described blood cells (1658), valves of lymphatics (1664); constancy of muscle volume during contraction. | |||
'''Sylvius '''('''= '''François de la Boë). 1614-1672 Amsterdam & Leiden physician;''' '''aqueduct or iter of S. = cerebral aqueduct (1660); fissure of S. = lateral fissure of cerebral hemisphere (1641). | |||
'''symphysis''' G. ''syn '' = with, together + ''physis '' = growth; a growing together; a line of fusion between two bones; a type of joint where bones are separated by fibrocartilage. | |||
'''synapse''' G. ''syn '' = with, together + ''aptein '' = to touch, to join; point of contact; of junction for chemical/electrical tansmission between contiguous cells, usually neurones (Sherrington); cf. neuromuscular junction; postsynaptic membrane. | |||
'''synapsis '''G. " ; the junction of two homologous chromosomes during meiosis, to form bivalents. | |||
'''synarthrosis '''G. ''syn '' = together + ''arthrosis '' = of a joint; an immovable joint. | |||
'''synchondrosis '''G. " + ''chondros '' = gristle + ''osis '' = state of; a junction of two bones by cartilage, usually the epiphyseal disc which gradually ossifies. | |||
'''syncytiotrophoblast''' G. ''syn '' = together + ''kytos '' = hollow vessel + trophe = nourishment + ''blastos '' = germ; outer layer of epithelium covering chorionic villi of conceptus. | |||
'''syncytium''' G. ''syn '' = together + ''kytos '' = hollow vessel; a single multinucleated mass of protoplasm with many nuclei. | |||
'''syndesmosis '''G. " + ''desmos '' = bond, ligament + ''osis '' = state of; a junction of two bones by fibrous tissue, e.g., inferior tibiofibular joint. | |||
'''synostosis '''G. " + ''osteon '' = bone; junction between two bones made of bone, e.g., bones of skull after sutures are complete (c. 26 years), junction of a diaphysis with an epiphysis when growth of a long bone has ceased. | |||
'''synovia''' G. " + L. ''ovum '' = egg; like egg-white; fluid in a freely moveable joint (Paracelsus, c. 1520, first used the term for any watery fluids from any organ). | |||
'''synovial membrane '''the lining of a joint space (other than the articular cartilage) which produces synovia. | |||
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A Glossary of Histological and Micro-Anatomical Terms
| Histology Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
| Including historical origins and eponyms compiled by Dr Brian Freeman, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, revised 2000. |
| ANAT2241 Support | Histology | Histology Stains | Historic Terminology | Embryology Glossary
|
| Abbreviations: ( ) plural form in brackets, A. Arabic, abb. abbreviation, c. circa =about, F. French adj. adjective, G. Greek, Ge. German, cf. compare, L. Latin, dim. diminutive, NA. Nomina anatomica, q.v. which see, OF. Old French |
Sabin, Florence Rena. 1871-1953 American anatomist; studied development of blood, lymphatics & blood vessels.
sac L. saccus = sack, bag, from G. sakkos .
saccule L. sacculus = a little bag, a purse; 1. smaller of two sacs of membranous labyrinth of inner ear, 2. saccule of larynx.
salivary L. saliva = spittle.
salpinx G. = a trumpet; the uterine tube.
Santorini, Giovanni Domenico. 1681-1737 Venice anatomist; pupil of Malpighi; caruncula of S. = orifice of accessory pancreatic duct into duodenhum; duct of S. = accessory pancreatic duct; superior nasal concha.
Sappey, Marie-Philibert-Constant. 1810-1896 Paris anatomist; S.'s plexus = plexus of lymphatic vessels in areola of breast (caput medusae); para-umbilical veins.
sarcolemma G. sarkos = flesh + lemma = rind, husk; plasma membrane plus basement membrane of a single muscle cell.
sarcomere G. " + meros = a part; repeating unit (segment) of myofibril from one Z-disc to the next.
sarcoplasm G. " + plasma = a thing formed; cytoplasm of a muscle cell.
sarcoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell.
satellite cell modified neurilemmal (Schwann) cells which surround a cell soma in a ganglion.
Sattler, Hubert. 1844-1928 Austrian ophthalmologist; S.'s layer = elastic lamina in the tunica vasculosa of choroid.
scala (-ae) L. = stairs, spiral staircase, from L. scandere = to climb; any one of three spiral passages of cochlea which lead to helicotrema, or to cupula.
scala media G. " + L. medius = middle; spiral of middle cochlear duct lying between scala vestibuli and scala tympani, containing endolymph.
scala tympani G. " + tympanon = drum; the spiralling cochlear duct below spiral lamina, containing perilymph and ending at round window near tympanic membrane.
scala vestibuli G " + L. vestibulum = cavity at beginning of canal; the spiralling cochlear duct above spiral lamina, containing perilymph, beginning near the vestbule and ending where it communicates with the scala tympani at the helicotrema.
Scarpa, Antonio. 1747-1832 Moderna, Pavia anatomist & surgeon, pupil of Morgagni; excellent medical artist; S.'c canals = lesser incisive canals of teeth; S.'s fascia = membranous layer of superficial fascia of abdomen (1823); S.'s ganglion = vestibular ganglion.
Schiff, Hugo. 1834-1915 German biochemist; S.'s reagent is Basic Fuchsin bleached with sulphurous acid, used for detection of aldehydes; cf. PAS.
Schleiden, Matthias 1804-1881 Jena, Dorpat & Franfurt botanist; early supporter of Darwin; plant microscopist and discoverer of the universality of the cell in plant structure (1838), cf. Schwann.
Schlemm, Friedrich. 1795-1858 Berlin anatomist; canal of S. = sinus venosus sclerae draining aqueous humour at corneo-scleral junction of eye (1830).
Schmidt, Henry D. 1823-1888 New Orleans pathologist; Schmidt-Lanterman clefts in myelin sheath; internodes.
Schneider, Conrad Viktor. 1610-1680 Wittenberg physician; discovered location of olfactory nerve endings (1655); membrane of S. (Schneiderian membrane) = nasal mucous membrane = nasal mucosa.
Schwalbe, Gustav A. 1844-1916 German anatomist; S.'s ring = anterior limiting ring = limbus marking edge of cornea at termination of Descemet's membrane and anterior border of trabecular meshwork, q.v.
Schwann, Theodor. 1810-1882 Student of Johannes Müller in Berlin; Louvain & Liège anatomist & physiologist; discovered pepsin (1835); recognized cell is basic unit of life (1838, founder of cell theory with Schleiden, q.v.); showed bile is essential for digestion (1844); S. cells = neurilemma cells making myelin sheath; sheath of S. = neurilemma = myelin sheath (1839).
sclera G. skleros = hard; tough, fibrous outer layer of eyeball.
scrotum a corruption of L. scortum = a skin, hide; scrotum cordis = early term for pericardium.
sebaceous adj. L. = fatty; of skin glands producing sebum.
sebum L. = tallow, suet, grease; the secretion from sebaceous glands.
secretion L. secretus = separated; production of materials by glandular activity.
seminal vesicle L. seminalis = of seed + vesicula = a little bladder; accessory gland of male reproductive system, which does not normally contain semen, but may do so due to a post-mortem reflux.
seminiferous adj. L. semen = seed + ferre = to produce; of a tubule in testis which produces spermatozoa.
septum (-a) L. saeptum = fenced in; hence, a flat partition; e.g., septum pellucidum.
serosa L. serum = whey; a pale fluid; a serous membrane lining body cavities.
serous adj. L. = having nature of serum.
serratus L. = notched like a saw.
Sertoli, Enrico. 1842-1910 Milan physiologist, histologist; S. cells = sustentacular cells of seminiferous tubules.
serum L. = whey (watery part of curdled milk); yellowish watery fluid remaining after blood clotting; adj. serous.
sesamoid G. sesamoeides = like grains of sesame; of small bones formed inside tendons (Galen, c. 180 AD).
Sharpey, William. 1802-1880 London anatomist & physiologist; S.'s penetrating fibres = collagen fibres penetrating into bone from periosteum or tendon, or into dentine of tooth from periodontal membrane (1848).
Sherrington, Charles Scott (Sir). 1857-1952 Liverpool & Oxford physiologist; Nobel Prize (1932); dermatomes, the segmental skin fields of sensory nerves (1892).
Shrapnell, Henry Jones. ?-1834 military surgeon, London; S.'s membrane = flaccid part of tympanic membrane (1832).
sinus L. = a hollow, a curved space; usually a larger vessel, or space, which may contain air, blood, or lymph.
sinusoid L. " + G. -oeides = like; a tiny vessel with a tortuous path and many connections to similar vessels, e.g., hepatic sinusoids, bone marrow sinusoids.
skeleton G. skeletos = dried.
Skene, Alexander Johnston Chalmers. 1838-1900 American gynecologist; S.'s glands = para-urethral glands of female (1880).
smegma G. = soap; an accumulation of sebum and desquamated epithelial cells under the prepuce in the male.
soma (-ata) G. = body, mortal part of body (as opposed to G. psyche = soul); cell body.
somatic adj. G. " ; of cells of the body excluding cells of the viscera and sex cells.
spermatogenesis G. sperma = seed + gennan = to produce; process by which sperms mature.
spermatogonium (-ia) G. " + gone = generation; the immature male germ cell.
spermatozoon (-oa) G. " + zoon = animal; mature male germ cell (abb. sperm).
spermiogenesis process whereby spermatid is transformed to spermatozoon, the last stage of spermatogenesis.
sphincter G. sphinkter = a binder, from sphingo = I strangle; a ring-like muscle controlling an aperture.
spicule L. spiculum = a dart; a hard, needle-like structure, e.g., spicules of bone in cancellous bone (most spicules are lamellae).
spinosum L. spina = thorn.
spiral lamina a double plate (upper & lower) of thin bone projecting from modiolus into cochlear canal of bony labyrinth; site of inner attachment for basilar membrane; dendrites of cochlear nerve run between the two bony plates.
spiral limbus = limbus of spiral lamina the thickened periosteum of the upper plate of the bony spiral lamina
spleen L. splen , or (by dropping " sp ") lien = spleen.
splenic corpuscle elongated mass of lymphoid tissue forming a cuff around a central artery or arteriole of the spleen.
spongiose G. spongia = a sponge, e.g., corpus spongiosum.
spongy bone cf. cancellous bone which has numerous interconnecting spaces.
squamous adj. L. squama = scale (of a fish), a paving stone; of an epithelium with flat cells.
stapes L. = a stirrup, from L. stare = to stand + pes = a foot (prior to c. 4th century AD, Greeks & Romans did not have stirrups); smallest of middle ear ossicles.
stellate adj. L. stella = star; star-shaped; stellate reticulum is the pulp of the enamel organ of a developing tooth.
Stensen (Steno), Niels. 1638-1686 Copenhagen anatomist; wrote extensively on anatomy in Rome; became a catholic, Bishop of Titiopolis; travelled widely; S.'s canals = greater incisive canals; S.'s duct = parotid duct.
stereocilia G. stereos = solid + L. cilia = hairs; long, branching microvilli on epithelial cells of ductus epididymidis.
stereology G. " + logos = study, knowledge; interpretation of three dimensional form based on study and mathematical analysis of two dimensional sections.
steroid G. " + -oeides = form; sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones.
stomach G. stomachos = gullet or oesophagus, from G. stoma = a mouth + cheo = I pour; lower end of the gullet; organ attached to lower end. NB. Greeks used gaster for stomach.
stratum (-a) L. = layer, bed-covering, sheet; of layers in the skin: cf. basale, spinosum, germinativum, granulosum; lucidum, corneum; rete Malpighii.
stria L. = a channel, a furrow, a flute in a column.
striate cortex = visual part of cerebral cortex, so named because of distinct stria of Gennari, q.v.
striated border L. striatus = striped; light microscopic term for the fine microvilli on intestinal absorptive cells.
striated duct L. "; duct in an exocrine gland characterised by radial streaks in basal region of epithelial cells.
stroma G. = a cover, table-cloth, bedding; strictly, an incorrect term for the internal supporting frame-work of a tissue, or organ, as opposed to its parenchyma.
subcutis L. sub = under + cutis = skin; hypodermis = superficial fascia = tela subcutanea.
submandibular adj. L. " + mandibula = jaw.
succus entericus L. = juice + of the intestine.
succus gastricus L. = juice + of the stomach.
sulcus L. = a furrow, from sulcare = to plough.
superciliary adj. L. super = above + cilium = eyelid; relating to eyebrow.
sustentacular L. sustentaculum = a support, a prop; of nurse cells supporting the activity of a principal cell type.
suture L. sutura = a seam (in sewing).
Swammerdam, Jan. 1637-1680 Dutch physician, became a melancholic and religious mystic; described blood cells (1658), valves of lymphatics (1664); constancy of muscle volume during contraction.
Sylvius (= François de la Boë). 1614-1672 Amsterdam & Leiden physician; aqueduct or iter of S. = cerebral aqueduct (1660); fissure of S. = lateral fissure of cerebral hemisphere (1641).
symphysis G. syn = with, together + physis = growth; a growing together; a line of fusion between two bones; a type of joint where bones are separated by fibrocartilage.
synapse G. syn = with, together + aptein = to touch, to join; point of contact; of junction for chemical/electrical tansmission between contiguous cells, usually neurones (Sherrington); cf. neuromuscular junction; postsynaptic membrane.
synapsis G. " ; the junction of two homologous chromosomes during meiosis, to form bivalents.
synarthrosis G. syn = together + arthrosis = of a joint; an immovable joint.
synchondrosis G. " + chondros = gristle + osis = state of; a junction of two bones by cartilage, usually the epiphyseal disc which gradually ossifies.
syncytiotrophoblast G. syn = together + kytos = hollow vessel + trophe = nourishment + blastos = germ; outer layer of epithelium covering chorionic villi of conceptus.
syncytium G. syn = together + kytos = hollow vessel; a single multinucleated mass of protoplasm with many nuclei.
syndesmosis G. " + desmos = bond, ligament + osis = state of; a junction of two bones by fibrous tissue, e.g., inferior tibiofibular joint.
synostosis G. " + osteon = bone; junction between two bones made of bone, e.g., bones of skull after sutures are complete (c. 26 years), junction of a diaphysis with an epiphysis when growth of a long bone has ceased.
synovia G. " + L. ovum = egg; like egg-white; fluid in a freely moveable joint (Paracelsus, c. 1520, first used the term for any watery fluids from any organ).
synovial membrane the lining of a joint space (other than the articular cartilage) which produces synovia.
- Histology Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ANAT2241 Support | Histology | Histology Stains | Embryology Glossary
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 16) Embryology Histology Glossary - S. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Histology_Glossary_-_S
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
