Genetics - Chromosome 7: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 11:12, 3 May 2020

Introduction

7
Nucleus structure cartoon 01.jpg Chromatin Structure.png
Chromosome territories (interphase) Chromosome (Chromatin) structure (mitosis)


Human Chromosomes: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | X | Y  

Some Recent Findings

  • Maintenance of Mest imprinted methylation in blastocyst-stage mouse embryos is less stable than other imprinted loci following superovulation or embryo culture[1] "Assisted reproductive technologies are fertility treatments used by subfertile couples to conceive their biological child. Although generally considered safe, these pregnancies have been linked to genomic imprinting disorders, including Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell Syndromes. Silver-Russell Syndrome is a growth disorder characterized by pre- and post-natal growth retardation. The Mest imprinted domain is one candidate region on chromosome 7 implicated in Silver-Russell Syndrome. We have previously shown that maintenance of imprinted methylation was disrupted by superovulation or embryo culture during pre-implantation mouse development. For superovulation, this disruption did not originate in oogenesis as a methylation acquisition defect. However, in comparison to other genes, Mest exhibits late methylation acquisition kinetics, possibly making Mest more vulnerable to perturbation by environmental insult. In this study, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of superovulation and in vitro culture on genomic imprinting at the Mest gene. Superovulation resulted in disruption of imprinted methylation at the maternal Mest allele in blastocysts with an equal frequency of embryos having methylation errors following low or high hormone treatment. This disruption was not due to a failure of imprinted methylation acquisition at Mest in oocytes. For cultured embryos, both the Fast and Slow culture groups experienced a significant loss of maternal Mest methylation compared to in vivo-derived controls. This loss of methylation was independent of development rates in culture. These results indicate that Mest is more susceptible to imprinted methylation maintenance errors compared to other imprinted genes." Epigenetics
More recent papers  
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Search term: Chromosome 7


Development Genes

WNT

Table - Human Wnt Family
Approved
Symbol
Approved Name Previous
Symbols
Synonyms Chromosome
WNT2 Wnt family member 2 INT1L1 IRP 7q31.2
WNT16 Wnt family member 16 7q31.31
    Links: Developmental Signals - Wnt | OMIM Wnt1 | HGNC | Bmp Family | Fgf Family | Pax Family | R-spondin Family | Sox Family | Tbx Family | Wnt Family
Human WNT Family  
Table - Human Wnt Family
Approved
Symbol
Approved Name Previous
Symbols
Synonyms Chromosome
WNT1 Wnt family member 1 INT1 12q13.12
WNT2 Wnt family member 2 INT1L1 IRP 7q31.2
WNT2B Wnt family member 2B WNT13 XWNT2 1p13.2
WNT3 Wnt family member 3 INT4 "MGC131950, MGC138321, MGC138323" 17q21.31-q21.32
WNT3A Wnt family member 3A 1q42.13
WNT4 Wnt family member 4 WNT-4 1p36.12
WNT5A Wnt family member 5A hWNT5A 3p14.3
WNT5B Wnt family member 5B 12p13.33
WNT6 Wnt family member 6 2q35
WNT7A Wnt family member 7A 3p25.1
WNT7B Wnt family member 7B 22q13.31
WNT8A Wnt family member 8A WNT8D 5q31.2
WNT8B Wnt family member 8B 10q24.31
WNT9A Wnt family member 9A WNT14 1q42.13
WNT9B Wnt family member 9B WNT15 WNT14B 17q21.32
WNT10A Wnt family member 10A 2q35
WNT10B Wnt family member 10B "WNT-12, SHFM6" 12q13.12
WNT11 Wnt family member 11 11q13.5
WNT16 Wnt family member 16 7q31.31
    Links: Developmental Signals - Wnt | OMIM Wnt1 | HGNC | Bmp Family | Fgf Family | Pax Family | R-spondin Family | Sox Family | Tbx Family | Wnt Family
Human Chromosomes: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | X | Y  

Abnormality Genes

  • triphalangeal thumb anomaly has been mapped to chromosome region 7q36 and caused by point mutations in the ZPA regulatory sequence (ZRS) which is a long-range cis-regulator for the SHH gene.[2][3]
  • Monosomy 7q11.23, 7q11.23 deletion) Williams Syndrome (WS) is characterized by cardiovascular disease (elastin arteriopathy, peripheral pulmonary stenosis, supravalvular aortic stenosis, hypertension), distinctive facies, connective tissue abnormalities, mental retardation (usually mild), a specific cognitive profile, unique personality characteristics, growth abnormalities, and endocrine abnormalities (hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hypothyroidism, and early puberty).

External Links

External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.


Human Chromosomes: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | X | Y  
Idiogram Chromosome Banding - The term refers to the light and dark pattern, seen after staining with a dye, of individual chromosomes identified in metaphase. It is only in meiosis and mitosis during metaphase that chromosomes can be easily identified, during the normal cell life (interphase) the chromosomes are unravelled and distributed within the nucleus in chromosome territories. A band is that part of a chromosome which is clearly distinguishable from nearby regions by appearing darker or brighter with one or more banding techniques.
Human Idiogram: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | X | Y
Genetic abnormality locations: 1-4 | 5-8 | 9-12 | 13-16 | 17-20 | 21-XY | sSMC
Inheritance Pattern images: Genetic Abnormalities | autosomal dominant | autosomal recessive | X-linked dominant (affected father) | X-Linked dominant (affected mother) | X-Linked recessive (affected father) | X-Linked recessive (carrier mother) | mitochondrial inheritance | Codominant inheritance | Genogram symbols | Genetics
Links: Genetics | Abnormal Development - Genetic

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 23) Embryology Genetics - Chromosome 7. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Genetics_-_Chromosome_7

What Links Here?
© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G



Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 23) Embryology Genetics - Chromosome 7. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Genetics_-_Chromosome_7

What Links Here?
© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
  1. Velker BAM, Denomme MM, Krafty RT & Mann MRW. (2017). Maintenance ofMestimprinted methylation in blastocyst-stage mouse embryos is less stable than other imprinted loci following superovulation or embryo culture. Environ Epigenet , 3, dvx015. PMID: 29492315 DOI.
  2. Sun M, Ma F, Zeng X, Liu Q, Zhao XL, Wu FX, Wu GP, Zhang ZF, Gu B, Zhao YF, Tian SH, Lin B, Kong XY, Zhang XL, Yang W, Lo WH & Zhang X. (2008). Triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome and syndactyly type IV are caused by genomic duplications involving the long range, limb-specific SHH enhancer. J. Med. Genet. , 45, 589-95. PMID: 18417549 DOI.
  3. Potuijt JWP, Baas M, Sukenik-Halevy R, Douben H, Nguyen P, Venter DJ, Gallagher R, Swagemakers SM, Hovius SER, van Nieuwenhoven CA, Galjaard RH, van der Spek PJ, Ahituv N & de Klein A. (2018). A point mutation in the pre-ZRS disrupts sonic hedgehog expression in the limb bud and results in triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome. Genet. Med. , , . PMID: 29543231 DOI.