Fly Development

From Embryology
Fly animation.gif

Introduction

Scanning EM of adult fly head

This page introduces the fly, drosophila, as a developmental model organism. The small drosophila fruitfly has been used by genetisists for many years now and much is now understood about its development in relation to gene expression and regulatory mechanisms.

In recent years, using developmental mutants, many mechanisms of development in the fly have been shown to be almost identical to those seen in humans and other animals. In fact, these developmental mechanisms have become the "paradigm" for our understanding of development.

The fruitfly (drosophila) was and is the traditional geneticist's tool. It has been transformed to an magnificent tool for the embryologist, with many developmental mechanisms being uncovered in this system combined with homolgy gene searches in other species.

2009 ANAT2341 Group Project - Fly

Taxon

melanogaster group

Taxonomy Id: 32346 Rank: species group

Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 5 Lineage( abbreviated ): Eukaryota; Metazoa; Arthropoda; Tracheata; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila


Hox Genes

Fly wild-type head.jpg Fly antennapedia head.jpg
Fly wild-type head Fly antennapedia mutant head

This is the classic mutation that gave rise to the discovery of Hox genes and other genes related to body pattern formation. In this mutant during development the fly embryo incorrectly positioned where antenna should have be, two legs (pedia). The discovery of this mutant in Walter Gehring's lab opened up the field of developmental genes and this field has been rewarded (1995) with a Nobel prize in Medicine.

References


Journals

Developmental Dynamics

Journal of Neurobiology

Online Textbooks

Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th Edn) Alberts, Bruce; Johnson, Alexander; Lewis, Julian; Raff, Martin; Roberts, Keith; Walter, Peter. New York: Garland Publishing; 2002.

Developmental Biology (6th Edn) Gilbert, Scott F. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates, Inc.; c2000.

Search NLM Online Textbooks- "drosophila development" : Molecular Biology of the Cell | Molecular Cell Biology | The Cell- A molecular Approach

Reviews

Articles

Search PubMed

Search Aug2005 "drosophila development" 13228 reference articles of which 1899 were reviews.

Search Pubmed: fly development | drosophila development

External Links

Databases

There are a number of excellent internet resources for Fly development.

Flybase - A Database of the Drosophila Genome http://flybase.bio.indiana.edu/

The Interactive Fly - looks at genes and development http://www.sdbonline.org/fly/aimain/1aahome.htm

This site is very well organized and allows an exploration of the molecular mechanisms of development. Remember that this is where molecular mammalian embryology all started through homology.

Flybrain - An Online Atlas and Database of the Drosophila Nervous System

http://flybrain.neurobio.arizona.edu/

FlyServer - A Drosophila Image Database and A Drosophila Multimedia Database

http://pbio07.uni-muenster.de/

Fly Pages

Development of Drosophila - by Katherine Plewes, Becky Wong and Leon W. Browder http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/eduweb/virtualembryo/flies.html

BIO 114 Virtual Fly - lntroductory Biology Lab course at the WKU Glasgow extended campus http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/Biol114/Vfly1.asp

Chapter 13A: Drosophila Development - Kenyon College http://biology.kenyon.edu/courses/biol114/Chap13/Chapter_13A.html

Note: The dynamic nature of the web means that some Links over time change, it the above links no longer function search the web using thefirst bold term.



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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Fly Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Fly_Development

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G