File:Streeter1922-01-02.jpg: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
No edit summary
Line 8: Line 8:
===Terms===
===Terms===


* Anthelix - The rounded brim of the concha, from which the secondary part of the. auricle flares out as the scapha-helix. (See fig. 2.)  
* '''Anthelix''' - The rounded brim of the concha, from which the secondary part of the. auricle flares out as the scapha-helix. (See fig. 2.)  
* Antitragus - The thickened ventral rim of the concha, situated between the incisura intertragica and the anthelix. Apparently a part of the closure mechanism.  
* '''Antitragus''' - The thickened ventral rim of the concha, situated between the incisura intertragica and the anthelix. Apparently a part of the closure mechanism.  
* Cavitas conchas - see Concha.
* Cavitas conchas - see Concha.
* Concha - The shell-shaped primary part of the auricle immediately surrounding the meatus. As previously used, the term included only the cymba  
* '''Concha''' - The shell-shaped primary part of the auricle immediately surrounding the meatus. As previously used, the term included only the cymba  
conchas and the cavitas concha?. In this paper I have extended the term to include also what has been known as the fossa triangularis. The contour of the concha thus is outlined by the tragus, incisura intertragica, antitragus, anthelix, and crus helicis.  
conchas and the cavitas concha?. In this paper I have extended the term to include also what has been known as the fossa triangularis. The contour of the concha thus is outlined by the tragus, incisura intertragica, antitragus, anthelix, and crus helicis.  
* Crus helicis - Formerly restricted to the horizontal portion of the helix, forming a transverse ridge in the floor of the concha. In this paper the term is extended to include all that part of the helix derived from the mandibular arch. (See fig. 2.) It constitutes the lateral free edge of the pars articularis concha?, differing in structure and development from the remainder of the helix.  
* '''Crus helicis''' - Formerly restricted to the horizontal portion of the helix, forming a transverse ridge in the floor of the concha. In this paper the term is extended to include all that part of the helix derived from the mandibular arch. (See fig. 2.) It constitutes the lateral free edge of the pars articularis concha?, differing in structure and development from the remainder of the helix.  
* Darwin's tubercle - See Tuberculum auricula.
* Darwin's tubercle - See Tuberculum auricula.
* Eminentia articularis inferior - See Eminentia articularis superior, formerly known as eminentia concha.
* '''Eminentia articularis inferior''' - See Eminentia articularis superior, formerly known as eminentia concha.
* Eminentia articularis superior - Same as eminentia fossae triangularis. The pars articularis of the concha, as viewed from the median side, presents two eminences which constitute the chief area of contact of the auricle with the skull. In this paper these are designated, respectively, eminentia articularis superior and eminentia articularis inferior. (See fig. 1.) The groove between them is the sulcus corresponding to the plica principalis.  
* '''Eminentia articularis superior''' - Same as eminentia fossae triangularis. The pars articularis of the concha, as viewed from the median side, presents two eminences which constitute the chief area of contact of the auricle with the skull. In this paper these are designated, respectively, eminentia articularis superior and eminentia articularis inferior. (See fig. 1.) The groove between them is the sulcus corresponding to the plica principalis.  
* Fossa angularis - [His]. Name applied to the first branchial cleft when modified by the formation of the auricular hillocks, five of which form a plump ring around it.  
* Fossa angularis - [His]. Name applied to the first branchial cleft when modified by the formation of the auricular hillocks, five of which form a plump ring around it.  
* Fossa articularis inferior - Same as cymba concha. See Fossa articularis superior.  
* '''Fossa articularis inferior''' - Same as cymba concha. See Fossa articularis superior.  
* Fossa articularis superior - Same as fossa triangularis. When the pars articularis concha? is viewed from the lateral side, its floor presents two fossa? (superior and inferior) separated by the plica principalis. (See fig. 2.)  
* '''Fossa articularis superior''' - Same as fossa triangularis. When the pars articularis concha? is viewed from the lateral side, its floor presents two fossa? (superior and inferior) separated by the plica principalis. (See fig. 2.)  
* Fossa conchae - [Hammar]. Essentially the same as fossa angularis.  
* Fossa conchae - [Hammar]. Essentially the same as fossa angularis.  
* Free ear-fold - or freien Ohrfalte [Schwalbe]. The ridge representing first appearance of definitive auricle. Same as helix hyoidalis [Gradenigo], cauda helicis [His], or primitive scapha [Henneberg].  
* Free ear-fold - or freien Ohrfalte [Schwalbe]. The ridge representing first appearance of definitive auricle. Same as helix hyoidalis [Gradenigo], cauda helicis [His], or primitive scapha [Henneberg].  
* Helix - In adult man the rolled-in margin of the auricle, when viewed as a whole from the lateral side, resembles in outline a coiled spring and on this account it was termed helix. Included under it are parts that are quite different, both embryologically and structurally. Furthermore, it is not applicable to the auricle of other animals. If the term scapha be used for all of the auricle peripheral to the anthelix, and the term helix used for the rolled edge of the scapha, where this occurs, the difficulty is then largely removed. It is so used in this paper, and under scapha-helix will be designated only those parts of the secondary auricle derived from the hyoid arch. The crus helicis is a different structure. The lobulus auricula? is a part of the secondary auricle and bears a similar relation to the concha as does the scapha. (See fig. 2.)  
* '''Helix''' - In adult man the rolled-in margin of the auricle, when viewed as a whole from the lateral side, resembles in outline a coiled spring and on this account it was termed helix. Included under it are parts that are quite different, both embryologically and structurally. Furthermore, it is not applicable to the auricle of other animals. If the term scapha be used for all of the auricle peripheral to the anthelix, and the term helix used for the rolled edge of the scapha, where this occurs, the difficulty is then largely removed. It is so used in this paper, and under scapha-helix will be designated only those parts of the secondary auricle derived from the hyoid arch. The crus helicis is a different structure. The lobulus auricula? is a part of the secondary auricle and bears a similar relation to the concha as does the scapha. (See fig. 2.)  
* Plica principalis - [Boas]. Equivalent to crus inferius anthelicis. Introduced because it is more accurately applied, particularly to the auricle of mammals other than man.  
* '''Lobulus auriculae''' - The free edge of the auricle below the antitragus continuous with the scapha helix. See Helix.
* Spina helicis - Cartilaginous process extending forward from the pars articularis concha?. (See fig. 1.) It is not in reality a part of the helix. It is supposed that this structure is enlarged and becomes detached in some mammals to form the scutulum.  
* '''Plica principalis''' - [Boas]. Equivalent to crus inferius anthelicis. Introduced because it is more accurately applied, particularly to the auricle of mammals other than man.
* Tragus - The thickened margin of the anterior wall of the concha, situated between the incisura intertragica and the crus helicis. Regarded as a part of the closure mechanism.  
* '''Scapha''' - Concave surface of the free portion of the auricle lying between the anthelix and the helix. Term applied by Henneberg to the entire free auricle from the anthelix to the free border. He applies the term helix to the unwrinkled border of the scapha.
* '''Spina helicis''' - Cartilaginous process extending forward from the pars articularis concha?. (See fig. 1.) It is not in reality a part of the helix. It is supposed that this structure is enlarged and becomes detached in some mammals to form the scutulum.  
* '''Tragus''' - The thickened margin of the anterior wall of the concha, situated between the incisura intertragica and the crus helicis. Regarded as a part of the closure mechanism.  
* Tuberculum anthelicis - [His]. Auricular hillock No. 4.  
* Tuberculum anthelicis - [His]. Auricular hillock No. 4.  
* Tuberculum intermedius - [His]. Auricular hillock No. 3, the one at the top of the first branchial Cleft.  
* Tuberculum intermedius - [His]. Auricular hillock No. 3, the one at the top of the first branchial Cleft.  

Revision as of 10:10, 28 January 2013

Figs. 1 and 2. Human adult auricle, illustrating terminology used in this paper

In figure 1 the auricular cartilage is viewed from the median side, thus showing the two eminences which constitute its main area of contact with the skull.

In figure 2 can be seen the cavities (fossae articulares) of these eminences and the plica principalis projecting between them as a strengthening ridge.


Terms

  • Anthelix - The rounded brim of the concha, from which the secondary part of the. auricle flares out as the scapha-helix. (See fig. 2.)
  • Antitragus - The thickened ventral rim of the concha, situated between the incisura intertragica and the anthelix. Apparently a part of the closure mechanism.
  • Cavitas conchas - see Concha.
  • Concha - The shell-shaped primary part of the auricle immediately surrounding the meatus. As previously used, the term included only the cymba

conchas and the cavitas concha?. In this paper I have extended the term to include also what has been known as the fossa triangularis. The contour of the concha thus is outlined by the tragus, incisura intertragica, antitragus, anthelix, and crus helicis.

  • Crus helicis - Formerly restricted to the horizontal portion of the helix, forming a transverse ridge in the floor of the concha. In this paper the term is extended to include all that part of the helix derived from the mandibular arch. (See fig. 2.) It constitutes the lateral free edge of the pars articularis concha?, differing in structure and development from the remainder of the helix.
  • Darwin's tubercle - See Tuberculum auricula.
  • Eminentia articularis inferior - See Eminentia articularis superior, formerly known as eminentia concha.
  • Eminentia articularis superior - Same as eminentia fossae triangularis. The pars articularis of the concha, as viewed from the median side, presents two eminences which constitute the chief area of contact of the auricle with the skull. In this paper these are designated, respectively, eminentia articularis superior and eminentia articularis inferior. (See fig. 1.) The groove between them is the sulcus corresponding to the plica principalis.
  • Fossa angularis - [His]. Name applied to the first branchial cleft when modified by the formation of the auricular hillocks, five of which form a plump ring around it.
  • Fossa articularis inferior - Same as cymba concha. See Fossa articularis superior.
  • Fossa articularis superior - Same as fossa triangularis. When the pars articularis concha? is viewed from the lateral side, its floor presents two fossa? (superior and inferior) separated by the plica principalis. (See fig. 2.)
  • Fossa conchae - [Hammar]. Essentially the same as fossa angularis.
  • Free ear-fold - or freien Ohrfalte [Schwalbe]. The ridge representing first appearance of definitive auricle. Same as helix hyoidalis [Gradenigo], cauda helicis [His], or primitive scapha [Henneberg].
  • Helix - In adult man the rolled-in margin of the auricle, when viewed as a whole from the lateral side, resembles in outline a coiled spring and on this account it was termed helix. Included under it are parts that are quite different, both embryologically and structurally. Furthermore, it is not applicable to the auricle of other animals. If the term scapha be used for all of the auricle peripheral to the anthelix, and the term helix used for the rolled edge of the scapha, where this occurs, the difficulty is then largely removed. It is so used in this paper, and under scapha-helix will be designated only those parts of the secondary auricle derived from the hyoid arch. The crus helicis is a different structure. The lobulus auricula? is a part of the secondary auricle and bears a similar relation to the concha as does the scapha. (See fig. 2.)
  • Lobulus auriculae - The free edge of the auricle below the antitragus continuous with the scapha helix. See Helix.
  • Plica principalis - [Boas]. Equivalent to crus inferius anthelicis. Introduced because it is more accurately applied, particularly to the auricle of mammals other than man.
  • Scapha - Concave surface of the free portion of the auricle lying between the anthelix and the helix. Term applied by Henneberg to the entire free auricle from the anthelix to the free border. He applies the term helix to the unwrinkled border of the scapha.
  • Spina helicis - Cartilaginous process extending forward from the pars articularis concha?. (See fig. 1.) It is not in reality a part of the helix. It is supposed that this structure is enlarged and becomes detached in some mammals to form the scutulum.
  • Tragus - The thickened margin of the anterior wall of the concha, situated between the incisura intertragica and the crus helicis. Regarded as a part of the closure mechanism.
  • Tuberculum anthelicis - [His]. Auricular hillock No. 4.
  • Tuberculum intermedius - [His]. Auricular hillock No. 3, the one at the top of the first branchial Cleft.



In-text Figures: Figure 1 and 2 | Figure 3 and 4 | Figure 5 | Figure 6 and 7 | Figure 8 | Text | Glossary
Plates: Plate 1 | Plate 2 | Plate 3 | Plate 4 | Plate 5 | Plate 6 | Plates | Glossary
Figures: 1. Auricle cartilage | 2. External ear | 3. Agnathia | 4. Agnathia+cyclopia | 6. Auricular cartilage embryo 21, 32 and 43 mm | 7. Auricular cartilage 50 mm fetus | 9. Embryo 6 mm | 10. Embryo 12 mm | 11. Embryo 14 mm | 12. Embryo 18 mm | 13. Embryo 1380, 5 mm | 14. Embryo 1767, 11 mm | 15. Embryo 1461, 10 mm | 16. Embryo 562, 13 mm | 17. Embryo 1232, 14 mm | 18. Embryo 475, 15 mm | 19. Embryo 899, 13 mm | 20. Embryo 434, 15 mm | 21. Embryo 492, 16.8 mm | 22. Embryo 576, 17 mm | 23. Embryo 547, 18 mm | 24. Embryo 955, 17 mm | 25. Embryo 1584, 18 mm | 26. Embryo 1134e, 21.3 mm | 27. Embryo 1358b, 33.2 mm | 28. Embryo 1535, 28 mm | 29. Embryo 2163, 36 mm | 30. Embryo 1980, 37 mm | 31. Embryo 1840a, 38.5 mm | 32. Embryo 2075, 40 mm | 33. Embryo 2144, 45.5 mm | 34. Embryo 642, 49 mm | 35. Embryo 2170, 50 mm | 36. Embryo 2095, 52 mm | 37. Embryo 2095, 52 mm | 38. Embryo 2066, 53 mm | 39. Embryo 2079, 56.5 mm. | 40. Embryo 1561, 57 mm | 41. Embryo 218, 62.5 mm. (R.) | 42. Embryo 1724, 66.2 mm | 43. Embryo 2328, 65 mm | 44. Embryo 2118, 69 mm | 45. Embryo 981, 85 mm | 46. Embryo 1845, 87 mm | 47. Embryo 1449, 87.3 mm | 48. Embryo 2003, 103.5 mm | 49. Embryo 1858, 100 mm | 50. Embryo 2274, 113 mm | 51. Embryo 2185, 113.5 mm. | 52. Embryo 9526, 114 mm. | 53. Embryo 1811, 114 mm | 54. Embryo 1716, 119 mm. Fig. 59. 1742, 191.2 mm | 55. Embryo 19576, 119 mm. | 56. Embryo 1782, 135.6 mm | 57. Embryo 1702, 150 mm | 58. Embryo 1708, 154 mm | 59. Embryo 1742, 191.2 mm | Figures


Related Notes: Outer Ear Development | Carnegie Contributions to Embryology

Reference

Streeter GL. Development of the auricle in the human embryo. (1922) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 277, Contrib. Embryol., 14: 111-138.



Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Streeter1922-01-02.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Streeter1922-01-02.jpg

What Links Here?
© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G


Historic Disclaimer - information about historic embryology pages 
Mark Hill.jpg
Pages where the terms "Historic" (textbooks, papers, people, recommendations) appear on this site, and sections within pages where this disclaimer appears, indicate that the content and scientific understanding are specific to the time of publication. This means that while some scientific descriptions are still accurate, the terminology and interpretation of the developmental mechanisms reflect the understanding at the time of original publication and those of the preceding periods, these terms, interpretations and recommendations may not reflect our current scientific understanding.     (More? Embryology History | Historic Embryology Papers)

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current12:42, 27 January 2013Thumbnail for version as of 12:42, 27 January 20131,200 × 668 (134 KB)Z8600021 (talk | contribs)
00:13, 28 March 2011Thumbnail for version as of 00:13, 28 March 2011977 × 539 (94 KB)S8600021 (talk | contribs){{Streeter1922}} {{Template:Historic Disclaimer}} Category:Human Category:Hearing