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==Neutrophil==
==Neutrophil==
* neutrophil granulocyte or polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN).
* neutrophil granulocyte or polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN).
* most common leukocyte in blood smears, about 60% neutrophils (50% - 70%)
* most common leukocyte in blood smears, about 60% neutrophils (50% - 70%)
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* contain two types of granules stain only weakly if they are at all visible ("neutral").
* contain two types of granules stain only weakly if they are at all visible ("neutral").


{|
|
===Granules===
===Granules===
* primary granules (A granules)
* primary granules (A granules)
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** contain enzymes with strong bactericidal actions
** contain enzymes with strong bactericidal actions
** these granules stain only weakly if they are at all visible ("neutral").
** these granules stain only weakly if they are at all visible ("neutral").
 
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===Functions===
===Functions===


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** participate in allergic skin reactions.
** participate in allergic skin reactions.
** improper activation may also lead to tissue damage during an autoimmune or exaggerated inflammatory reaction
** improper activation may also lead to tissue damage during an autoimmune or exaggerated inflammatory reaction
|}


{{Neutrophil model links}}




{{Blood Histology}}
{{Blood Histology}}




Latest revision as of 09:04, 6 March 2015

Neutrophil

  • neutrophil granulocyte or polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN).
  • most common leukocyte in blood smears, about 60% neutrophils (50% - 70%)
  • nucleus is divided into 3-5 lobes connected by thin strands of chromatin.
  • lobe number increases with cell age (old cells up to 7 lobes).
  • contain two types of granules stain only weakly if they are at all visible ("neutral").

Granules

  • primary granules (A granules)
    • contain lysosomal enzymes and are probably primary lysosomes.
    • larger (0.4 µm) than the typical primary lysosome.
  • secondary granules (B granules)
    • the specific granules of the neutrophils
    • contain enzymes with strong bactericidal actions
    • these granules stain only weakly if they are at all visible ("neutral").

Functions

  • neutrophils locate and eliminate pathogens (bacterial and fungal) and regulate immunity and inflammation.
  • ability to release neutrophil extracellular traps.
  • Newly identified roles PMID 23825232
    • proposed to participate in protection against intracellular pathogens (viruses and mycobacteria).
    • involved in adaptive immune response.
    • mediate alternative pathway of systemic anaphylaxis
    • participate in allergic skin reactions.
    • improper activation may also lead to tissue damage during an autoimmune or exaggerated inflammatory reaction


Immune Links: Neutrophil classical model | Neutrophil novel model | image - neutrophil histology | Immune System Development


Blood Histology: Blood Development | Blood Cell Number Table | Lymphocyte 1 | Lymphocyte 2 | Lymphocyte 3 | Lymphocyte 4 | Monocyte 1 | Monocyte 2 | Monocyte 3 | Monocyte 4 | Neutrophils 1 | Neutrophil 2 | Neutrophil 3 | Neutrophil 4 | Eosinophil 1 | Eosinophil 2 | labeled Neutrophil and Eosinophil | unlabeled - Neutrophil and Eosinophil | Basophil 1 | Basophil 2 | Basophil 3 | Platelet 1 | Platelet 2 | Reticulocyte | Megakaryocyte | Movie | Bone Marrow Histology | Category:Blood
Blood Cells  
Adult human blood cell numbers shown in the table below is for reference purposes.

Blood Cell Numbers

The adult ranges of cells / 1 litre (l), total blood volume is about 4.7 to 5 litres. Blood Development | Blood Histology

Red Blood Cells

  • Male: 4.32 - 5.66 x 1012/l
  • Female: 3.88 - 4.99 x 1012/l

Leukocytes (white blood cells)

  • Male: 3.7 - 9.5 x 109/l
  • Female: 3.9 - 11.1 x 109/l

Granulocytes

  • 1.8 - 8.9 x 109/l
    • Neutrophils: 1.5 - 7.4 x 109/l
    • Eosinophils: 0.02 - 0.67 x 109/l
    • Basophils: 0 - 0.13 x 109/l

Non-Granulocytes

  • Monocytes 0.21 - 0.92 x 109/l

Lymphocytes

  • 1.1 - 3.5 x 109/l
    • B-cells: 0.06 - 0.66 x 109/l
    • T-cells: 0.77 - 2.68 x 109/l
      • CD4+: 0.53 - 1.76 x 109/l
      • CD8+: 0.30 - 1.03 x 109/l
    • NK cells: 0.20 - 0.40 x 109/l

Platelets

  • 140 - 440 x 109/l
    • not a cell, a cell fragment.



Links: Histology | Histology Stains | Blue Histology images copyright Lutz Slomianka 1998-2009. The literary and artistic works on the original Blue Histology website may be reproduced, adapted, published and distributed for non-commercial purposes. See also the page Histology Stains.

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 19) Embryology Neutrophil 01.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Neutrophil_01.jpg

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G

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