File:Head and heart muscle cartoon.jpg: Difference between revisions

Head and Heart Muscle

The head includes at least six different muscle groups, all arising from the cardiopharyngeal field and being branchiomeric, except the hypobranchial and perhaps the extraocular muscles. On the left side of the body (right part of figure) the facial expression muscles have been removed to show the masticatory muscles.

The six groups are:

1. first/mandibular arch muscles, including cells clonally related to the right ventricle
2. left second/hyoid arch muscles related to myocardium at the base of the pulmonary trunk
3. right second/hyoid arch muscles, related to myocardium at the base of the aorta
4. muscles of the most posterior pharyngeal arches, including muscles of the pharynx and larynx and the cucullaris-derived neck muscles trapezius and sternocleidomastoideus
5. extraocular muscles, which are often not considered to be branchiomeric, but according to classic embryological studies and recent retrospective clonal analyses in mice contain cells related to those of the branchiomeric mandibular muscles
6. hypobranchial muscles, including tongue and infrahyoid muscles that derive from somites and migrate into the head and neck

Reference

Diogo R, Kelly RG, Christiaen L, Levine M, Ziermann JM, Molnar JL, Noden DM & Tzahor E. (2015). A new heart for a new head in vertebrate cardiopharyngeal evolution. Nature , 520, 466-73. PMID: 25903628 DOI.

Copyright

Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: [NATURE] (doi:10.1038/nature14435), copyright (2015)

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 18) Embryology Head and heart muscle cartoon.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Head_and_heart_muscle_cartoon.jpg

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