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Fetal Blood Flow

Mean flows in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI.

left - Mean flows in ml/kg/min
right - Proportions of the combined ventricular output in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI.

Ascending aorta (AAo),

main pulmonary artery (MPA), ductus arteriosus (DA), pulmonary blood flow (PBF), descending aorta (DAo), umbilical artery (UA), umbilical vein (UV), inferior vena cava (IVC), superior vena cava (SVC), right atrium (RA), foramen ovale (FO), left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV).

Reference

<pubmed>23181717</pubmed>| J Cardiovasc Magn Reson.

Copyright=

© 2012 Seed et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Figure 2. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2012, 14:79 doi:10.1186/1532-429X-14-79

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current	16:22, 3 January 2013		1,000 × 599 (75 KB)	Z8600021 (talk \| contribs)	==Fetal Blood Flow== Mean flows in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI. Mean flows in ml/kg/min (left) and proportions of the combined ventricular output (right) in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by ph

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Fetal Blood Flow==
-Mean flows in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI. Mean flows in ml/kg/min (left) and proportions of the combined ventricular output (right) in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI. Ascending aorta (AAo), main pulmonary artery (MPA), ductus arteriosus (DA), pulmonary blood flow (PBF), descending aorta (DAo), umbilical artery (UA), umbilical vein (UV), inferior vena cava (IVC), superior vena cava (SVC), right atrium (RA), foramen ovale (FO), left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV).
+Mean flows in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI.
+* '''left''' - Mean flows in ml/kg/min
+* '''right''' - Proportions of the combined ventricular output in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI.
+Ascending aorta (AAo),
+main pulmonary artery (MPA), ductus arteriosus (DA), pulmonary blood flow (PBF), descending aorta (DAo), umbilical artery (UA), umbilical vein (UV), inferior vena cava (IVC), superior vena cava (SVC), right atrium (RA), foramen ovale (FO), left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV).
-Figure 2.
-Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2012, 14:79 doi:10.1186/1532-429X-14-79
 ===Reference===
@@ Line 16: / Line 21: @@
-J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2012 Nov 26;14(1):79. [Epub ahead of print]
+Figure 2.
-Feasibility of quantification of the distribution of blood flow in the normal human fetal circulation using CMR: a cross-sectional study.
+Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2012, 14:79 doi:10.1186/1532-429X-14-79
-Seed M, F P van Amerom J, Yoo SJ, Nafisi B, Grosse-Wortmann L, Jaeggi E, Jansz MS, Macgowan CK.
-Abstract
-ABSTRACT:
-BACKGROUND: We present the first phase contrast (PC) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) measurements of the distribution of blood flow in twelve late gestation human fetuses. These were obtained using a retrospective gating technique known as metric optimised gating (MOG).
-METHODS:
-A validation experiment was performed in five adult volunteers where conventional cardiac gating was compared with MOG. Linear regression and Bland Altman plots were used to compare MOG with the gold standard of conventional gating. Measurements using MOG were then made in twelve normal fetuses at a median gestational age of 37 weeks (range 30--39 weeks). Flow was measured in the major fetal vessels and indexed to the fetal weight.
-RESULTS:
-There was good correlation between the conventional gated and MOG measurements in the adult validation experiment (R=0.96). Mean flows in ml/min/kg with standard deviations in the major fetal vessels were as follows: combined ventricular output (CVO) 540+/-101, main pulmonary artery (MPA) 327+/-68, ascending aorta (AAo) 198+/-38, superior vena cava (SVC) 147+/-46, ductus arteriosus (DA) 220+/-39,pulmonary blood flow (PBF) 106+/-59,descending aorta (DAo) 273+/-85, umbilical vein (UV) 160+/-62, foramen ovale (FO)107+/-54. Results expressed as mean percentages of the CVO with standard deviations were as follows: MPA 60+/-4, AAo37+/-4, SVC 28+/-7, DA 41+/-8, PBF 19+/-10, DAo50+/-12, UV 30+/-9, FO 21+/-12.
-CONCLUSION:
-This study demonstrates how PC CMR with MOG is a feasible technique for measuring the distribution of the normal human fetal circulation in late pregnancy. Our preliminary results are in keeping with findings from previous experimental work in fetal lambs.
-PMID 23181717 http://www.jcmr-online.com/content/14/1/79
 [[Category:Human]]  [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:MRI]]