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==Chromosome structure==
==Chromosome Structure==


DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes.
DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are only seen when the chromosome is folded for cell division.


The chromosome overall structure can then be divided into a longer '''q''' arm and a shorter '''p''' arm joined at the '''centromere'''.
Cells undergoing division have their DNA compacted into chromosomes with a short arm (p), a long arm (q), and a mid-section (centromere). The duplicated chromosomes are also joined together as pairs at the centromere.
The centromere is also the site of chromosome pairs being joined together.
* '''p''' used to identify the chromosome short arm (possibly French, ''petit'').
* '''q''' used to identify the chromosome long arm (possibly French, ''tall''), the next letter in alphabet after p


These letters prefixed by the chromosome number and followed by the chromosome band number, indicate gene location.


'''Source:''' Genetics Home Reference. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/chromosomestructure


{{Cell Division Links}}
===Reference===
Genetics Home Reference. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/chromosomestructure
====Copyright====
Government information at NLM Web sites is in the public domain. Public domain information may be freely distributed and copied, but it is requested that in any subsequent use the National Library of Medicine (NLM) be given appropriate acknowledgement. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
Government information at NLM Web sites is in the public domain. Public domain information may be freely distributed and copied, but it is requested that in any subsequent use the National Library of Medicine (NLM) be given appropriate acknowledgement. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html


{{Footer}}
[[Category:Genetics]] [[Category:Chromosome]]
[[Category:Genetics]] [[Category:Chromosome]]

Latest revision as of 12:17, 15 May 2016

Chromosome Structure

DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are only seen when the chromosome is folded for cell division.

Cells undergoing division have their DNA compacted into chromosomes with a short arm (p), a long arm (q), and a mid-section (centromere). The duplicated chromosomes are also joined together as pairs at the centromere.

  • p used to identify the chromosome short arm (possibly French, petit).
  • q used to identify the chromosome long arm (possibly French, tall), the next letter in alphabet after p

These letters prefixed by the chromosome number and followed by the chromosome band number, indicate gene location.


Cell Division Links: meiosis | mitosis | Lecture - Cell Division and Fertilization | spermatozoa | oocyte | fertilization | zygote | Genetics

Reference

Genetics Home Reference. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/chromosomestructure

Copyright

Government information at NLM Web sites is in the public domain. Public domain information may be freely distributed and copied, but it is requested that in any subsequent use the National Library of Medicine (NLM) be given appropriate acknowledgement. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html


Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Chromosome- structure.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Chromosome-_structure.jpg

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G

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current23:23, 12 May 2010Thumbnail for version as of 23:23, 12 May 2010500 × 400 (88 KB)S8600021 (talk | contribs)==Chromosome structure== DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/illustrations/chromosomestructure