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Plate III. Human Embryo 11 mm

Three figures to illustrate the skeletal, muscular, and nervous apparatus of the right posterior extremity of embryo 109, length 11 mm., age about five Weeks. The nerves are represented black; the muscle anlages by stippling; the skeletal structures, light grey; the skin of the leg, transparent. About 17 diam.

Fig. 1. Median view. The urachus is shown in outline.

In Embryo 109, length 11 mm. (Plate III, Figs. 1, 2 and 3), the border nerves are beginning to extend toward the skin. At this stage the oblique and the rectus muscles of the abdomen are beginning to be differentiated. The transversus muscle has not yet appeared. Between the ventro-anterior margin of the pubis and the ventro-caudal angle of the difierentiating abdominal musculature a slight thickening of the mesenchyme represents the beginning of the tendon of the rectus and of the inguinal ligament. A considerable interval exists between the distal margin of the abdominal musculature and the anlage of the iliac crest. The musculature lies near the peritoneal cavity, while the crest is in the mesenchyme lateral to this cavity. Between body cavity and crest lies the femoral nerve with its branches (Fig. 3). From the first and second lumbar nerves the iliohypogastric and inguinal and the genital branch of the genito-femoral extend ventrally between the coelomic wall and the distal margin of the developing abdominal musculature. From the common trunk of the iliohypogastric and inguinal nerves a lateral branch, the “ iliac,” extends toward the skin in an area considerably anterior to the ilium. The lumbo-inguinal nerve and the lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral extend toward the anterior margin of the limb-bud.

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Pages where the terms "Historic" (textbooks, papers, people, recommendations) appear on this site, and sections within pages where this disclaimer appears, indicate that the content and scientific understanding are specific to the time of publication. This means that while some scientific descriptions are still accurate, the terminology and interpretation of the developmental mechanisms reflect the understanding at the time of original publication and those of the preceding periods, these terms, interpretations and recommendations may not reflect our current scientific understanding.     (More? Embryology History | Historic Embryology Papers)

Links: Fig. 2 | Fig. 3 | Plate 1 | Plate 2 | Plate 3-1 | Plate 3-2 | Plate 4-1 | Plate 4-2 | Plate 5-1 | Plate 5-2 | Plate 6 | Bardeen 1906 | Historic Papers

Online Editor
The human embryos used in this 1906 study were from Franklin Mall's Johns Hopkins University Collection that later became the Carnegie Collection. Note that not all plates described in the paper are currently available online. Links: Limb Development | Spinal Cord Development | Franklin Mall | Johns Hopkins University Collection | Carnegie Collection | Historic Papers

Reference

Bardeen CR. Development and variation of the nerves and the musculature of the inferior extremity and of the neighboring regions of the trunk in man. Am J Anat. 1906;6:259–390.

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 19) Embryology Bardeen1906-plate31.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Bardeen1906-plate31.jpg

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