Developmental Signals - Retinoic acid
Embryology - 29 Mar 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) is the transcriptionally active product of vitamin A and is known to play many roles in regulating embryo development, controlling patterning, cell fate decisions and differentiation. In the adult retinoid acid has additional signalling roles including spermatozoa maturation. Transient RA signaling gradients are formed by the RA local degradation by enzymes of the Cyp26a gene family.
The compound has been used extensively postnatally in therapeutic treatments, for example in skin disease. As this compound also acts as a developmental signal, it has known teratogenic effects[2][3] following maternal to conceptus transfer.
Factor Links: AMH | hCG | BMP | sonic hedgehog | bHLH | HOX | FGF | FOX | Hippo | LIM | Nanog | NGF | Nodal | Notch | PAX | retinoic acid | SIX | Slit2/Robo1 | SOX | TBX | TGF-beta | VEGF | WNT | Category:Molecular |
Category:Retinoic acid | Abnormal Development
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Embryo Retinoic acid | Images |
Older papers |
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These papers originally appeared in the Some Recent Findings table, but as that list grew in length have now been shuffled down to this collapsible table.
See also the Discussion Page for other references listed by year and References on this current page.
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Organ Expression
Summary of Rar gene expression patterns in mouse developing organ systems.[9]
Endoderm
Chicken antero-posterior endoderm patterning[10]
Fetal Gonad
Immunohistochemical localisation of retinoid receptor expression in the human fetal gonad[11]
Adult Gonad
Retinoic acid "waves" are required for the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium, influencing both Sertoli cells and germ cells, the pulse serves as a trigger to commit undifferentiated progenitor cells to the timed pathway into meiosis and spermatid differentiation.[12]
- Links: spermatozoa | sertoli cell
Neural
Model retinoic acid extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Wnt pathway interactions[13]
RA Is Not Required for Radial Expansion of the Embryonic Cortex
References
- ↑ Paschaki M, Cammas L, Muta Y, Matsuoka Y, Mak SS, Rataj-Baniowska M, Fraulob V, Dollé P & Ladher RK. (2013). Retinoic acid regulates olfactory progenitor cell fate and differentiation. Neural Dev , 8, 13. PMID: 23829703 DOI.
- ↑ Collins MD & Mao GE. (1999). Teratology of retinoids. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. , 39, 399-430. PMID: 10331090 DOI.
- ↑ Tzimas G & Nau H. (2001). The role of metabolism and toxicokinetics in retinoid teratogenesis. Curr. Pharm. Des. , 7, 803-31. PMID: 11375780
- ↑ Shukrun N, Shabtai Y, Pillemer G & Fainsod A. (2019). Retinoic acid signaling reduction recapitulates the effects of alcohol on embryo size. Genesis , , e23284. PMID: 30672660 DOI.
- ↑ Uribe RA, Hong SS & Bronner ME. (2018). Retinoic acid temporally orchestrates colonization of the gut by vagal neural crest cells. Dev. Biol. , 433, 17-32. PMID: 29108781 DOI.
- ↑ Rydeen AB & Waxman JS. (2016). Cyp26 Enzymes Facilitate Second Heart Field Progenitor Addition and Maintenance of Ventricular Integrity. PLoS Biol. , 14, e2000504. PMID: 27893754 DOI.
- ↑ Janesick A, Wu SC & Blumberg B. (2015). Retinoic acid signaling and neuronal differentiation. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. , 72, 1559-76. PMID: 25558812 DOI.
- ↑ Shimozono S, Iimura T, Kitaguchi T, Higashijima S & Miyawaki A. (2013). Visualization of an endogenous retinoic acid gradient across embryonic development. Nature , 496, 363-6. PMID: 23563268 DOI.
- ↑ Dollé P. (2009). Developmental expression of retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Nucl Recept Signal , 7, e006. PMID: 19471585 DOI.
- ↑ Bayha E, Jørgensen MC, Serup P & Grapin-Botton A. (2009). Retinoic acid signaling organizes endodermal organ specification along the entire antero-posterior axis. PLoS ONE , 4, e5845. PMID: 19516907 DOI.
- ↑ Childs AJ, Cowan G, Kinnell HL, Anderson RA & Saunders PT. (2011). Retinoic Acid signalling and the control of meiotic entry in the human fetal gonad. PLoS ONE , 6, e20249. PMID: 21674038 DOI.
- ↑ Griswold MD. (2016). Spermatogenesis: The Commitment to Meiosis. Physiol. Rev. , 96, 1-17. PMID: 26537427 DOI.
- ↑ Lu J, Tan L, Li P, Gao H, Fang B, Ye S, Geng Z, Zheng P & Song H. (2009). All-trans retinoic acid promotes neural lineage entry by pluripotent embryonic stem cells via multiple pathways. BMC Cell Biol. , 10, 57. PMID: 19642999 DOI.
Reviews
Draut H, Liebenstein T & Begemann G. (2019). New Insights into the Control of Cell Fate Choices and Differentiation by Retinoic Acid in Cranial, Axial and Caudal Structures. Biomolecules , 9, . PMID: 31835881 DOI.
Dubey A, Rose RE, Jones DR & Saint-Jeannet JP. (2018). Generating retinoic acid gradients by local degradation during craniofacial development: One cell's cue is another cell's poison. Genesis , 56, . PMID: 29330906 DOI.
Articles
Bozzo P, Chua-Gocheco A & Einarson A. (2011). Safety of skin care products during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician , 57, 665-7. PMID: 21673209
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Developmental Signals - Retinoic acid. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Developmental_Signals_-_Retinoic_acid
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G