Developmental Signals - Homeobox: Difference between revisions
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* '''Evolution of anterior Hox regulatory elements among chordates'''<ref name="PMID22085760"><pubmed>22085760</pubmed></ref> "The Hox family of transcription factors has a fundamental role in segmentation pathways and axial patterning of embryonic development and their clustered organization is linked with the regulatory mechanisms governing their coordinated expression along embryonic axes. Among chordates, of particular interest are the Hox paralogous genes in groups 1-4 since their expression is coupled to the control of regional identity in the anterior nervous system, where the highest structural diversity is observed. ...Together, our results indicate that during chordate evolution, cis-elements dependent upon Hox/Pbx regulatory complexes, are responsible for key aspects of segmental Hox expression in neural tissue and appeared with urochordates after cephalochordate divergence." | |||
* '''Hox10 Genes Function in Kidney Development in the Differentiation and Integration of the Cortical Stroma''' <ref>Yallowitz AR, Hrycaj SM, Short KM, Smyth IM, Wellik DM (2011) '''Hox10 Genes Function in Kidney Development in the Differentiation and Integration of the Cortical Stroma.''' PLoS ONE 6(8): e23410. PMID 21858105 [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0023410 PloS One]</ref> "Consistent with loss of cortical stromal cell function, Hox10 mutant kidneys display reduced and aberrant ureter branching, decreased nephrogenesis. These data therefore provide critical novel insights into the cellular and genetic mechanisms governing cortical cell development during kidney organogenesis. These results, combined with previous evidence demonstrating that Hox11 genes are necessary for patterning the metanephric mesenchyme, support a model whereby distinct populations in the nephrogenic cord are regulated by unique Hox codes, and that differential Hox function along the AP axis of the nephrogenic cord is critical for the differentiation and integration of these cell types during kidney organogenesis." | * '''Hox10 Genes Function in Kidney Development in the Differentiation and Integration of the Cortical Stroma''' <ref>Yallowitz AR, Hrycaj SM, Short KM, Smyth IM, Wellik DM (2011) '''Hox10 Genes Function in Kidney Development in the Differentiation and Integration of the Cortical Stroma.''' PLoS ONE 6(8): e23410. PMID 21858105 [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0023410 PloS One]</ref> "Consistent with loss of cortical stromal cell function, Hox10 mutant kidneys display reduced and aberrant ureter branching, decreased nephrogenesis. These data therefore provide critical novel insights into the cellular and genetic mechanisms governing cortical cell development during kidney organogenesis. These results, combined with previous evidence demonstrating that Hox11 genes are necessary for patterning the metanephric mesenchyme, support a model whereby distinct populations in the nephrogenic cord are regulated by unique Hox codes, and that differential Hox function along the AP axis of the nephrogenic cord is critical for the differentiation and integration of these cell types during kidney organogenesis." | ||
* '''Proposed Hox protein classification'''<ref name="PMID20520839"><pubmed>20520839</pubmed>| [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010820 PLoS One]</ref>"Our classification scheme offers a higher-resolution classification that is in accordance with phylogenetic as well as experimental data and, thereby, provides a novel basis for experiments, such as comparative and functional analyses of Hox-proteins." | * '''Proposed Hox protein classification'''<ref name="PMID20520839"><pubmed>20520839</pubmed>| [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010820 PLoS One]</ref>"Our classification scheme offers a higher-resolution classification that is in accordance with phylogenetic as well as experimental data and, thereby, provides a novel basis for experiments, such as comparative and functional analyses of Hox-proteins." |
Revision as of 20:41, 20 March 2012
Introduction
The family of homeobox (Hox) proteins has been a focus of research for over 30 years. This family of genes were also the basis of the embryo patterning studies that led to the Nobel Prize in Medicine 1995. We now know that in addition to whole embryo axes patterning, this family of genes has many roles in establishing pattern throughout the embryo in different tissues and organs.
This signalling pathway has also been implicated in many developmental abnormalities and diseases.
Fly wild-type head | Fly antennapedia head |
Factor Links: AMH | hCG | BMP | sonic hedgehog | bHLH | HOX | FGF | FOX | Hippo | LIM | Nanog | NGF | Nodal | Notch | PAX | retinoic acid | SIX | Slit2/Robo1 | SOX | TBX | TGF-beta | VEGF | WNT | Category:Molecular |
Some Recent Findings
|
Classification
Proposed Hox protein classification[4] |
Functions
Developmental patterning signal.
Neural
Hindbrain neural crest migration and Hox expression pattern[6]
Legend
Adapted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature Reviews Neuroscience (<pubmed>17948031</pubmed>), copyright (2007) |
Axial Skeleton
Vertebral element ossification between species.[7]
- Links: Axial Skeleton Development
Limb
Mouse Limb Patterning Fgf and Hox Expression[8]
Fgf and Hox expression in E10.5 to 10.75 wild-type embryonic forelimb autopod, compared to future E14.5 digit arrangement.
- Links: Limb Development
Other
Signaling Pathway
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 <pubmed>20485555</pubmed>| PLoS One
- ↑ <pubmed>22085760</pubmed>
- ↑ Yallowitz AR, Hrycaj SM, Short KM, Smyth IM, Wellik DM (2011) Hox10 Genes Function in Kidney Development in the Differentiation and Integration of the Cortical Stroma. PLoS ONE 6(8): e23410. PMID 21858105 PloS One
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 <pubmed>20520839</pubmed>| PLoS One
- ↑ <pubmed>20540809</pubmed>| Reprod Biol Endocrinol.
- ↑ <pubmed>17948031</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>20956304</pubmed>| Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
- ↑ <pubmed>20386744</pubmed>| PMC2851570 | PLoS Genet.
Reviews
<pubmed>20435029</pubmed> <pubmed>19651304</pubmed> <pubmed>15944185</pubmed> <pubmed>11604126</pubmed>
Articles
Search Pubmed
Search Bookshelf hox
July 2010 "hox" All (3509) Review (545) Free Full Text (1453)
Search Pubmed Now: Homeobox | hox
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
- Nobel Prize - Medicine 1995
- OMIM - SONIC HEDGEHOG
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Developmental Signals - Homeobox. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Developmental_Signals_-_Homeobox
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G