Developmental Signals - Hippo: Difference between revisions

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Embryology - 16 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate
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Introduction

Hippo pathway on-off cartoon^[1]

The Hippo (Hpo) pathway, first identified in Drosophila, controls organ size by regulating cell proliferation (inhibition) and apoptosis (induction). In contrast, the TOR signalling pathway regulates organ size by stimulating cell growth, thus increasing cell size.

Hippo is a protein kinase cascade pathway, getting its name from the “hippopotamus”-like phenotype.

Fly Phenotype (dorsal view head thorax SEM)
300px
Hippo-type (hpo)	Wild-type (WT)
	Image source^[1]

Factor Links: AMH | hCG | BMP | sonic hedgehog | bHLH | HOX | FGF | FOX | Hippo | LIM | Nanog | NGF | Nodal | Notch | PAX | retinoic acid | SIX | Slit2/Robo1 | SOX | TBX | TGF-beta | VEGF | WNT | Category:Molecular

| Category:Hippo

Some Recent Findings

Review - Position- and polarity-dependent Hippo signaling regulates cell fates in preimplantation mouse embryos^[2] "During the preimplantation stage, mouse embryos establish two cell lineages by the time of early blastocyst formation: the trophectoderm (TE) and the inner cell mass (ICM). Historical models have proposed that the establishment of these two lineages depends on the cell position within the embryo (e.g., the positional model) or cell polarization along the apicobasal axis (e.g., the polarity model). Recent findings have revealed that the Hippo signaling pathway plays a central role in the cell fate-specification process: active and inactive Hippo signaling in the inner and outer cells promote ICM and TE fates, respectively. Intercellular adhesion activates, while apicobasal polarization suppresses Hippo signaling, and a combination of these processes determines the spatially regulated activation of the Hippo pathway in 32-cell-stage embryos. Therefore, there is experimental evidence in favor of both positional and polarity models. At the molecular level, phosphorylation of the Hippo-pathway component angiomotin at adherens junctions (AJs) in the inner (apolar) cells activates the Lats protein kinase and triggers Hippo signaling. In the outer cells, however, cell polarization sequesters Amot from basolateral AJs and suppresses activation of the Hippo pathway. Other mechanisms, including asymmetric cell division and Notch signaling, also play important roles in the regulation of embryonic development. In this review, I discuss how these mechanisms cooperate with the Hippo signaling pathway during cell fate-specification processes." Developmental Signals - Notch | Mouse Development

More recent papers
This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link. This search now requires a manual link as the original PubMed extension has been disabled. The displayed list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. References also appear on this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. References listed on the rest of the content page and the associated discussion page (listed under the publication year sub-headings) do include some editorial selection based upon both relevance and availability. More? References \| Discussion Page \| Journal Searches \| 2019 References \| 2020 References Search term: Embryo Hippo \| Images <pubmed limit=5>Embryo Hippo</pubmed>

Early Development

Blastocyst

Mouse blastocyst (32 cell stage)
phosphorylation of angiomotin at adherens junctions	cell polarization sequesters Amot from basolateral adherens junctions
active Hippo signaling	inactive Hippo signaling
inner cells	outer cells
inner cell mass (ICM) fate	trophectoderm (TE) fate

(Table data see review^[2] Notch signaling also has a role in blastocyst fate development)

Links: Blastocyst

Organ Expression

Endoderm

Fetal Gonad

Neural

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 <pubmed>24336504</pubmed>| Nat Rev Drug Discov.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 <pubmed>25986053</pubmed>

Reviews

Articles

Search Pubmed

Search Bookshelf Hippo

Search Pubmed Now: Hippo

Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 16) Embryology Developmental Signals - Hippo. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Developmental_Signals_-_Hippo

What Links Here?

[PMID24336504-1] 1.0 ^1.1 <pubmed>24336504</pubmed>| Nat Rev Drug Discov.

[PMID25986053-2] 2.0 ^2.1 <pubmed>25986053</pubmed>

[1]

[2]

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 Hippo is a protein kinase cascade pathway, getting its name from the “hippopotamus”-like phenotype.
+{|
-''Draft Page - Notice removed when completed''.
+! Fly Phenotype (dorsal view head thorax SEM)
+|-
+| [[:File:Fly Hippo-type dorsal view head thorax SEM.jpg|300px]]
+| [[File:Fly WT dorsal view head thorax SEM.jpg|300px]]
+|-
+| Hippo-type (hpo)
+| Wild-type (WT)
+|-
+|
+| Image source<ref name="PMID24336504"><pubmed>24336504</pubmed>| [http://www.nature.com/nrd/journal/v13/n1/full/nrd4161.html Nat Rev Drug Discov.]</ref>
+|}
 {{Factor Links}} | [[:Category:Hippo|Category:Hippo]]