Developmental Mechanism - Left-Right Axis
Embryology - 25 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
Draft Page - notice removed when complete.
How do you establish the anatomical axes of the embryo? Another well studied model of axis patterning is the establishment of limb axes, in particular this system historically was studied by grafting and rotating parts of the early developing limb.
Note there is some confusion arising in the terminology when comparing animal developmental axes and those of human anatomical axes.
Left-right axis (L-R) transverse plane
- vertebrates - left side Nodal expression
- sea urchins - right side Nodal expression, inhibit the right mesodermal coelomic pouch (CP) from forming the adult rudiment
Signaling Factors
- Nodal - induces its own expression and that of Lefty.
- Lefty - a Nodal feedback inhibitor with a longer diffusion range.
Primitive node cilia (human stage 8) | Embryo left-right asymmetry pathway[1] |
Axes Formation: left-right axis | dorso-ventral axis | rostro-caudal axis | limb axis | Coronal | Sagittal | Transverse |
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Left-Right Axis | Axis Formation | Molecular Axis Development | Dorso-ventral Axis | Rostro-caudal Axis |
Nodal
Nodal is expressed during mouse gastrulation and is a member of the TGF-beta gene family.
- Links: OMIM601265
Lefty1
Lefty1 and Lefty2 are expressed in developing mouse embryos on the left side. These are members of the TGF-beta gene family.
LEFTY A and LEFTY B are the human homologues of murine genes implicated in left-right axis development.
- Links: OMIM603037
References
- ↑ Norris DP. (2012). Cilia, calcium and the basis of left-right asymmetry. BMC Biol. , 10, 102. PMID: 23256866 DOI.
- ↑ Li J, Gao F, Zhao Y, He L, Huang Y, Yang X, Zhou Y, Yu L, Zhao Q & Dong X. (2019). Zebrafish znfl1s regulate left-right asymmetry patterning through controlling the expression of fgfr1a. J. Cell. Physiol. , 234, 1987-1995. PMID: 30317609 DOI.
- ↑ Li J, Gao F, Zhao Y, He L, Huang Y, Yang X, Zhou Y, Yu L, Zhao Q & Dong X. (2019). Zebrafish znfl1s regulate left-right asymmetry patterning through controlling the expression of fgfr1a. J. Cell. Physiol. , 234, 1987-1995. PMID: 30317609 DOI.
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Developmental Mechanism - Left-Right Axis. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Developmental_Mechanism_-_Left-Right_Axis
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G