Cat Development: Difference between revisions

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:'''Links:''' [http://placentation.ucsd.edu/cat.html Comparative Placentation - Cat]
:'''Links:''' [http://placentation.ucsd.edu/cat.html Comparative Placentation - Cat]


==Historic Images==
==Additional Images==
===Historic Images===


<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Mall Meyer1921 fig210.jpg|Fig. 210. Normal well-preserved cat fetes
File:Mall_Meyer1921_fig211.jpg|Fig. 211. Normal poorly preserved cat fetus of approximately the same length
File:Bailey296 297.jpg
File:Bailey296 297.jpg
File:Bailey331.jpg
File:Bailey331.jpg

Revision as of 13:12, 27 January 2014

Embryology - 28 Mar 2024    Facebook link Pinterest link Twitter link  Expand to Translate  
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Introduction

Cat with 6 toes
Cat Ovary

Cats (Felis catus) are seasonally polyestrous animals that have multiple estrous cycles only during certain periods of the year.


Links: Estrous Cycle | Toxoplasmosis | Category:Cat

Animal Development: axolotl | bat | cat | chicken | cow | dog | dolphin | echidna | fly | frog | goat | grasshopper | guinea pig | hamster | horse | kangaroo | koala | lizard | medaka | mouse | opossum | pig | platypus | rabbit | rat | salamander | sea squirt | sea urchin | sheep | worm | zebrafish | life cycles | development timetable | development models | K12
Historic Embryology  
1897 Pig | 1900 Chicken | 1901 Lungfish | 1904 Sand Lizard | 1905 Rabbit | 1906 Deer | 1907 Tarsiers | 1908 Human | 1909 Northern Lapwing | 1909 South American and African Lungfish | 1910 Salamander | 1951 Frog | Embryology History | Historic Disclaimer

Some Recent Findings

  • Follicular growth monitoring in the female cat during estrus[1] "This study was designed to describe follicular dynamics by transabdominal ultrasonography. Secondly, the stage of follicular growth was associated to behavioral and vaginal changes. Ovarian ultrasonography was performed during nine anovulatory and 12 ovulatory cycles. Forty-eight follicles were followed during anovulatory cycles: on the first day of estrus behavior, 4.8 ± 0.2 follicles (2 to 7 per female) of 2.3 ± 0.01 mm mean diameter were present. Follicular growth continued at a rate of 0.2 ± 0.04 mm per day. At least one follicle in the cohort reached a diameter greater than 3.0 mm."
  • Development of external genitalia in fetal and neonatal domestic cats[2] "The female urogenital folds budded from each side of the genital tubercle and, gradually extended to the tip of the genital tubercle by the 6.8 cm stage in crown-rump length. Then, the well-developed urogenital folds ensheathed completely the genital tubercle to form the prepuce of clitoris and the labia, flanking the external opening of vagina as the folds of skin which were equivalent to the labia minora in humans. The genital swellings known to become the labia majora in humans were clearly recognized in the caudolateral region of the genital tubercle during the fetal stage. These swellings became flat and obscure after birth. Thus, in cats the genital swellings did not join to the formation of the labia in the same way as in humans. The sex difference in the external genitalia was first observed at the 3.2-3.3 cm stages. In the male, the anogenital raphe appeared and the caudal portion of the genital swellings moved and fused each other at the caudal region of the genital tubercle. In the female, both features were not easy to observe."

Developmental Timeline

Cat oocyte calcium concentration[3]

Twenty-two stages have been described for the prenatal development of the domestic cat.[4]


The following data on early development is based upon the time after copulation[5]

oviduct embryo development

  • 64 hours - 1 to 4 cells (17 of 20; 85.0%)
  • 76 hours - 5 to 8 cells (18 of 28; 64.3% )
  • 100 hours - 9 to 16 cells (14 of 24; 58.3%)
  • 124 hours - morulae (15 of 21; 71.4% )

uterine embryo development

  • 148 hours - compact morulae or early blastocysts
  • days 12-14 - implantation occurs

Oocyte and Spermatozoa

The following scanning electron micrographs are from a recent paper on fresh and frozen cat oocytes.[6] Scale bar is 10 microns.

Cat oocyte zona pellucida 01.jpg Cat oocyte zona pellucida 02.jpg

Cat spermatozoa bound to oocyte zona pellucida.jpg

Genetics

Lineage: Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Coelomata; Deuterostomia; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Carnivora; Feliformia; Felidae; Felinae; Felis; Felis catus

  • Nucleus - not much genomic sequencing information available for the cat.
  • Mitochondria - entire mitochondrial genome 17,009 bp has been sequenced.


Links: Mitochondrial Genome

Placenta

  • zonary placenta without cotyledons
  • relatively small marginal hematoma
  • materno-fetal barrier is endothelial-chorial
  • superficially invasive into the endometrium but not into the myometrium
  • placental labryrinth has characteristic giant cells

Placental cord

  • two pairs of vessels in the cord
    • two arteries and two veins
  • allantoic duct
  • cord average length 2 to 3 cm and 0.3 to 0.5 cm in diameter
  • inserts at the margin of the zonary organ
  • no spirals, no vitelline duct, and no additional vessels or structures
Links: Comparative Placentation - Cat

Additional Images

Historic Images

References

  1. <pubmed>21798582</pubmed>
  2. <pubmed>19262023</pubmed>
  3. <pubmed>20003339</pubmed>| Reprod Biol Endocrinol.
  4. <pubmed>11841356</pubmed>
  5. <pubmed>7803616</pubmed>| PDF
  6. <pubmed>17908298</pubmed>| Acta Vet Scand.

Articles

<pubmed>19151510</pubmed> <pubmed>19262023</pubmed> <pubmed>18405438</pubmed> <pubmed>12606460</pubmed> <pubmed>11841356</pubmed>


Search Pubmed: cat development | feline development


Animal Development: axolotl | bat | cat | chicken | cow | dog | dolphin | echidna | fly | frog | goat | grasshopper | guinea pig | hamster | horse | kangaroo | koala | lizard | medaka | mouse | opossum | pig | platypus | rabbit | rat | salamander | sea squirt | sea urchin | sheep | worm | zebrafish | life cycles | development timetable | development models | K12
Historic Embryology  
1897 Pig | 1900 Chicken | 1901 Lungfish | 1904 Sand Lizard | 1905 Rabbit | 1906 Deer | 1907 Tarsiers | 1908 Human | 1909 Northern Lapwing | 1909 South American and African Lungfish | 1910 Salamander | 1951 Frog | Embryology History | Historic Disclaimer


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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Cat Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Cat_Development

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G