Carnegie stage 16

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Introduction

Stage16 bf1c.jpg

Facts

Week 6, 37 - 42 days, 8 - 11 mm

Gestational Age GA - week 8

Summary

  • Ectoderm: sensory placodes, lens pit, otocyst,nasal pits moved ventrally, fourth ventricle of brain
  • Mesoderm: heart prominence
  • Head: 1st, 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch, forebrain, eye, auricular hillocks
  • Body: heart, liver, umbilical cord, mesonephric ridge
  • Limb: upper and lower limb buds, hand plate, developing arm


See also [[Carnegie stage 16#Events|Events]]

Features

  • Eye showing retinal pigment, nasolacrimal groove, nasal pit, fourth ventricle of brain, umbilical cord, 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches, cervical sinus, heart, developing arm with hand plate, foot plate
  • Identify: nasal pit, nasolacrimal groove, eye, 1st, 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arches, 1st pharyngeal groove, maxillary and mandibular components of 1st pharyngeal arch, auricular hillocks, fourth ventricle of brain, heart prominence, upper limb bud, mesonephric ridge, lower limb bud, umbilical cord


Links: Week 6 | Head | Lecture - Limb | Lecture - Gastrointestinal | Lecture - Head Development | Science Practical - Gastrointestinal | Science Practical - Head | Category:Carnegie Stage 16 | Stage 17


Week: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Carnegie stage: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Carnegie Stages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | About Stages | Timeline

Kyoto Collection

Stage16 bf1.jpg

View: This is a dorsolateral view of embryo. Amniotic membrane removed.

Image source: Embryology page Created: 19.03.1999

Human stage16 face 01.jpg

Ventral view of head region. Ventral view of head region (1 mm scale).


Central Nervous System
Human Stage16 neural01.jpg Human Stage16 neural02.jpg
Cranial Nerves 
Nerve Number Name Type Origin Function
CN I Olfactory sensory telencephalon smell placode
CN II Optic sensory retinal ganglial cells vision
CN III Oculomotor motor anterior midbrain extraocular muscles eye movements and pupil dilation (motor)
CN IV Trochlear motor dorsal midbrain extraocular muscles (superior oblique muscle)
CN V Trigeminal motor/sensory pons touch, mastication
CN VI Abducent motor extraocular muscles control eye movements (lateral rectus muscle)
CN VII Facial motor/sensory pons facial expression, taste (tongue anterior and central regions) regulate salivary production.
CN VIII Acoustic sensory vestibular and cochlear nuclei hearing, placode
CN IX Glossopharyngeal motor/sensory medulla swallowing and speech, taste (tongue posterior region)
CN X Vagus motor/sensory medulla larynx and pharynx muscles (speech and swallowing), regulates heartbeat, sweating, and peristalsis
CN XI Accessory motor motor neurons sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
CN XII Hypoglossal motor motor neurons tongue muscles (speech, eating and other oral functions)
Right lateral view of the central nervous system of embryo at Carnegie stage 16. Scale bar is 1 mm


Image source: The Kyoto Collection images are reproduced with the permission of Prof. Kohei Shiota and Prof. Shigehito Yamada, Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan for educational purposes only and cannot be reproduced electronically or in writing without permission.

Scanning EM

Stage16 em01.jpg

Ventral view of head showing upper lip, maxilla and nasal region.

Image Source: Prof Virginia Diewert


Carnegie Collection

Stage16 bf5.jpg Stage16 bf6.jpg Stage16 bf7.jpg Stage16 bf8.jpg

Stage16 bf2.jpg Stage16 bf3.jpg Stage16 bf4.jpg

Carnegie stage 16: Right | Posterior | Anterior | Left | Right | Posterior | Left


Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 16 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
163 E., 9.0 Ch., 35x35x20 Good Formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1899 Used by Bardeen and Lewis
221 E., 7.5 Ch., 40x33x33 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1903 Macerated
383 E., 7.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm., H. & Congo red 1904
397 E., 8.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
422 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x30x30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1910 Tubal. Partly macerated
559 E., 8.6 Ch., 20x15x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1911 Cyclopia. Formerly listed as stage 17
589 E., 11 Ch., 30x13x13 Poor p P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 1912
617 E., 7.0 Ch., 18x14x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1912 Median in group
636 E., 10 Ch.,28x28x22 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1913 Macerated
651f E., 7 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor p p p p p 1913 Spina bifida
675 E., 10 Ch., 50x30x25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Carmine 1915 Abnormal head and limbs
792 E., 8.0 Ch., 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1913 Advanced
887 E, 9.0 Ch., 31x28x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1914 Near next stage
1121 E., 11.8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Operative. Median in group
1197 E., 10.0 Ch., 23x19x15 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), or. G. 1915 Advanced
1544 E., 7.2 Good Zenker P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Tubal. Mechanical injury
1836 E., 11.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Most-advanced third
4677 E., 9.5 Ch., 48x36x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1924 Median in group
5515 E., 12.0 Ch., 47x37x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Near next stage
6054 E., 7,0 Ch., 21x17x12 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Least-advanced third
6507 E., 9.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 & 8 Al. coch. p Middle or most-advanced third
6509 E. 8.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Least-adianced or middle third
6510 E., 10.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Close to No. 6507. Ag added
6511 E, 8.1* Good Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., iron H. p Surface injured by fixative. Most-advanced third
6512 E., 7.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. p Least-advanced third. Borderline
6513 E., 7.2* Good Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Surface injured by fixative. Least advanced in group
6514 E, 9 0* Poor Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third
6516 E., 10 5* Good Corros acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third. Double left kidney and ureter
6517 E., 10.5* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8 Al. coch. ? Close to No. 6516
6686 E., 11.0 Ch., l7x17xP Poor Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1933 Tubal. Partly macerated
6750 E., 10.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Tubal. Advanced
6909 E., 11.0 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Advanced
6931 E., 8.8 Ch., 3""x 33x16 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al coch., phlox. 1934 Least-advanced third. Type specimen
6950 E.. 9 0 Ch., 3lx20x18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Partly fragmented
7?15 E., 9.7 Exc Bouin C-P Coronal 10 H. & phlox 1935 Operative. Less advanced
7629 E., 11.5 Ch., 31x31 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox 1939 Hysterectomy. Most advanced in group
7804 E., 9.5 Ch., 26x21x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Least-advanced third
7897 E., 12.2 Ch., 31x24x23 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Tubal. Advanced
8098 E., 10.0 Ch., 30 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal. Median in group
8112 E., 10.9 Excellent Bouin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Most-advanced third
8179 E., 11.9 Ch., 23x18x17 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Tubal
8436 E., 10.9 Ch., 13x15x1? Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Advanced
8692 E., 10 Good Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Rubella. Medical abortion. Mechanically damaged
8697 E., 11.3 Poor Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Perhaps stage 17
8773 E, 11 Excellent Bouin P Coronal 10 Azan 1950
8971 E., 10 Ch., 20.5x14.5x13.7 Poor Formalin Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Synophthalmia. Univ. Chicago No. H 1439
Template:CE9055 E., ca. 10 Excellent Bouin P Transverse 20 Azan & Ag 1953 Damaged
9229 E, 9.5 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 6 Ag & (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954 Stage 15, 16, or 17? Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.


iBook - Carnegie Embryos  
link=http://itunes.apple.com/au/book/the-carnegie-staged-embryos/id510004473?mt=11 iTunes link
  • iTunes link | iBook Store
  • Description - Imagine the excitement of seeing this incredible early period of human development for the first time. Now consider that much of our initial understanding of human development is based upon study of historic embryo collections. You can now look at these historic images of the first 8 weeks after fertilisation and explore for yourself the changes that occur in human development during this key period. This current book is designed as an atlas of the Carnegie embryo stages with some brief notes and additional information covering the first 8 weeks of development. These images are from from the beginning of last century and are one of the earliest documented series of human embryos collected for basic research and medical education on development. I hope you enjoy learning about the amazing early events that begin to make and shape us. This is the second book in a series of educational releases from UNSW Embryology.
  • Release: First Edition - Mar 12, 2012 ISBN 978-0-7334-3148-7 Print Length 82 Pages, 25.8 MB Language English.
  • PDF Preview version 3.87 MB (Read the associated information, this is an edited educational preview version with many features not functioning).
  • The current website also includes numerous embryo images from this textbook (see Embryonic Development and Carnegie Embryos).

Madrid Collection

Stage16 bf9.jpg Stage16 bf10.jpg
Human Embryo CRL 10.2 mm (stage 16) Human Embryo CRL 10.5 mm (stage 16)

Image source: The Madrid Collection images are reproduced with the permission of Prof. Rodríguez-Vázquez, Head, Embryology Institute of Complutense University of Madrid. Images are for educational purposes only and cannot be reproduced electronically or in writing without permission.

Hill Collection

Hill HH8
HillH8 Stage 16 bf01.jpg HillH8 Stage 16 bf02.jpg
HillH8 Stage 16 bf03.jpg HillH8 Stage 16 bf04.jpg
HillH8 Stage 16 bf05.jpg HillH8 Stage 16 bf06.jpg

Stereo pair animation: right lateral animation | right lateral animation | left lateral animation

Hill HH5
HillH5 Stage 16 bf01.jpg HillH5 Stage 16 bf02.jpg
HillH5 Stage 16 bf03.jpg HillH5 Stage 16 bf04.jpg
HillH5 Stage 16 bf05.jpg HillH5 Stage 16 bf06.jpg
HillH5 Stage 16 bf07.jpg HillH5 Stage 16 bf08.jpg
Links: Hill Collection


Events

  • Hearing - otic vesicle wall thickens prior to appearance of the semicircular ducts.[1] A utriculosaccular diverticulum and spiral ganglion appears. Auricular hillocks present (tragus, crus helicis, helix, and antitragus).
  • Vision - (37 days) Growth of the lens body results in a D-shaped lens cavity. Perilental blood vessels (tunica vasculosa lentis) are visible. Prior to the development of the eyelids, one small sulcus or groove forms above the eye (eyelid groove) and another below it.[2]
  • Cardiovascular
    • Coronary circulation plexus acquires coronary sinus connection.[3]
    • Cerebral artery development of the middle cerebral artery first identified as small buds originating proximal to the anterior cerebral artery on the anterior division of the primitive internal carotid artery.[4]

References


Additional Images

Historic Images

Streeter, G. L. 1908b. The peripheral nervous system in the human embryo at the end of the first month (10 mm). Amer. J. Anat., 8, 285-301.


Carnegie Stages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | About Stages | Timeline



Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Carnegie stage 16. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Carnegie_stage_16

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G