Carnegie Stage Comparison: Difference between revisions

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From the table you can see that to reach the end of embryonic development, Carnegie stage 23, can take from as little as 10 days in chickens to nearly 60 days in humans.Carnegie is the name of a historical US Institute that historically categorised these developmental stages.
From the table you can see that to reach the end of embryonic development, Carnegie stage 23, can take from as little as 10 days in chickens to nearly 60 days in humans. Carnegie is the name of a historical US Institute that historically categorised these developmental stages.




Please note that these species comparisons are '''approximate only''' with some variations found in the scientific literature.
Please note that these species comparisons are '''approximate only''' with some variations found in the scientific literature. There was also a 1954 paper comparing human and mouse stages.<ref name=PMID13207763><pubmed>13207763</pubmed><ref>


:'''Links:''' [[Embryonic_Development|Embryonic Development]] | [[Carnegie Stage Comparison]] | [[Book_-_Contributions_to_Embryology|Carnegie Institution - Contributions to Embryology]] | [[Human Embryo Collections]]  
:'''Links:''' [[Embryonic_Development|Embryonic Development]] | [[Carnegie Stage Comparison]] | [[Book_-_Contributions_to_Embryology|Carnegie Institution - Contributions to Embryology]] | [[Human Embryo Collections]]  

Revision as of 10:27, 24 October 2016

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Introduction

Stages are based on the external and/or internal morphological development of the vertebrate embryo, and are not directly dependent on either age or size. The human embryonic period proper is divided into 23 Carnegie stages. Criteria beyond morphological features include age in days, number of somites present, and embryonic length.


As this staging can be applied to all vertebrates, and most vertebrate embryos develop during the embryonic period in much the same way, we can directly compare the timing of development for different species.


From the table you can see that to reach the end of embryonic development, Carnegie stage 23, can take from as little as 10 days in chickens to nearly 60 days in humans. Carnegie is the name of a historical US Institute that historically categorised these developmental stages.


Please note that these species comparisons are approximate only with some variations found in the scientific literature. There was also a 1954 paper comparing human and mouse stages.Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag | Days | 20 | 22 | 24 | 28 | 30 | 33 | 36 | 40 | 42 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 54 | 55 | 58

|-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Baboon[1] | Days | 23 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 41 | 43 | 45 | 47

|- | Rhesus Monkey[2] | Days | 21 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 32 | 34 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 44 | 46

|-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Marmoset[3] | Days | 57 | | 60 | | 64 | | 67 | | | | 74 | | | |

|- | Mouse[4] | Days | 9 | 9.5 | 10 | 10.5 | 11 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.5 | 13 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 16

|-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Rat[5] | Days | 10.5 | 11 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.5 | 13 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 16 | 16.5 | 17 | 17.5

|- | Chinese Hamster[6] | Days | 10 | 10.5 | 11 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.5 | 13 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 16 | 16.5 | 17

|-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Guinea Pig[7] | Days | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 29

|- | Rabbit[8] | Days | 8 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11 | 12 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 16 | 16.5 | 17 | 18

|-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Sheep[9] | Days | 15 | 16 | 17.5 | 18.5 | 19.5 | 20.5 | 22 | 23 | 24.5 | 25.5 | 27.5 | 29.5 | 30 | 33 |

|- | Pig[10] | Days | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20.5 | 21.5 | 23 | 24 | 25.5 | 27.5 | 29 | 30.5 | 32.5

|-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Chicken [11] | Days | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.25 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 4.75 | 5.5 | 6.25 | 7.25 | 7.75 | 8.5 | 10 |- | Dog | Days | | | | | | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 34 | 36 | 37 | | | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | Bat [12] | Days | | | | 40 | | 44 | 46 | 50 | 54 | 60 | | 70 | | 80 | |}

Earlier Stage Timing

Species Embryonic Comparison Timeline
Carnegie Stage
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Human Days 1 2-3 4-5 5-6 7-12 13-15 15-17 17-19 20 22 24 28 30 33 36 40 42 44 48 52 54 55 58
Mouse Days 1 2 3 E4.5 E5.0 E6.0 E7.0 E8.0 E9.0 E9.5 E10 E10.5 E11 E11.5 E12 E12.5 E13 E13.5 E14 E14.5 E15 E15.5 E16
Rat Days 1 3.5 4-5 5 6 7.5 8.5 9 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5
Note these Carnegie stages are only approximate day timings for average of embryos. Links: Carnegie Stage Comparison
Table References  
Human

O'Rahilly R. (1979). Early human development and the chief sources of information on staged human embryos. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. , 9, 273-80. PMID: 400868
Otis EM and Brent R. Equivalent ages in mouse and human embryos. (1954) Anat Rec. 120(1):33-63. PMID 13207763

Mouse
Theiler K. The House Mouse: Atlas of Mouse Development (1972, 1989) Springer-Verlag, NY. Online
OTIS EM & BRENT R. (1954). Equivalent ages in mouse and human embryos. Anat. Rec. , 120, 33-63. PMID: 13207763

Rat
Witschi E. Rat Development. In: Growth Including Reproduction and Morphological Development. (1962) Altman PL. and Dittmer DS. ed. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington DC, pp. 304-314.
Pérez-Cano FJ, Franch À, Castellote C & Castell M. (2012). The suckling rat as a model for immunonutrition studies in early life. Clin. Dev. Immunol. , 2012, 537310. PMID: 22899949 DOI.

References

  1. Hendrickx Embryology of the baboon. University of Chicago Press.
  2. Hendrickx and Sawey Embryology of the rhesus monkey. The Rhesus Monkey, Bourne (ed), Academic Press, NY (1975)
  3. <pubmed>827927</pubmed>
  4. Theiler, K. The House Mouse: Atlas of Embryonic Development. 1989. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3 540 05940 7
  5. Witschi, E. Growth. Altman and Dittmer (ed), Fed. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington (1962)
  6. <pubmed>453550</pubmed>
  7. Harman, MT and Dobrovolny, P. he development of the external form of the guinea-pig (Cavia cobaya) between the ages of 11 days and 20 days of gestation. J. of Morphology, (1933) 64, No.3 493-519.
  8. Edwards, JA. The external development of the rabbit and rat embryo. In: D.H.M. Woollam, Editor, Advances in Teratology Vol. 3, Logos Press, London (1968)
  9. <pubmed>5078578</pubmed>
  10. Marrable , AW. The Embryonic Pig: A Chronological Account. Pitman Medical, London (1971)
  11. <pubmed>1304821</pubmed>
  12. <pubmed>15861401</pubmed>



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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Carnegie Stage Comparison. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Carnegie_Stage_Comparison

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G