Cardiovascular - Venous Development: Difference between revisions

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Embryology - 16 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate
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Introduction

The embryo stage 10 heart tube

Development of the heart and vascular system begins very early in mesoderm both within (embryonic) and outside (extra embryonic, yolk sac and placental) the embryo. Vascular development therefore occurs in many places, the most obvious though is the early forming heart, which grows rapidly creating an externally obvious cardiac "bulge" on the early embryo. The cardiovascular system is extensively remodelled throughout development, this current page discusses systemic venous development. Note that placental vessels are discussed in placental notes.

Historic Embryology - Cardiovascular
1902 Vena cava inferior \| 1905 Brain Blood Vessels \| 1909 Cervical Veins \| 1909 Dorsal aorta and umbilical veins \| 1912 Heart \| 1912 Human Heart \| 1914 Earliest Blood-Vessels \| 1915 Congenital Cardiac Disease \| 1915 Dura Venous Sinuses \| 1916 Blood cell origin \| 1916 Pars Membranacea Septi \| 1919 Lower Limb Arteries \| 1921 Human Brain Vascular \| 1921 Spleen \| 1922 Aortic-Arch System \| 1922 Pig Forelimb Arteries \| 1922 Chicken Pulmonary \| 1923 Head Subcutaneous Plexus \| 1923 Ductus Venosus \| 1925 Venous Development \| 1927 Stage 11 Heart \| 1928 Heart Blood Flow \| 1935 Aorta \| 1935 Venous valves \| 1938 Pars Membranacea Septi \| 1938 Foramen Ovale \| 1939 Atrio-Ventricular Valves \| 1940 Vena cava inferior \| 1940 Early Hematopoiesis \| 1941 Blood Formation \| 1942 Truncus and Conus Partitioning \| Ziegler Heart Models \| 1951 Heart Movie \| 1954 Week 9 Heart \| 1957 Cranial venous system \| 1959 Brain Arterial Anastomoses \| Historic Embryology Papers \| 2012 ECHO Meeting \| 2016 Cardiac Review \| Historic Disclaimer

Some Recent Findings

A detailed comparison of mouse and human cardiac development^[1]

More recent papers
This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link. This search now requires a manual link as the original PubMed extension has been disabled. The displayed list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. References also appear on this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. References listed on the rest of the content page and the associated discussion page (listed under the publication year sub-headings) do include some editorial selection based upon both relevance and availability. More? References \| Discussion Page \| Journal Searches \| 2019 References \| 2020 References Search term: Venous Embryology <pubmed limit=5>Venous Embryology</pubmed>

Textbooks

Cardiac muscle histology

Human Embryology (2nd ed.) Larson Ch7 p151-188 Heart, Ch8 p189-228 Vasculature
The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology (6th ed.) Moore and Persaud Ch14: p304-349
Before we Are Born (5th ed.) Moore and Persaud Ch12; p241-254
Essentials of Human Embryology Larson Ch7 p97-122 Heart, Ch8 p123-146 Vasculature
Human Embryology Fitzgerald and Fitzgerald Ch13-17: p77-111

Infrahepatic Inferior Caval and Azygos Vein

Infrahepatic inferior caval and azygos vein formation in mammals with different degrees of mesonephric development. J Anat. 2016 Mar;228(3):495-510. doi: 10.1111/joa.12423. Epub 2015 Dec 11.

Hikspoors JP1, Mekonen HK1, Mommen GM1, Cornillie P2, Köhler SE1, Lamers WH1,3.

Abstract

Controversies regarding the development of the mammalian infrahepatic inferior caval and azygos veins arise from using topography rather than developmental origin as criteria to define venous systems and centre on veins that surround the mesonephros. We compared caudal-vein development in man with that in rodents and pigs (rudimentary and extensive mesonephric development, respectively), and used Amira 3D reconstruction and Cinema 4D-remodelling software for visualisation. The caudal cardinal veins (CCVs) were the only contributors to the inferior caval (IVC) and azygos veins. Development was comparable if temporary vessels that drain the large porcine mesonephros were taken into account. The topography of the CCVs changed concomitant with expansion of adjacent organs (lungs, meso- and metanephroi). The iliac veins arose by gradual extension of the CCVs into the caudal body region. Irrespective of the degree of mesonephric development, the infrarenal part of the IVC developed from the right CCV and the renal part from vascular sprouts of the CCVs in the mesonephros that formed 'subcardinal' veins. The azygos venous system developed from the cranial remnants of the CCVs. Temporary venous collaterals in and around the thoracic sympathetic trunk were interpreted as 'footprints' of the dorsolateral-to-ventromedial change in the local course of the intersegmental and caudal cardinal veins relative to the sympathetic trunk. Interspecies differences in timing of the same events in IVC and azygos-vein development appear to allow for proper joining of conduits for caudal venous return, whereas local changes in topography appear to accommodate efficient venous perfusion. These findings demonstrate that new systems, such as the 'supracardinal' veins, are not necessary to account for changes in the course of the main venous conduits of the embryo. © 2015 Anatomical Society. KEYWORDS: azygos vein; caudal cardinal veins; human; inferior caval vein; mesonephros; mouse; pig PMID 26659476 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12423

Renal Venous Development

The renal arterial and venous systems are also reorganised extensively throughout development with changing kidney position.


Embryo renal venous	Adult renal venous

Links: Renal Development

Fetal Blood Flow

Mean Late Fetal Blood Flows^[2]

(8 subjects) in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI. (median gestational age 37 weeks, age range of 30–39 weeks)

(left) Mean flows in ml/kg/min

(right) Proportions of the combined ventricular output in the major vessels of the human fetal circulation by phase contrast MRI.

AAo - Ascending aorta
MPA - main pulmonary artery
DA - ductus arteriosus
PBF - pulmonary blood flow
DAo - descending aorta
UA - umbilical artery
UV - umbilical vein

IVC - inferior vena cava
SVC - superior vena cava
RA - right atrium
FO - foramen ovale
LA - left atrium
RV - right ventricle
LV - left ventricle

References

↑ <pubmed>25167202</pubmed>
↑ <pubmed>23181717</pubmed>| J Cardiovasc Magn Reson.

Reviews

Articles

Search Pubmed

Search Pubmed: Cardiovascular System Development

Additional Images

Ziegler Models

Fetal Blood Flow
Fetal Blood Flow
Fetal Blood Flow

External Links

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Glossary Links

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 16) Embryology Cardiovascular - Venous Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Cardiovascular_-_Venous_Development

What Links Here?

[PMID25167202-1] <pubmed>25167202</pubmed>

[2] <pubmed>23181717</pubmed>| J Cardiovasc Magn Reson.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 [[File:Heart Tube Segments.jpg|thumb|The embryo stage 10 heart tube]]
 Development of the heart and vascular system begins very early in mesoderm both within (embryonic) and outside (extra embryonic, yolk sac and placental) the embryo. Vascular development therefore occurs in many places, the most obvious though is the early forming heart, which grows rapidly creating an externally obvious cardiac "bulge" on the early embryo. The cardiovascular system is extensively remodelled throughout development, this current page discusses systemic venous development. Note that placental vessels are discussed in placental notes.
 See also the related pages [[Cardiovascular - Arterial Development|Arterial Development]], [[Cardiovascular - Venous Development|Venous Development]], [[Placenta_-_Villi_Development#Placental_Villi_Blood_Vessels|Placental Villi Blood Vessels]] and [[Cardiovascular_System_-_Coronary_Circulation_Development|Coronary Circulation Development]].