Buccopharyngeal membrane: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
[[File:Stage11 | [[File:Stage11 sem4.jpg|thumb|300px|Human Embryo Stage {{CS11}} buccopharyngeal membrane ]] | ||
[[File:Stage11 sem2.jpg|thumb|300px|Buccopharyngeal membrane - degenerating]] | |||
[[File:Keith1902 fig015b.jpg|thumb|300px|Buccopharyngeal membrane position relative to adult anatomy]] | |||
The {{buccopharyngeal membrane}} (Latin, ''bucca'' = cheek) or {{oral membrane}}, forms the external upper membrane limit (cranial end) of the early gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This membrane region first develops in the trilaminar embryo (week 3) during gastrulation and lies above the cranial end of the {{notochord}}. The "membrane" quality comes from being composed of only ectoderm and endoderm, without a middle (intervening) layer of mesoderm. | The {{buccopharyngeal membrane}} (Latin, ''bucca'' = cheek) or {{oral membrane}}, forms the external upper membrane limit (cranial end) of the early gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This membrane region first develops in the trilaminar embryo (week 3) during gastrulation and lies above the cranial end of the {{notochord}}. The "membrane" quality comes from being composed of only ectoderm and endoderm, without a middle (intervening) layer of mesoderm. | ||
The membrane lies at the floor of the ventral depression (stomadeum) where the oral cavity will open. The membrane will break down during week 4 ({{GA}} week 6) to form the initial "oral opening" of the pharynx of the foregut. At the lower end of the gastrointestinal tract the membrane region that forms is the {{cloacal membrane}}. | The membrane lies at the floor of the ventral depression (stomadeum) where the oral cavity will open. The membrane will break down during week 4 ({{GA}} week 6) to form the initial "oral opening" of the pharynx of the foregut. At the lower end of the gastrointestinal tract the membrane region that forms is the {{cloacal membrane}}. | ||
Revision as of 13:21, 11 May 2019
Embryology - 29 Mar 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
The buccopharyngeal membrane (Latin, bucca = cheek) or oral membrane, forms the external upper membrane limit (cranial end) of the early gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This membrane region first develops in the trilaminar embryo (week 3) during gastrulation and lies above the cranial end of the notochord. The "membrane" quality comes from being composed of only ectoderm and endoderm, without a middle (intervening) layer of mesoderm.
The membrane lies at the floor of the ventral depression (stomadeum) where the oral cavity will open. The membrane will break down during week 4 (GA week 6) to form the initial "oral opening" of the pharynx of the foregut. At the lower end of the gastrointestinal tract the membrane region that forms is the cloacal membrane.
Some Recent Findings
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Stage 11 Embryo
A ventral view scanning EM embryo cranial end (day 21, 4 to 5 somites) showing early cardiac tube lying beneath brain fold. Between these two structures is where the stomedeum and buccopharyngeal membrane will form.
Stage 11 Embryo
A ventral view of the embryo head region (Carnegie stage 11, week 4, 25 days, 20 somite pairs) showing the buccopharyngeal membrane breaking down and opening the gastrointestinal tract to the amnion.
Note the position at the "floor" of the stomedeum and relative to the first pharyngeal arch and triangular shape. Midline crack in head is an artefact.
Bright Field | Scanning EM | Scanning EM |
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Abnormalities
Persistence of the buccopharyngeal membrane can lead to several orofacial abnormalities:
- choanal atresia - narrowing of the rear opening of the nasal cavity.
- oral synechiaes - fibrous bands between the mucosal surfaces of the upper and lower alveolar ridges.
- cleft palate - failure of the maxillary shelves to fuse to form the palate.[2]
A mouse model has shown that hedgehog mediates persistence of the buccopharyngeal membrane.[3]
References
- ↑ Houssin NS, Bharathan NK, Turner SD & Dickinson AJ. (2017). Role of JNK during buccopharyngeal membrane perforation, the last step of embryonic mouth formation. Dev. Dyn. , 246, 100-115. PMID: 28032936 DOI.
- ↑ Pillai KG, Kamath VV, Kumar GS & Nagamani N. (1990). Persistent buccopharyngeal membrane with cleft palate. A case report. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. , 69, 164-6. PMID: 2304741
- ↑ Tabler JM, Bolger TG, Wallingford J & Liu KJ. (2014). Hedgehog activity controls opening of the primary mouth. Dev. Biol. , 396, 1-7. PMID: 25300580 DOI.
Reviews
Chen J, Jacox LA, Saldanha F & Sive H. (2017). Mouth development. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol , 6, . PMID: 28514120 DOI.
Articles
Houssin NS, Bharathan NK, Turner SD & Dickinson AJ. (2017). Role of JNK during buccopharyngeal membrane perforation, the last step of embryonic mouth formation. Dev. Dyn. , 246, 100-115. PMID: 28032936 DOI.
Arcand P & Haikal J. (1988). Persistent buccopharyngeal membrane. J Otolaryngol , 17, 125-7. PMID: 3385865
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Buccopharyngeal membrane. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Buccopharyngeal_membrane
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G