BGDB Face and Ear - Late Embryo: Difference between revisions
mNo edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
(24 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
* Failure of this embryonic process leads to '''cleft lip'''. | * Failure of this embryonic process leads to '''cleft lip'''. | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Stage16 em01.jpg|Week 6 (stage | File:Stage16 em01.jpg|Week 6 (stage {{CS16}}) | ||
File:Stage17 em02.jpg|Week 6 (stage | File:Stage17 em02.jpg|Week 6 (stage {{CS17}}) | ||
File:Stage18 em01.jpg|Week 7 (stage | File:Stage18 em01.jpg|Week 7 (stage {{CS18}}) | ||
File:Stage19 em01.jpg|Week 7 (stage | File:Stage19 em01.jpg|Week 7 (stage {{CS19}}) | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
[[File:Stage16-18_face.jpg|600px]][[File:Bailey140.jpg|300px]] | [[File:Stage16-18_face.jpg|600px]][[File:Bailey140.jpg|300px]] | ||
Above images show face development through week 6 to week 7 ( | Above images show face development through week 6 to week 7 (1 mm scale markings). | ||
The animation shows the early fusion of the primary palate in the human embryo between stage | The animation shows the early fusion of the primary palate in the human embryo between stage {{CS17}} and {{CS18}}, going from an epithelial seam to the mesenchymal bridge. | ||
{| | {| | ||
| [[File:Face animation.gif]] | |||
[[Face Development Movie]] | [[Media:Face_001.mp4|MP4 movie]] | [[Face Development Movie]] | [[Media:Face_001.mp4|MP4 movie]] | ||
| | | This animation shows a ventral view of development of the human face from approximately week 5 through to neonate. | ||
This animation shows a ventral view of development of the human face from approximately week 5 through to neonate. | |||
The separate embryonic components that contribute to the face have been colour coded. | The separate embryonic components that contribute to the face have been colour coded. | ||
Line 41: | Line 39: | ||
==Week 8== | ==Week 8== | ||
===Head Surface=== | |||
{| | |||
! Bright Field | |||
! Scanning EM | |||
|- | |||
| [[File:ME45 001.jpg|300px]] | |||
| [[File:ME45 002.jpg|500px]] | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=2|<center>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</center> | |||
|- | |||
| colspan=2| | |||
<html5media height="400" width="612">File:Stage23 MRI 3D04.mp4</html5media> | |||
[[Media:Stage23 MRI 3D04.mp4|'''Click Here''' to play on mobile device]] | |||
|} | |||
<gallery caption="Oral Cavity ([[Carnegie stage 23|stage 23]])"> | <gallery caption="Oral Cavity ([[Carnegie stage 23|stage 23]])"> | ||
Line 53: | Line 67: | ||
[[File:Stage_22_image_159.jpg|120px]] [[:File:Stage 22 image 159.jpg|'''Selected Head Images''']]: [[:File:Stage_22_image_160.jpg|B4 - Choroid Plexus]] | [[:File:Stage_22_image_161.jpg|B5 - Cochlea]] | [[:File:Stage_22_image_162.jpg|B6 - Cochlea]] | [[File:Stage_22_image_159.jpg|120px]] [[:File:Stage 22 image 159.jpg|'''Selected Head Images''']]: [[:File:Stage_22_image_160.jpg|B4 - Choroid Plexus]] | [[:File:Stage_22_image_161.jpg|B5 - Cochlea]] | [[:File:Stage_22_image_162.jpg|B6 - Cochlea]] | ||
===Palate=== | ===Palate=== | ||
Line 61: | Line 73: | ||
| The dark "pear-shaped" central structure at the top is the developing tongue. The two pale regions either side are the palatal shelves, note that they have not yet fused in the midline (failure of this process is cleft palate). | | The dark "pear-shaped" central structure at the top is the developing tongue. The two pale regions either side are the palatal shelves, note that they have not yet fused in the midline (failure of this process is cleft palate). | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Tongue=== | |||
{{Tongue cartoon gallery}} | |||
Week 7 to 8 tongue and oral cavity. | |||
{| | |||
! Stage {{CS19}} | |||
! Stage {{CS21}} | |||
! Stage {{CS23}} | |||
|- | |||
| [[File:Human embryonic tongue 09.jpg|300px]] | |||
| [[File:Human embryonic tongue 10.jpg|300px]] | |||
| [[File:Human embryonic tongue 11.jpg|300px]] | |||
|} | |||
Taste buds will develop and be located in the: fungiform papillae, foliate papillae, and circumvallate papillae. | |||
===Hearing=== | |||
{| | {| | ||
| [[File:Stage_22_image_219.jpg|200px]] | | [[File:Stage_22_image_219.jpg|200px]] | ||
| Behind that a pale cartilagenous region (that later ossifies) encloses the structuctures of the inner ear, beside which middle ear bones are forming. On the righthand side of the head the external ear is visible. The lower half of the image shows the developing brainstem with a large ventricular space occupied in part by an extensive choroid plexus (manufacturer of cerebrospinal fluid). | | Behind that a pale cartilagenous region (that later ossifies) encloses the structuctures of the inner ear, beside which middle ear bones are forming. On the righthand side of the head the external ear is visible. The lower half of the image shows the developing brainstem with a large ventricular space occupied in part by an extensive choroid plexus (manufacturer of cerebrospinal fluid). | ||
| valign=bottom|{{SlideStage22-11}} | |||
|} | |||
{| | |||
| [[File:Streeter1906 plate01.jpg|400px]] | |||
Embryonic development of the human membranous labyrinth. | |||
| [[File:Streeter1906 plate02.jpg|400px]] | |||
Membranous labyrinth and acoustic complex model reconstructed from week 8 human embryo (CRL 30 mm). Note that by the end of the embryonic period the adult external structure has been achieved, internal development continues through the fetal period. | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Embryonic External Ear=== | ===Embryonic External Ear=== | ||
Shown below are the changes in external ear development between week 5 to week 8. Development changes from a series of 6 hillocks on arch 1 and arch 2 (week 5) to a structure resembling the adult ear (week 8). | Shown below are the changes in external ear development between week 5 to week 8. Development changes from a series of 6 hillocks on arch 1 and arch 2 (week 5) to a structure resembling the adult ear (week 8). | ||
Line 76: | Line 111: | ||
[[File:External_ear_stages-14-23-adult.jpg|600px]] | [[File:External_ear_stages-14-23-adult.jpg|600px]] | ||
{{BGDB Practical 6 - Late Embryo Interactive}} | |||
{{BGDB Face}} | {{BGDB Face}} | ||
<br> | |||
==Additional Information== | ==Additional Information== | ||
{{Med Prac additional Information}} | {{Med Prac additional Information}} | ||
=== | ===Cranial Nerves=== | ||
{{Cranial Nerve Table collapsible}} | |||
===Palate=== | |||
{{Palate terms}} | |||
===Historic=== | |||
{{Ref-Streeter1906ear}} | |||
[[File:Streeter1906 plate01.jpg|600px]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
{| | |||
| | | [[File:Gray0924.jpg|500px]] | ||
Adult Membranous Labrynth | |||
| | |||
===The Membranous Labyrinth=== | |||
The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the bony cavities just described, and has the same general form as these; it is, however, considerably smaller, and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph. In certain places it is fixed to the walls of the cavity. The membranous labyrinth contains fluid, the endolymph, and on its walls the ramifications of the acoustic nerve are distributed. | |||
Within the osseous vestibule the membranous labyrinth does not quite preserve the form of the bony cavity, but consists of two membranous sacs, the utricle, and the saccule. | |||
===The Utricle=== | |||
The utricle, the larger of the two, is of an oblong form, compressed transversely, and occupies the upper and back part of the vestibule, lying in contact with the recessus ellipticus and the part below it. That portion which is lodged in the recess forms a sort of pouch or cul-de-sac, the floor and anterior wall of which are thickened, and form the macula acustica utriculi, which receives the utricular filaments of the acoustic nerve. The cavity of the utricle communicates behind with the semicircular ducts by five orifices. From its anterior wall is given off the ductus utriculosaccularis, which opens into the ductus endolymphaticus. | |||
===The Saccule=== | |||
The saccule is the smaller of the two vestibular sacs; it is globular in form, and lies in the recessus sphæricus near the opening of the scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Its anterior part exhibits an oval thickening, the macula acustica sacculi, to which are distributed the saccular filaments of the acoustic nerve. Its cavity does not directly communicate with that of the utricle. From the posterior wall a canal, the ductus endolymphaticus, is given off; this duct is joined by the ductus utriculosaccularis, and then passes along the aquæductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch (saccus endolymphaticus) on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater. From the lower part of the saccule a short tube, the canalis reuniens of Hensen, passes downward and opens into the ductus cochlearis near its vestibular extremity. | |||
===The Semicircular Ducts=== | |||
(''ductus semicirculares''; membranous semicircular canals), The semicircular ducts are about one-fourth of the diameter of the osseous canals, but in number, shape, and general form they are precisely similar, and each presents at one end an ampulla. They open by five orifices into the utricle, one opening being common to the medial end of the superior and the upper end of the posterior duct. In the ampullæ the wall is thickened, and projects into the cavity as a fiddle-shaped, transversely placed elevation, the septum transversum, in which the nerves end. | |||
The utricle, saccule, and semicircular ducts are held in position by numerous fibrous bands which stretch across the space between them and the bony walls. | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Terms=== | |||
{{Head terms}} | |||
{{BGDBFooter}} | {{BGDBFooter}} |
Latest revision as of 20:56, 12 May 2019
Practical 6: Trilaminar Embryo | Early Embryo | Late Embryo | Fetal | Postnatal | Abnormalities |
Week 6
Primary Palate
- Beginning week 6 there is fusion of the upper lip.
- Formed by the maxillary prominences of of the first pharyngeal arch and the frontonasal prominence.
- Failure of this embryonic process leads to cleft lip.
Above images show face development through week 6 to week 7 (1 mm scale markings).
The animation shows the early fusion of the primary palate in the human embryo between stage 17 and 18, going from an epithelial seam to the mesenchymal bridge.
Week 8
Head Surface
Bright Field | Scanning EM |
---|---|
<html5media height="400" width="612">File:Stage23 MRI 3D04.mp4</html5media> |
Selected Head Images: B4 - Choroid Plexus | B5 - Cochlea | B6 - Cochlea
Palate
Tongue
Tongue Development Parts
Tongue Week 8, (GA week 10)
Week 7 to 8 tongue and oral cavity.
Stage 19 | Stage 21 | Stage 23 |
---|---|---|
Taste buds will develop and be located in the: fungiform papillae, foliate papillae, and circumvallate papillae.
Hearing
Behind that a pale cartilagenous region (that later ossifies) encloses the structuctures of the inner ear, beside which middle ear bones are forming. On the righthand side of the head the external ear is visible. The lower half of the image shows the developing brainstem with a large ventricular space occupied in part by an extensive choroid plexus (manufacturer of cerebrospinal fluid). |
|
Embryonic External Ear
Shown below are the changes in external ear development between week 5 to week 8. Development changes from a series of 6 hillocks on arch 1 and arch 2 (week 5) to a structure resembling the adult ear (week 8).
Late Embryo Interactive Component
Attempt the Quiz - Late Embryo | |
---|---|
Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Late Embryo from the lecture and practical.
|
Practical 6: Trilaminar Embryo | Early Embryo | Late Embryo | Fetal | Postnatal | Abnormalities |
Additional Information
Additional Information - Content shown under this heading is not part of the material covered in this class. It is provided for those students who would like to know about some concepts or current research in topics related to the current class page. |
Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerves | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nerve Number | Name | Type | Origin | Function |
CN I | Olfactory | sensory | telencephalon | smell placode |
CN II | Optic | sensory | retinal ganglial cells | vision |
CN III | Oculomotor | motor | anterior midbrain | extraocular muscles eye movements and pupil dilation (motor) |
CN IV | Trochlear | motor | dorsal midbrain | extraocular muscles (superior oblique muscle) |
CN V | Trigeminal | motor/sensory | pons | touch, mastication |
CN VI | Abducent | motor | extraocular muscles | control eye movements (lateral rectus muscle) |
CN VII | Facial | motor/sensory | pons | facial expression, taste (tongue anterior and central regions) regulate salivary production. |
CN VIII | Acoustic | sensory | vestibular and cochlear nuclei | hearing, placode |
CN IX | Glossopharyngeal | motor/sensory | medulla | swallowing and speech, taste (tongue posterior region) |
CN X | Vagus | motor/sensory | medulla | larynx and pharynx muscles (speech and swallowing), regulates heartbeat, sweating, and peristalsis |
CN XI | Accessory | motor | motor neurons | sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles |
CN XII | Hypoglossal | motor | motor neurons | tongue muscles (speech, eating and other oral functions) |
Palate
Palate Development (expand to see terms) |
---|
|
Other Terms Lists |
---|
Terms Lists: ART | Birth | Bone | Cardiovascular | Cell Division | Endocrine | Gastrointestinal | Genital | Genetic | Head | Hearing | Heart | Immune | Integumentary | Neonatal | Neural | Oocyte | Palate | Placenta | Radiation | Renal | Respiratory | Spermatozoa | Statistics | Tooth | Ultrasound | Vision | Historic | Drugs | Glossary |
Historic
Streeter GL. On the development of the membranous labyrinth and the acoustic and facial nerves in the human embryo. (1906) Amer. J Anat. 6:139-165.
Terms
Head Terms (expand to view) |
---|
|
Other Terms Lists |
---|
Terms Lists: ART | Birth | Bone | Cardiovascular | Cell Division | Endocrine | Gastrointestinal | Genital | Genetic | Head | Hearing | Heart | Immune | Integumentary | Neonatal | Neural | Oocyte | Palate | Placenta | Radiation | Renal | Respiratory | Spermatozoa | Statistics | Tooth | Ultrasound | Vision | Historic | Drugs | Glossary |
BGDB: Lecture - Gastrointestinal System | Practical - Gastrointestinal System | Lecture - Face and Ear | Practical - Face and Ear | Lecture - Endocrine | Lecture - Sexual Differentiation | Practical - Sexual Differentiation | Tutorial
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology BGDB Face and Ear - Late Embryo. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/BGDB_Face_and_Ear_-_Late_Embryo
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G