Apgar test: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:45, 27 May 2010

A historic neonatal test designed by Dr Virginia Apgar^[1] used in nearly all maternity clinics to assess the newborn infants well being assigned scores for each of 5 indicators: Heart Rate, Respiratory Effort, Reflex Irritability, Muscle Tone, Colour

Measured at one and five minutes after birth the Score values are totalled for all indicators: 7-10 is considered normal, 4-7 may require resuscitative measures, 3 and below require immediate resuscitation.

In recent years there has been some controversy of the relevance and accuracy of some of the criteria used in this test, though many feel it is still an invaluable initial assessment tool particularly where medical services are limited.

Indicator	Score 0	Score 1	Score 2
Activity (muscle tone)	Limp; no movement	Some flexion of arms and legs	Active motion
Pulse (heart rate)	No heart rate	Fewer than 100 beats per minute	At least 100 beats per minute
Grimace (reflex response)	No response to airways being suctioned	Grimace during suctioning	Grimace and pull away, cough, or sneeze during suctioning
Appearance (color)	The baby's whole body is completely bluish-gray or pale	Good color in body with bluish hands or feet	Good color all over
Respiration (breathing)	Not breathing	Weak cry; may sound like whimpering, slow or irregular breathing	Good, strong cry; normal rate and effort of breathing

Recent Apgar Studies

management of eclampsia patients at a tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Kidanto HL, Mogren I, Massawe SN, Lindmark G, Nystrom L. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2009 Mar 27;9:13. PMCID: PMC2670812

"A five-minute Apgar score <7 has a consistent association with prevalence of neurologic disability and with low cognitive function in early adulthood."

Two large neonatal studies have examined whether the Apgar score is still a relevant neonatal assessment tool.

Low 5-minute Apgar score: a population-based register study of 1 million term births. Thorngren-Jerneck K, Herbst A. Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Jul;98(1):65-70. PMID: 11430958

The continuing value of the Apgar score for the assessment of newborn infants. Casey BM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ N Engl J Med. 2001 Feb 15;344(7):467-71. PMID: 11172187

References

↑ <pubmed>13083014</pubmed>

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 19) Embryology Apgar test. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Apgar_test

What Links Here?

[1] <pubmed>13083014</pubmed>

[1]

@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 |}
+=== Recent Apgar Studies ===
+* management of eclampsia patients at a tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Kidanto HL, Mogren I, Massawe SN, Lindmark G, Nystrom L. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2009 Mar 27;9:13. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2670267/ PMCID: PMC2670812]
+:"A five-minute Apgar score <7 has a consistent association with prevalence of neurologic disability and with low cognitive function in early adulthood."
+Two large neonatal studies have examined whether the Apgar score is still a relevant neonatal assessment tool.
+* Low 5-minute Apgar score: a population-based register study of 1 million term births. Thorngren-Jerneck K, Herbst A.  Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Jul;98(1):65-70.  [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11430958 PMID: 11430958]
+* The continuing value of the Apgar score for the assessment of newborn infants. Casey BM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ N Engl J Med. 2001 Feb 15;344(7):467-71. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11172187 PMID: 11172187]