Abnormal Development - Herbal Drugs: Difference between revisions
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File:Banisteriopsis caapi vine.jpg|link=#Ayahuasca|Ayahuasca (AYA, iowaska, yagé) | File:Banisteriopsis caapi vine.jpg|link=#Ayahuasca|Ayahuasca (AYA, iowaska, yagé) | ||
File:Cimicifuga_racemosa.jpg|link=#Black Cohosh|Black Cohosh | File:Cimicifuga_racemosa.jpg|link=#Black Cohosh|Black Cohosh | ||
File:Cats-claw.jpg|Cat’s Claw (''Uncaria tomentosa'', ''Uncaria guianensis'') | File:Cats-claw.jpg|link=#Cat’s Claw|Cat’s Claw (''Uncaria tomentosa'', ''Uncaria guianensis'') | ||
File:Ephedra-Sinica.jpg|Ephedra (''Ephedra sinica'') | File:Ephedra-Sinica.jpg|link=#Ephedra|Ephedra (''Ephedra sinica'') | ||
File:Feverfew 02.jpg|Feverfew (''Tanacetum parthenium'', ''Chrysanthemum parthenium'') | File:Feverfew 02.jpg|link=#Feverfew|Feverfew (''Tanacetum parthenium'', ''Chrysanthemum parthenium'') | ||
File:Ginkgo_biloba.jpg|Ginkgo Biloba | File:Ginkgo_biloba.jpg|link=#Ginkgo Biloba|Ginkgo Biloba | ||
File:Goldenseal.jpg|Goldenseal (''Hydrastis canadensis'') | File:Goldenseal.jpg|link=#Goldenseal|Goldenseal (''Hydrastis canadensis'') | ||
File:Horsetail.jpg|Field Horsetail (''Equisetum arvense'') | File:Horsetail.jpg|link=#Horsetail|Field Horsetail (''Equisetum arvense'') | ||
File:Red clover.jpg|Red clover (''Trifolium pratense'') | File:Red clover.jpg|link=#Red Clover|Red clover (''Trifolium pratense'') | ||
File:St._John%27s_Wort.jpg|St. John's Wort (''Hypericum perforatum'', goatweed) | File:St._John%27s_Wort.jpg|St. John's Wort (''Hypericum perforatum'', goatweed) | ||
File:Yohimbine_structure.jpg|Yohimbe (''Pausinystalia yohimbe'') | File:Yohimbine_structure.jpg|Yohimbe (''Pausinystalia yohimbe'') |
Revision as of 15:12, 29 June 2020
Embryology - 28 Mar 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Educational Use Only - Embryology is an educational resource for learning concepts in embryological development, no clinical information is provided and content should not be used for any other purpose. |
Introduction
This page introduces the possible effects of maternal use of herbal drugs (therapeutic chemicals/agents) on development. In some cases these drugs are "prescribed" to treat pre-existing or pregnancy related maternal medical conditions. In all cases, a discussion with a medical practioner should be had prior to any reproductive decision.
The following herbal drugs have been used for a number of different maternal conditions: Ginkgo Biloba, Kava (Piper methysticum), St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), Tian Ma (Gastrodia elata), Valerian (Valeriana officinalis). In some cases very little is known about the potential teratogenic effects of these drugs. Furthermore, care should be made when comparing evaluation of drugs in different species.[1]
The National Center Complementary and Alternative Medicine (USA) provides excellent summary information sheets on many of the commonly used herbal treatments, though many of these information sheets do not include information about herbal drug use during pregnancy. This current page gives some examples of herbs which may impact on development, for further information see NIH - Herbs at a Glance PDF.
Educational Use Only - Embryology is an educational resource for learning concepts in embryological development, no clinical information is provided and content should not be used for any other purpose. |
Some Recent Findings
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Ayahuasca
Ayahuasca (AYA, iowaska, yagé) is a psychoactive substance made by South American natives from of Banisteriopsis caapi vine and other ingredients. A recent study in rats[2] at a range of ayahuasca concentrations, corresponding from 1x to 8x the human dosage, demonstrated a number of fetotoxic effects:
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Black Cohosh
Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa, Cimicifuga racemosa, black snakeroot, macrotys, bugbane, bugwort, rattleroot, rattleweed) is a member of the buttercup family and is native to North America. It is not clear if black cohosh is safe for women with a liver disorder, hormone-sensitive conditions, or for pregnant women or nursing mothers.
Black cohosh should not be confused with blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides).
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Cat’s Claw
Cat’s Claw (Uncaria tomentosa, Uncaria guianensis) should be avoided because of its past use for preventing and aborting pregnancy. |
Chasteberry
Chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus, chaste-tree berry, vitex, monk’s pepper) is the fruit of the chaste tree. This herb may affect certain hormone levels, women who are pregnant or taking birth control pills or who have a hormone-sensitive condition (such as breast cancer) should not use chasteberry.
Search PubMed: Chasteberry Teratogen | Chasteberry | Vitex agnus-castus
Ephedra
Ephedra (Ephedra sinica) is an evergreen shrub-like plant, the principal active ingredient ephedrine can powerfully stimulate the nervous system and heart. In 2004, the FDA banned the U.S. sale of dietary supplements containing ephedra.
Specific ingredients include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polysaccharides, organic acids, volatile oils, and many other active compounds.[5] Search PubMed: Ephedra Teratogen | Ephedra |
Fenugreek
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is a legume plant who's seeds are commonly as a food spice. It was used historically for inducing childbirth.
Search PubMed: Fenugreek Teratogen | Fenugreek
Feverfew
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo leaf extract has been used to treat a variety of ailments and conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, and tinnitus (ringing or roaring sounds in the ears).
Extracts are usually taken from the ginkgo leaf and are used to make tablets, capsules, or teas. Occasionally, ginkgo extracts are used in skin products. Search PubMed: Ginkgo Teratogen |
Goldenseal
Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis, orange-root, yellow-root) is a perennial herb in the buttercup family, it contains the chemical berberine that can cause or worsen jaundice in newborns and may lead to a life-threatening problem called kernicterus.
Search PubMed: Goldenseal Teratogen |
Horsetail
Field Horsetail or Common Horsetail (Equisetum arvense, rhizomatous stem formation) is a bushy perennial herb native to the northern hemisphere.
The herb contains containing thiaminase, an enzyme that with long-term use can lead to vitamin deficiency. Has been used in weight loss diets, and a case report has identified that combined with alcohol linked to autism spectrum disorder.[3]
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Licorice Root
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, gan zao (Chinese licorice)) contains a compound called glycyrrhizin (or glycyrrhizic acid) and consuming large amounts of licorice as food may alter cortisol and related steroid drug levels, as well as increase the risk of preterm labor.
Red Clover
Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a legume and contains phytoestrogens, compounds that are similar to the female hormone estrogen. |
St. John's Wort
Yohimbe
Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe ) is derived from the bark of a tall evergreen tree native to western Africa. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not take yohimbe.
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References
- ↑ Nau H. (1986). Species differences in pharmacokinetics and drug teratogenesis. Environ. Health Perspect. , 70, 113-29. PMID: 3104022
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 da Motta LG, de Morais JA, Tavares ACAM, Vianna LMS, Mortari MR, Amorim RFB, Carvalho RR, Paumgartten FJR, Pic-Taylor A & Caldas ED. (2018). Maternal and developmental toxicity of the hallucinogenic plant-based beverage ayahuasca in rats. Reprod. Toxicol. , , . PMID: 29522798 DOI.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ortega García JA, Angulo MG, Sobrino-Najul EJ, Soldin OP, Mira AP, Martínez-Salcedo E & Claudio L. (2011). Prenatal exposure of a girl with autism spectrum disorder to 'horsetail' (Equisetum arvense) herbal remedy and alcohol: a case report. J Med Case Rep , 5, 129. PMID: 21453474 DOI.
- ↑ Fernandes ES, Pinto RM, de Paula Reis JE, de Oliveira Guerra M & Peters VM. (2010). Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on the embryo-fetal development in Wistar rats. Birth Defects Res. B Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. , 89, 133-8. PMID: 20437472 DOI.
- ↑ Miao SM, Zhang Q, Bi XB, Cui JL & Wang ML. (2020). A review of the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Ephedra herb. Chin J Nat Med , 18, 321-344. PMID: 32451091 DOI.
Books
- Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2nd edition. Benzie IFF, Wachtel-Galor S, editors. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2011. Bookshelf
Reviews
- Saunders EJ, Saunders JA. Drug therapy in pregnancy: the lessons of diethylstilbestrol, thalidomide, and bendectin. Health Care Women Int. 1990;11(4):423-32.
Articles
- McBride WG. Prescription drugs in the first trimester and congenital malformations. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1992 Nov;32(4):386.
Search Pubmed
June 2010 "herbal drugs in pregnancy" All (395) Review (50) Free Full Text (30)
Search Pubmed: herbal drugs in pregnancy | herbal drug teratogen
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
- National Center Complementary and Alternative Medicine (USA)
- NIH - Herbs at a Glance PDF
- United Nations International Drug Control Programme
- Australian Drug Foundation (ADF)
- Centre for Education and Information on Drugs and Alcohol (CEIDA) (Australia)
- Child Health and Safety (Australia)
- NIDA (USA)- Consequences of Prenatal Drug Exposure
- Australian Medicines Handbook (no electronic version yet)
- Australian Congenital Anomalies Monitoring System (ACAMS)
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)
Terms
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Glossary Links
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 28) Embryology Abnormal Development - Herbal Drugs. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Abnormal_Development_-_Herbal_Drugs
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G