2011 Group Project 9
Note - This page is an undergraduate science embryology student group project 2011. |
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2011 Projects: Turner Syndrome | DiGeorge Syndrome | Klinefelter's Syndrome | Huntington's Disease | Fragile X Syndrome | Tetralogy of Fallot | Angelman Syndrome | Friedreich's Ataxia | Williams-Beuren Syndrome | Duchenne Muscular Dystrolphy | Cleft Palate and Lip
Williams-Beuren Syndrome
Introduction
Williams-Beuren Syndrome, more commonly known as William’s Syndrome, is a congenital anomaly caused by the deletion of 28 neighbouring genes on chromosome 7q11.23. [1] [2]
This multisystemic developmental genetic disorder implicates both pre-natal and post-natal physical, psychological, behavioural and medical defects, including diverse phenotypic characteristics such as:
- distinctive facial deformities
- a short stature
- intellectual disabilities/mental retardation
- cardiovascular abnormalities
- infantile hypercalcemia
- a unique personality and cognitive profile. [3] [4]
History of the disease
Timeline
Etiology
Diagnosis
Genetic Factors
Williams Syndrome, a genomic disorder, occurs due to a hemizygous deletion/nonallelic homologous recombination(NAHR) spanning 1.55 or 1.84Mb on chromosome 7q11.23 which encompasses 28 genes.[5] [6]
Physical Characteristics
Associated medical conditions
Cardiac Abnormalities
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
Valvular aortic stenosis
Bicuspid aortic valve
Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral regurgitation
Coronary artery stenosis
Pulmonary valve stenosis
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Cognitive, Behavioural and Neurological Problems
Epidemiology
Management/treatment
Specialized Facilities/ supportive associations
Case studies
Interesting facts
Current research and developments
Glossary
Congenital anomaly:
Hemizygous:
Nonallelic homozygous recombination(NAHR):
Phenotype:
Hypercalcemia:
References
- ↑ Morris CA (2010). ‘Introduction: Williams Syndrome’. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics, Volume 154C, Issue 2, pp 203-208 PMID 20425781
- ↑ http://omim.org/entry/194050
- ↑ Morris CA (2010). ‘Introduction: Williams Syndrome’. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics, Volume 154C, Issue 2, pp 203-208 PMID 20425781
- ↑ Ferrero GB et al. (2010). ‘An atypical 7q11.23 deletion in a normal IQ Williams-Beuren syndrome patient’. European Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 18, Issue 1, pp 33-38 PMID 19568270
- ↑ Morris CA (2010). ‘Introduction: Williams Syndrome’. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics, Volume 154C, Issue 2, pp 203-208 PMID 20425781
- ↑ Ferrero GB et al. (2010). ‘An atypical 7q11.23 deletion in a normal IQ Williams-Beuren syndrome patient’. European Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 18, Issue 1, pp 33-38 PMID 19568270