2011 Group Project 4: Difference between revisions
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Huntington’s Disease is most commonly diagnosed at the onset on symptoms, typically in the middle ages. The diagnosis is relatively simple in patients with typical symptoms. Diagnosis is important to ensure that this disease is not confused with similar diseases, which mimic similar characteristics <ref><pubmed>17240289</pubmed></ref>. These include tardive dyskinesia, chorea gravidarum, hyperthyroid chorea and Neuroacanthocytosis <ref><pubmed>16003113</pubmed></ref>. In children, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis can easily be mistaken for Huntington’s disease as they both present with very similar clinical presentations <ref><pubmed>11807185</pubmed></ref>. Huntington’s disease can also be diagnosed when a patient is asymptomatic, by genetic testing. This also enables detection of the disease in embryos. | Huntington’s Disease is most commonly diagnosed at the onset on symptoms, typically in the middle ages. The diagnosis is relatively simple in patients with typical symptoms. Diagnosis is important to ensure that this disease is not confused with similar diseases, which mimic similar characteristics <ref><pubmed>17240289</pubmed></ref>. These include tardive dyskinesia, chorea gravidarum, hyperthyroid chorea and Neuroacanthocytosis <ref><pubmed>16003113</pubmed></ref>. In children, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis can easily be mistaken for Huntington’s disease as they both present with very similar clinical presentations <ref><pubmed>11807185</pubmed></ref>. Huntington’s disease can also be diagnosed when a patient is asymptomatic, by genetic testing. This also enables detection of the disease in embryos. | ||
===Neuropathology=== | |||
Anton (1896) and Lannois (1897) were the first to observe neuropathological changes associated with Huntington’s disease. They independently noted the degeneration of the striatum in patients with Huntington’s disease <ref><pubmed>2147116</pubmed></ref>. Numerous other neuropathological abnormalities have now been identified in different parts of the brain including the subtalamic regions, pons and medulla oblongata, the spinal cord, amygdala, cerebellum, superior olive as well as the claustrum <ref><pubmed>2932539</pubmed></ref>. The neuropathological hallmark of Huntington’s disease is now know to be the gradual loss of spiny GABAergic projection neurons of the neostriatum. This is accompanied with the atrophy of the caudate of nucleus, putamen and external segment of the globus pallidus <ref><pubmed>21496571</pubmed>. | |||
==Clinical Manifestations== | ==Clinical Manifestations== | ||
Revision as of 20:14, 30 August 2011
| Note - This page is an undergraduate science embryology student group project 2011. |
Huntington's Disease
Introduction
History
Pathogenesis and Genetics
Diagnostic Tests
Huntington’s Disease is most commonly diagnosed at the onset on symptoms, typically in the middle ages. The diagnosis is relatively simple in patients with typical symptoms. Diagnosis is important to ensure that this disease is not confused with similar diseases, which mimic similar characteristics [1]. These include tardive dyskinesia, chorea gravidarum, hyperthyroid chorea and Neuroacanthocytosis [2]. In children, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis can easily be mistaken for Huntington’s disease as they both present with very similar clinical presentations [3]. Huntington’s disease can also be diagnosed when a patient is asymptomatic, by genetic testing. This also enables detection of the disease in embryos.
Neuropathology
Anton (1896) and Lannois (1897) were the first to observe neuropathological changes associated with Huntington’s disease. They independently noted the degeneration of the striatum in patients with Huntington’s disease [4]. Numerous other neuropathological abnormalities have now been identified in different parts of the brain including the subtalamic regions, pons and medulla oblongata, the spinal cord, amygdala, cerebellum, superior olive as well as the claustrum [5]. The neuropathological hallmark of Huntington’s disease is now know to be the gradual loss of spiny GABAergic projection neurons of the neostriatum. This is accompanied with the atrophy of the caudate of nucleus, putamen and external segment of the globus pallidus Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
- Using adult neurotrophic factor-secreting stem cells. [6]
Current/Future Research
External Links
Glossary
References
2011 Projects: Turner Syndrome | DiGeorge Syndrome | Klinefelter's Syndrome | Huntington's Disease | Fragile X Syndrome | Tetralogy of Fallot | Angelman Syndrome | Friedreich's Ataxia | Williams-Beuren Syndrome | Duchenne Muscular Dystrolphy | Cleft Palate and Lip
