Yolk Sac Development - Revision history

Z8600021 at 00:30, 5 Mayıs 2019

2019-05-05T00:30:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:30, 5 Mayıs 2019
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	The {{yolk stalk}} normally degenerates around the time the midgut herniation return to the peritoneal cavity and the anterior body wall closes (week 8). Failure of complete degeneration of this structure can lead to a common intestinal abnormality, [[#Meckel's Diverticulum\|Meckel's diverticulum]]. (More? {{Meckel's diverticulum}}, [[Embryology History - Johann Meckel\|Johann Meckel]])		The {{yolk stalk}} normally degenerates around the time the midgut herniation return to the peritoneal cavity and the anterior body wall closes (week 8). Failure of complete degeneration of this structure can lead to a common intestinal abnormality, [[#Meckel's Diverticulum\|Meckel's diverticulum]]. (More? {{Meckel's diverticulum}}, [[Embryology History - Johann Meckel\|Johann Meckel]])

			<br>
	{{Coelomic Cavity Links}}		{{Coelomic Cavity Links}}

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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'' \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel%27s+diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vitelline+Duct ''Vitelline Duct''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel%27s+diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']

	\|}		\|}

Z8600021 at 07:05, 18 March 2019

2019-03-18T07:05:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:05, 18 March 2019
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'' \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel's+~~Diverticulum~~ ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'' \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel%27s+diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']

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Z8600021 at 07:03, 18 March 2019

2019-03-18T07:03:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:03, 18 March 2019
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'' \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel's+Diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'' \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel's+Diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']

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Z8600021 at 06:13, 18 March 2019

2019-03-18T06:13:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:13, 18 March 2019
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	* '''New development of the yolk sac theory in diabetic embryopathy: molecular mechanism and link to structural birth defects'''{{#pmid:26432466\|PMID26432466}} "Maternal diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for structural birth defects, including congenital heart defects and neural tube defects. ...The yolk sac vascular system is the first system to develop during embryogenesis; therefore, it is the most sensitive to hyperglycemia. The consequences of yolk sac injuries include impairment of nutrient transportation because of vasculopathy. Although the functional relationship between yolk sac vasculopathy and structural birth defects has not yet been established, a recent study reveals that the quality of yolk sac vasculature is related inversely to embryonic malformation rates."		* '''New development of the yolk sac theory in diabetic embryopathy: molecular mechanism and link to structural birth defects'''{{#pmid:26432466\|PMID26432466}} "Maternal diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for structural birth defects, including congenital heart defects and neural tube defects. ...The yolk sac vascular system is the first system to develop during embryogenesis; therefore, it is the most sensitive to hyperglycemia. The consequences of yolk sac injuries include impairment of nutrient transportation because of vasculopathy. Although the functional relationship between yolk sac vasculopathy and structural birth defects has not yet been established, a recent study reveals that the quality of yolk sac vasculature is related inversely to embryonic malformation rates."

	* '''Definitive Hematopoiesis in the Yolk Sac Emerges from Wnt-Responsive Hemogenic Endothelium Independently of Circulation and Arterial Identity'''{{#pmid:26418893\|PMID26418893}} "Adult-repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge in low numbers in the midgestation mouse embryo from a subset of arterial endothelium, through an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition. HSC-producing arterial hemogenic endothelium relies on the establishment of embryonic blood flow and arterial identity, and requires β-catenin signaling. Specified prior to and during the formation of these initial HSCs are thousands of yolk sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs). ...In embryos lacking a functional circulation, rounded Kit(+) EMPs still fully emerge from unremodeled yolk sac vasculature. In contrast, canonical Wnt signaling appears to be a common mechanism regulating hematopoietic emergence from hemogenic endothelium. These data illustrate the heterogeneity in hematopoietic output and spatiotemporal regulation of primary embryonic hemogenic endothelium."

	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yolk+Sac+Development ''Yolk Sac Development'' \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel's+Diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']

	~~<pubmed limit=5>Yolk Sac Development</pubmed>~~

	~~Search term:~~ [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meckel's+Diverticulum ''Meckel's Diverticulum'']

	~~<pubmed limit=5>Meckel's Diverticulum</pubmed>~~
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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	\|-		\|-
	\| {{Older papers}}		\| {{Older papers}}
			* '''Definitive Hematopoiesis in the Yolk Sac Emerges from Wnt-Responsive Hemogenic Endothelium Independently of Circulation and Arterial Identity'''{{#pmid:26418893\|PMID26418893}} "Adult-repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge in low numbers in the midgestation mouse embryo from a subset of arterial endothelium, through an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition. HSC-producing arterial hemogenic endothelium relies on the establishment of embryonic blood flow and arterial identity, and requires β-catenin signaling. Specified prior to and during the formation of these initial HSCs are thousands of yolk sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs). ...In embryos lacking a functional circulation, rounded Kit(+) EMPs still fully emerge from unremodeled yolk sac vasculature. In contrast, canonical Wnt signaling appears to be a common mechanism regulating hematopoietic emergence from hemogenic endothelium. These data illustrate the heterogeneity in hematopoietic output and spatiotemporal regulation of primary embryonic hemogenic endothelium."


	* '''Review - Coelomic epithelium-derived cells in visceral morphogenesis'''{{#pmid:26638186\|PMID26638186}} "Coelomic cavities of vertebrates are lined by a mesothelium which develops from the lateral plate mesoderm. During development, the coelomic epithelium is a highly active cell layer, which locally is able to supply mesenchymal cells that contribute to the mesodermal elements of many organs and provide signals which are necessary for their development. ... Body wall, heart, liver, lungs, gonads, and gastrointestinal tract are populated by cells derived from the coelomic epithelium which contribute to their connective and vascular tissues, and sometimes to specialized cell types such as the stellate cells of the liver, the Cajal interstitial cells of the gut or the Sertoli cells of the testicle."		* '''Review - Coelomic epithelium-derived cells in visceral morphogenesis'''{{#pmid:26638186\|PMID26638186}} "Coelomic cavities of vertebrates are lined by a mesothelium which develops from the lateral plate mesoderm. During development, the coelomic epithelium is a highly active cell layer, which locally is able to supply mesenchymal cells that contribute to the mesodermal elements of many organs and provide signals which are necessary for their development. ... Body wall, heart, liver, lungs, gonads, and gastrointestinal tract are populated by cells derived from the coelomic epithelium which contribute to their connective and vascular tissues, and sometimes to specialized cell types such as the stellate cells of the liver, the Cajal interstitial cells of the gut or the Sertoli cells of the testicle."

Z8600021 at 01:43, 28 October 2018

2018-10-28T01:43:23Z

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 {{Ref-Cullen1916}}
 <gallery>
-File:Cullen1916 fig05.jpg|Human Embryo 5 mm
+File:Cullen1916 fig01.jpg|1 Human embryo 0.7 mm
 </gallery>

Z8600021 at 00:57, 28 October 2018

2018-10-28T00:57:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:57, 28 October 2018
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			==Yolk Sac Blood Vessels==

			[[File:Notch and yolk sac blood vessels model.jpg\|400px]]

			Yolk sac blood vessels and {{Notch}} model{{#pmid:21352545\|PMID21352545}}

	~~==Week 8==~~

	==Abnormalities==		==Abnormalities==

Z8600021 at 00:55, 28 October 2018

2018-10-28T00:55:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:55, 28 October 2018
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	{{Header}}		{{Header}}
	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
	[[File:~~Amnion 001 icon~~.jpg\|thumb\|~~Yolk~~ sac ~~(ventral yellow region)~~]]		[[File:Stage17 embryo and membranes05.jpg\|thumb\|alt=Stage17 embryo and membranes\|Stage {{CS17}} embryo and yolk sac]]

	The {{yolk sac}} is an early extra-embryonic membrane which is {{endoderm}} origin and covered with extra-embryonic {{mesoderm}}. Yolk sac lies outside the embryo connected by a {{yolk stalk}} ({{vitelline duct}}, {{omphalomesenteric duct}}) to the midgut with which it forms a continuous connection. The endodermal lining is continuous with the endoderm of the gastrointestinal tract. The extra-embryonic mesoderm differentiates to form both blood and blood vessels of the vitelline system.		The {{yolk sac}} is an early extra-embryonic membrane which is {{endoderm}} origin and covered with extra-embryonic {{mesoderm}}. Yolk sac lies outside the embryo connected by a {{yolk stalk}} ({{vitelline duct}}, {{omphalomesenteric duct}}) to the midgut with which it forms a continuous connection. The endodermal lining is continuous with the endoderm of the gastrointestinal tract. The extra-embryonic mesoderm differentiates to form both blood and blood vessels of the vitelline system.

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	== Some Recent Findings ==		== Some Recent Findings ==
			[[File:Placental_membranes.jpg\|thumb\|Human Placental Membranes]]
	{\|		{\|
	\|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"		\|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"

Z8600021 at 00:52, 28 October 2018

2018-10-28T00:52:54Z

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 ===Historic===
 {{Historic Disclaimer}}
 <gallery>
 File:Keith1902 fig187.jpg|Yolk sac
 </gallery>
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 File:Cullen1916 fig05.jpg|Human Embryo 5 mm
 </gallery>
 == Terms ==

Z8600021 at 00:51, 28 October 2018

2018-10-28T00:51:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:51, 28 October 2018
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	{{Header}}		{{Header}}
	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
			[[File:Amnion 001 icon.jpg\|thumb\|Yolk sac (ventral yellow region)]]
	The {{yolk sac}} is an early extra-embryonic membrane which is {{endoderm}} origin and covered with extra-embryonic {{mesoderm}}. Yolk sac lies outside the embryo connected by a {{yolk stalk}} ({{vitelline duct}}, {{omphalomesenteric duct}}) to the midgut with which it forms a continuous connection. The endodermal lining is continuous with the endoderm of the gastrointestinal tract. The extra-embryonic mesoderm differentiates to form both blood and blood vessels of the vitelline system.		The {{yolk sac}} is an early extra-embryonic membrane which is {{endoderm}} origin and covered with extra-embryonic {{mesoderm}}. Yolk sac lies outside the embryo connected by a {{yolk stalk}} ({{vitelline duct}}, {{omphalomesenteric duct}}) to the midgut with which it forms a continuous connection. The endodermal lining is continuous with the endoderm of the gastrointestinal tract. The extra-embryonic mesoderm differentiates to form both blood and blood vessels of the vitelline system.

Z8600021 at 00:49, 28 October 2018

2018-10-28T00:49:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 28 October 2018
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	:'''Links:''' [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Abnormalities#Meckel.27s_Diverticulum\|GIT Abnormalities - Meckel's Diverticulum]] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155140 OMIM - Meckel's Diverticulum] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&term=Meckel's%20Diverticulum Pubmed - Meckel's Diverticulum] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&term=omphalomesenteric%20duct Pubmed - omphalomesenteric duct] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&term=vitelline%20duct Pubmed - vitelline duct]		:'''Links:''' [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Abnormalities#Meckel.27s_Diverticulum\|GIT Abnormalities - Meckel's Diverticulum]] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155140 OMIM - Meckel's Diverticulum] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&term=Meckel's%20Diverticulum Pubmed - Meckel's Diverticulum] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&term=omphalomesenteric%20duct Pubmed - omphalomesenteric duct] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&term=vitelline%20duct Pubmed - vitelline duct]

	===Yolk Sac Carcinoma====		===Yolk Sac Carcinoma===
	A yolk sac carcinoma (endodermal sinus tumor{{#pmid:6986787\|PMID6986787}}) is a form of germ cell tumour.		A yolk sac carcinoma (endodermal sinus tumor{{#pmid:6986787\|PMID6986787}}) is a form of germ cell tumour.