Virginia Diewert - Revision history

Z8600021: /* Selected Publications */

2020-03-16T08:38:15Z

Selected Publications

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	KEYWORDS: aponeurosis; craniofacial; hard palate; medial edge epithelium; palatal shelf; submucous cleft; tensor veli palatini; velopharyngeal		KEYWORDS: aponeurosis; craniofacial; hard palate; medial edge epithelium; palatal shelf; submucous cleft; tensor veli palatini; velopharyngeal


			===A morphometric analysis of craniofacial growth and changes in spatial relations during secondary palatal development in human embryos and fetuses===

			{{#pmid:6624691}}

			Staged human embryos and fetuses in the [[Carnegie Collection\|Carnegie Embryological Collection]] were morphometrically analyzed to show craniofacial dimensions and changes in spatial relations, and to identify patterns that would reflect normal developmental events during palatal formation. Normal embryos aged 7-8 weeks postconception (Streeter-O'Rahilly stages {{CS19}} - {{CS23}}) and fetuses aged [[Week 9\|9]] -[[Week 10\|10]] weeks postconception, in eight groups with mean crown-rump (CR) lengths of 18-49 mm, were studied with cephalometric methods developed for histologic sections. In the 4-week period studied, facial dimensions increased predominantly in the sagittal plane with extensive changes in length (depth) and height, but limited changes in width. Growth of the mandible was more rapid than the nasomaxillary complex, and the length of Meckel's cartilage exceeded the length of the oronasal cavity at the time of horizontal movement of the shelves during stage 23. Simultaneously with shelf elevation, the upper craniofacial complex lifted, and the tongue and Meckel's cartilage extended forward beneath the primary palate. Analysis of spatial relations in the oronasal cavity showed that the palatomaxillary processes became separated from the tongue--mandibular complex as the head extended, and the tongue became positioned forward with growth of Meckel's cartilage. As the head position extended by 35 degrees, the cranial base angulation was unchanged and the primary palate maintained a 90 degrees position to the posterior cranial base. However, the sagittal position of the maxilla relative to the anterior cranial base increased by 20 degrees between stages 19 and 23. In the late embryonic and early fetal periods, the mean cranial base angulation of approximately 128 degrees and the mean maxillary position angulation of approximately 84 degrees were similar to the angulations previously shown to be present later prenatally and post-natally. The results suggest that human patterns of cranial base angulation and maxillary position to the cranial base develop during the late embryonic period when the chondrocranium and Meckel's cartilage form the primary skeleton.

	==References==		==References==

Z8600021: /* Sample Images */

2018-11-27T22:21:44Z

Sample Images

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	Fetal head (12 weeks, medial)		Fetal head (12 weeks, medial)
	\|}		\|}


			Sample {{DEC}} Image: [http://149.171.80.223:8080/webclient/img_detail/36920/?dataset=4038 '''Fetus CRL 97mm''' (88 days, 14151, Slide 120-2)] (requires DEC log-in)

	==Selected Publications==		==Selected Publications==

Z8600021: /* Introduction */

2018-11-27T22:20:33Z

Introduction

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	Prof. Virginia Divert, Professor of Orthodontics, University of British Columbia.		Prof. Virginia Divert, Professor of Orthodontics, University of British Columbia.

	Researcher in human face and palate development. A contributor to the [https://human-embryology.org/ Digital Embryology Consortium] of the [https://human-embryology.org/wiki/Perry-Arey-Milligan_Collection\|Perry-Arey-Milligan Collection]. Prof Diewert has also visited the [[Kyoto Collection]] and [[Carnegie Collection]] annotating palate and face development in these embryos.		Researcher in human face and palate development. A contributor to the [https://human-embryology.org/ Digital Embryology Consortium] of the [https://human-embryology.org/wiki/Perry-Arey-Milligan_Collection\|Perry-Arey-Milligan Collection]. Prof Diewert has also visited both the [[Kyoto Collection]] and [[Carnegie Collection]] annotating palate and face development in these embryos.

Z8600021: /* Introduction */

2018-11-27T22:10:35Z

Introduction

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	:'''Research Links:''' [https://www.dentistry.ubc.ca/faculty-profiles/a-e/virginia-diewert/ UBC Dentistry] \| [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Virginia_Diewert Researchgate]		:'''Research Links:''' [https://www.dentistry.ubc.ca/faculty-profiles/a-e/virginia-diewert/ UBC Dentistry] \| [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Virginia_Diewert Researchgate]

			==Sample Images==
	{\|		{\|
	\| [[File:Fetal_week_10_palate_icon.jpg\|150px\|link=Fetal_Palate_Movie_1]]		\| [[File:Fetal_week_10_palate_icon.jpg\|150px\|link=Fetal_Palate_Movie_1]]
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	Fetal head (12 weeks, medial)		Fetal head (12 weeks, medial)
	\|}		\|}

	==Selected Publications==		==Selected Publications==

Z8600021 at 22:09, 27 November 2018

2018-11-27T22:09:56Z

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	[[Fetal_Palate_Movie_1\|Palate Movie]]		[[Fetal_Palate_Movie_1\|Palate Movie]]
	\| [[File:Fetal head lateral.jpg\|~~150px~~]]		\| [[File:Fetal head lateral.jpg\|200px]]

	Fetal head (lateral)		Fetal head (12 weeks, lateral)
	\| [[File:Fetal head medial.jpg\|~~150px~~]]		\| [[File:Fetal head medial.jpg\|200px]]

	Fetal head (medial)		Fetal head (12 weeks, medial)
	\|}		\|}
	==Selected Publications==		==Selected Publications==

Z8600021 at 22:08, 27 November 2018

2018-11-27T22:08:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:08, 28 November 2018
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	:'''Research Links:''' [https://www.dentistry.ubc.ca/faculty-profiles/a-e/virginia-diewert/ UBC Dentistry] \| [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Virginia_Diewert Researchgate]		:'''Research Links:''' [https://www.dentistry.ubc.ca/faculty-profiles/a-e/virginia-diewert/ UBC Dentistry] \| [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Virginia_Diewert Researchgate]

			{\|
	[[File:Fetal_week_10_palate_icon.jpg\|link=Fetal_Palate_Movie_1]]		\| [[File:Fetal_week_10_palate_icon.jpg\|150px\|link=Fetal_Palate_Movie_1]]

	[[Fetal_Palate_Movie_1\|Palate Movie]]		[[Fetal_Palate_Movie_1\|Palate Movie]]
			\| [[File:Fetal head lateral.jpg\|150px]]

			Fetal head (lateral)
			\| [[File:Fetal head medial.jpg\|150px]]

			Fetal head (medial)
			\|}
	==Selected Publications==		==Selected Publications==

Z8600021 at 22:05, 27 November 2018

2018-11-27T22:05:58Z

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	<br>		<br>
	:'''Research Links:''' [https://www.dentistry.ubc.ca/faculty-profiles/a-e/virginia-diewert/ UBC Dentistry] \| [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Virginia_Diewert Researchgate]		:'''Research Links:''' [https://www.dentistry.ubc.ca/faculty-profiles/a-e/virginia-diewert/ UBC Dentistry] \| [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Virginia_Diewert Researchgate]


			[[File:Fetal_week_10_palate_icon.jpg\|link=Fetal_Palate_Movie_1]]

			[[Fetal_Palate_Movie_1\|Palate Movie]]


	==Selected Publications==		==Selected Publications==

Z8600021: /* Selected Publications */

2018-11-27T21:52:43Z

Selected Publications

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	===Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion===		===Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion===
	{{#pmid:26299693}}		{{#pmid:26299693}} [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joa.12365 Online Paper Link]

	[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joa.12365 Online Paper Link]

	Danescu A, Mattson M, Dool C, Diewert VM, Richman JM.		Danescu A, Mattson M, Dool C, Diewert VM, Richman JM.
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	Abstract		Abstract

	It is essential to complete palate closure at the correct time during fetal development, otherwise a serious malformation, cleft palate, will ensue. The steps in palate formation in humans take place between the 7th and 12th week and consist of outgrowth of palatal shelves from the paired maxillary prominences, reorientation of the shelves from vertical to horizontal, apposition of the medial surfaces, formation of a bilayered seam, degradation of the seam and bridging of mesenchyme. However, in the soft palate, the mechanism of closure is unclear. In previous studies it is possible to find support for both fusion and the alternative mechanism of merging. Here we densely sample the late embryonic-early fetal period between 54 and 74 days post-conception to determine the timing and mechanism of soft palate closure. We found the epithelial seam extends throughout the soft palates of 57-day specimens. Cytokeratin antibody staining detected the medial edge epithelium and distinguished clearly that cells in the midline retained their epithelial character. Compared with the hard palate, the epithelium is more rapidly degraded in the soft palate and only persists in the most posterior regions at 64 days. Our results are consistent with the soft palate following a developmentally more rapid program of fusion than the hard palate. Importantly, the two regions of the palate appear to be independently regulated and have their own internal clocks regulating the timing of seam removal. Considering data from human genetic and mouse studies, distinct anterior-posterior signaling mechanisms are likely to be at play in the human fetal palate. © 2015 Anatomical Society.		It is essential to complete {{palate}} closure at the correct time during {{fetal}} development, otherwise a serious malformation, {{cleft palate}}, will ensue. The steps in palate formation in humans take place between the 7th and 12th week and consist of outgrowth of palatal shelves from the paired maxillary prominences, reorientation of the shelves from vertical to horizontal, apposition of the medial surfaces, formation of a bilayered seam, degradation of the seam and bridging of mesenchyme. However, in the soft palate, the mechanism of closure is unclear. In previous studies it is possible to find support for both fusion and the alternative mechanism of merging. Here we densely sample the late embryonic-early fetal period between [[Week 9\|54]] and [[Week 11\|74]] days post-conception to determine the timing and mechanism of soft palate closure. We found the epithelial seam extends throughout the soft palates of 57-day specimens. Cytokeratin antibody staining detected the medial edge epithelium and distinguished clearly that cells in the midline retained their epithelial character. Compared with the hard palate, the epithelium is more rapidly degraded in the soft palate and only persists in the most posterior regions at 64 days. Our results are consistent with the soft palate following a developmentally more rapid program of fusion than the hard palate. Importantly, the two regions of the palate appear to be independently regulated and have their own internal clocks regulating the timing of seam removal. Considering data from human genetic and mouse studies, distinct anterior-posterior signaling mechanisms are likely to be at play in the human fetal palate. © 2015 Anatomical Society.

	KEYWORDS: aponeurosis; craniofacial; hard palate; medial edge epithelium; palatal shelf; submucous cleft; tensor veli palatini; velopharyngeal		KEYWORDS: aponeurosis; craniofacial; hard palate; medial edge epithelium; palatal shelf; submucous cleft; tensor veli palatini; velopharyngeal

Z8600021: /* Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion */

2018-11-27T21:32:20Z

Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:32, 28 November 2018
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	===Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion===		===Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion===
	{{#pmid:26299693}}		{{#pmid:26299693}}

			[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joa.12365 Online Paper Link]

	Danescu A, Mattson M, Dool C, Diewert VM, Richman JM.		Danescu A, Mattson M, Dool C, Diewert VM, Richman JM.

Z8600021 at 21:29, 27 November 2018

2018-11-27T21:29:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:29, 28 November 2018
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	Prof. Virginia Divert, Professor of Orthodontics, University of British Columbia.		Prof. Virginia Divert, Professor of Orthodontics, University of British Columbia.

	Researcher ~~interested~~ in human face and palate development. A contributor to the Digital Embryology Consortium of the Perry-Arey-Milligan ~~collection~~. ~~She~~ has also visited the Kyoto ~~collection~~ and ~~annotated~~ palate development in these embryos.		Researcher in human face and palate development. A contributor to the [https://human-embryology.org/ Digital Embryology Consortium] of the [https://human-embryology.org/wiki/Perry-Arey-Milligan_Collection\|Perry-Arey-Milligan Collection]. Prof Diewert has also visited the [[Kyoto Collection]] and [[Carnegie Collection]] annotating palate and face development in these embryos.