Talk:Musculoskeletal System - Skull Development - Revision history

Z8600021 at 10:39, 23 Mayıs 2024

2024-05-23T10:39:34Z

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	{{#pmid:38619396}}		{{#pmid:38619396}}

			Piezo1 and Piezo2 collectively regulate jawbone development.
			Nie X, Abbasi Y, Chung MK.
			Development. 2024 May 1;151(9):dev202386. doi: 10.1242/dev.202386. Epub 2024 May 9.

	Piezo1 and Piezo2 are recently reported mechanosensory ion channels that transduce mechanical stimuli from the environment into intracellular biochemical signals in various tissues and organ systems. Here, we show that Piezo1 and Piezo2 display a robust expression during jawbone development. Deletion of Piezo1 in neural crest cells causes jawbone malformations in a small but significant number of mice. We further demonstrate that disruption of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in neural crest cells causes more striking defects in jawbone development than any single knockout, suggesting essential but partially redundant roles of Piezo1 and Piezo2. In addition, we observe defects in other neural crest derivatives such as malformation of the vascular smooth muscle in double knockout mice. Moreover, TUNEL examinations reveal excessive cell death in osteogenic cells of the maxillary and mandibular arches of the double knockout mice, suggesting that Piezo1 and Piezo2 together regulate cell survival during jawbone development. We further demonstrate that Yoda1, a Piezo1 agonist, promotes mineralization in the mandibular arches. Altogether, these data firmly establish that Piezo channels play important roles in regulating jawbone formation and maintenance.		Piezo1 and Piezo2 are recently reported mechanosensory ion channels that transduce mechanical stimuli from the environment into intracellular biochemical signals in various tissues and organ systems. Here, we show that Piezo1 and Piezo2 display a robust expression during jawbone development. Deletion of Piezo1 in neural crest cells causes jawbone malformations in a small but significant number of mice. We further demonstrate that disruption of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in neural crest cells causes more striking defects in jawbone development than any single knockout, suggesting essential but partially redundant roles of Piezo1 and Piezo2. In addition, we observe defects in other neural crest derivatives such as malformation of the vascular smooth muscle in double knockout mice. Moreover, TUNEL examinations reveal excessive cell death in osteogenic cells of the maxillary and mandibular arches of the double knockout mice, suggesting that Piezo1 and Piezo2 together regulate cell survival during jawbone development. We further demonstrate that Yoda1, a Piezo1 agonist, promotes mineralization in the mandibular arches. Altogether, these data firmly establish that Piezo channels play important roles in regulating jawbone formation and maintenance.

Z8600021 at 10:39, 23 Mayıs 2024

2024-05-23T10:39:14Z

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	==2024==		==2024==

	{{#pmid:38619396}}		{{#pmid:38619396}}

Z8600021 at 10:37, 23 Mayıs 2024

2024-05-23T10:37:52Z

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	{{Talk Page}}		{{Talk Page}}

			==2024==
			{{#pmid:38619396}}

			Piezo1 and Piezo2 are recently reported mechanosensory ion channels that transduce mechanical stimuli from the environment into intracellular biochemical signals in various tissues and organ systems. Here, we show that Piezo1 and Piezo2 display a robust expression during jawbone development. Deletion of Piezo1 in neural crest cells causes jawbone malformations in a small but significant number of mice. We further demonstrate that disruption of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in neural crest cells causes more striking defects in jawbone development than any single knockout, suggesting essential but partially redundant roles of Piezo1 and Piezo2. In addition, we observe defects in other neural crest derivatives such as malformation of the vascular smooth muscle in double knockout mice. Moreover, TUNEL examinations reveal excessive cell death in osteogenic cells of the maxillary and mandibular arches of the double knockout mice, suggesting that Piezo1 and Piezo2 together regulate cell survival during jawbone development. We further demonstrate that Yoda1, a Piezo1 agonist, promotes mineralization in the mandibular arches. Altogether, these data firmly establish that Piezo channels play important roles in regulating jawbone formation and maintenance.

	==2022==		==2022==

Z8600021 at 18:13, 4 July 2022

2022-07-04T18:13:26Z

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	==2022==		==2022==

			{{#pmid:35220463}}

			Calvarial bone is one of the most complex sequences of developmental events in embryology, featuring a uniquely transient, pluripotent stem cell-like population known as the cranial neural crest (CNC). The skull is formed through intramembranous ossification with distinct tissue lineages (e.g. neural crest derived frontal bone and mesoderm derived parietal bone). Due to CNC's vast cell fate potential, in response to a series of inductive secreted cues including BMP/TGF-β, Wnt, FGF, Notch, Hedgehog, Hippo and PDGF signaling, CNC enables generations of a diverse spectrum of differentiated cell types in vivo such as osteoblasts and chondrocytes at the craniofacial level. In recent years, since the studies from a genetic mouse model and single-cell sequencing, new discoveries are uncovered upon CNC patterning, differentiation, and the contribution to the development of cranial bones. In this review, we summarized the differences upon the potential gene regulatory network to regulate CNC derived osteogenic potential in mouse and human, and highlighted specific functions of genetic molecules from multiple signaling pathways and the crosstalk, transcription factors and epigenetic factors in orchestrating CNC commitment and differentiation into osteogenic mesenchyme and bone formation. Disorders in gene regulatory network in CNC patterning indicate highly close relevance to clinical birth defects and diseases, providing valuable transgenic mouse models for subsequent discoveries in delineating the underlying molecular mechanisms. We also emphasized the potential regenerative alternative through scientific discoveries from CNC patterning and genetic molecules in interfering with or alleviating clinical disorders or diseases, which will be beneficial for the molecular targets to be integrated for novel therapeutic strategies in the clinic.

	==2021==		==2021==

Z8600021 at 02:51, 23 February 2022

2022-02-23T02:51:53Z

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 {{Talk Page}}
 ==2021==
 Association between the developing sphenoid and adult morphology: A study using sagittal sections of the skull base from human embryos and fetuses

Z8600021 at 07:04, 7 December 2021

2021-12-07T07:04:02Z

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			==2021==
			Association between the developing sphenoid and adult morphology: A study using sagittal sections of the skull base from human embryos and fetuses

			Masahito Yamamoto 1 , Zhe-Wu Jin 2 , Shogo Hayashi 3 , José Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez 4 , Gen Murakami 5 , Shinichi Abe 1
			Affiliations expand
			PMID: 34268732 PMCID: PMC8602018 (available on 2023-12-01) DOI: 10.1111/joa.13515
			Abstract

			The developing sphenoid is regarded as a median cartilage mass (basisphenoid [BS]) with three cartilaginous processes (orbitosphenoid [OS], ala temporalis [AT], and alar process [AP]). The relationships of this initial configuration with the adult morphology are difficult to determine because of extensive membranous ossification along the cartilaginous elements. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the anatomical connections between each element of the fetal sphenoid and adult morphology. Sagittal sections from 25 embryos and fetuses of gestational age 6-34 weeks and crown-rump length 12-295 mm were therefore examined and compared with horizontal and frontal sections from the other 25 late-term fetuses (217-340 mm). The OS was identified as a set of three mutually attached cartilage bars in early fetuses. At all stages, the OS-post was continuous with the anterolateral part of the BS. The BS included the notochord and Rathke's pouch remnant in embryos and early fetuses. The dorsum sellae was absent from embryos, but it protruded from the BS in early fetuses before a fossa for the hypophysis became evident. Although not higher than the hypophysis at midterm, the dorsum sellae elongated superiorly after gestational age 25 weeks. In early fetuses, the AP was located on the side immediately anterior to the otic capsule. The AT developed on the side immediately posterior to the extraocular rectus muscles. At late term, the greater wing was formed by membranous bones from the AT and AP. The AT and AP formed a complex bridge between the BS and the greater wing. A small cartilage, future medial pterygoid process (PTmed) was located inferior to the AT in early fetuses. At midterm, one endochondral bone and multiple membranous bones formed the PTmed. The lateral pterygoid process (PTlat) was formed by a single membranous bone plate. Therefore, we connected fetal elements and the adult morphology as follows. (1) Derivative of the OS makes not only the lesser wing but also the anterior margin of the body of the sphenoid. (2) Derivatives of the BS are the body of the sphenoid including the sella turcica and the dorsum sellae. (3) Most of the greater wing including the foramen rotundum and the foramen oval originate from the AT and AP and multiple membranous bones. (4) The PTmed originate from endochondral bones and multiple membranous bones, while the PTlat derive from a single membranous bone.


	==2018==		==2018==

Z8600021 at 23:00, 18 Haziran 2019

2019-06-18T23:00:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:00, 19 Haziran 2019
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	MR imaging can show early progressive ossification of the cartilaginous skull base and its relation to intracranial structures. The study of fetal developmental anatomy may lead to a better understanding of abnormalities of the skull base.		MR imaging can show early progressive ossification of the cartilaginous skull base and its relation to intracranial structures. The study of fetal developmental anatomy may lead to a better understanding of abnormalities of the skull base.
	PMID 11039353		PMID 11039353

			==Historic==

			===1937===

			The Development of the Vertebrate Skull. G. R. de Beer, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S. 552 pp., illust., $9.50. McAinsh, Toronto, 1937.

			Anyone who has ever attempted even in a general way to compare the skull of man with that of lower mammals or reptiles and to determine the morphology of the different parts will realize the thorny and difficult field into which this book ventures. And it enters this field in no casual way but to a depth of 515 closely printed pages with abundant simple and clear illustrations. ,

			The book is divided into three parts. The first deals with some general questions of the nature of cartilage and bone and goes on to review Goethe’s theory that the skull is made up of several fused vertebre. This theory of course has not stood the test of time but out of it arose the recognition of the segmental structure of the posterior end of. the skull.

Z8600021 at 21:51, 8 Mayıs 2018

2018-05-08T21:51:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:51, 9 Mayıs 2018
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	{{Johns Hopkins Fetal Skull Collection table}}		{{Johns Hopkins Fetal Skull Collection table}}

			==2017==

			Childs Nerv Syst. 2017 Jun;33(6):909-914. doi: 10.1007/s00381-017-3406-1. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
			A comprehensive review of the anterior fontanelle: embryology, anatomy, and clinical considerations.
			D'Antoni AV1, Donaldson OI1, Schmidt C2, Macchi V3, De Caro R3, Oskouian RJ4, Loukas M5, Shane Tubbs R6.
			Author information
			Abstract
			PURPOSE:
			Fontanelles are a regular feature of infant development in which two segments of bone remain separated, leaving an area of fibrous membrane or a "soft spot" that acts to accommodate growth of the brain without compression by the skull. Of the six fontanelles in the human skull, the anterior fontanelle, located between the frontal and parietal bones, serves as an important anatomical diagnostic tool in the assessment of impairments of the skull and brain and allows access to the brain and ventricles in the infant.
			METHODS:
			Using a standard database search, we conducted a review of the anterior fontanelle, including its embryology, anatomy, pathology, and related surgical implications.
			CONCLUSIONS:
			The diagnostic value of the anterior fontanelle, through observation of its shape, size, and palpability, makes the area of significant clinical value. It is important that clinicians are aware of the features and associated pathologies of this area in their everyday practice.
			KEYWORDS:
			Cranial calvaria; Skull; Soft spot; Suture
			PMID: 28396968 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-017-3406-1

	==2016==		==2016==

Z8600021 at 04:58, 30 Ocak 2018

2018-01-30T04:58:59Z

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Z8600021 at 04:56, 30 Ocak 2018

2018-01-30T04:56:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:56, 30 Ocak 2018
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	{\|		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	! colspan=10\|Johns Hopkins Fetal Skull Collection (1918–1951)		! colspan=10\|Johns Hopkins Fetal Skull Collection (1918–1951)
	\|-		\|-