Talk:Molecular Development - microRNA - Revision history

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	==2018==		==2018==

			Biochem Soc Trans. 2017 Oct 15;45(5):1117-1124. doi: 10.1042/BST20170033. Epub 2017 Sep 22.
			Long and small noncoding RNAs during oocyte-to-embryo transition in mammals.
			Svoboda P1.
			Author information
			Abstract
			Oocyte-to-embryo transition is a process during which an oocyte ovulates, is fertilized, and becomes a developing embryo. It involves the first major genome reprogramming event in life of an organism where gene expression, which gave rise to a differentiated oocyte, is remodeled in order to establish totipotency in blastomeres of an early embryo. This remodeling involves replacement of maternal RNAs with zygotic RNAs through maternal RNA degradation and zygotic genome activation. This review is focused on expression and function of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and small RNAs during oocyte-to-embryo transition in mammals. LncRNAs are an assorted rapidly evolving collection of RNAs, which have no apparent protein-coding capacity. Their biogenesis is similar to mRNAs including transcriptional control and post-transcriptional processing. Diverse molecular and biological roles were assigned to lncRNAs although most of them probably did not acquire a detectable biological role. Since some lncRNAs serve as precursors for small noncoding regulatory RNAs in RNA silencing pathways, both types of noncoding RNA are reviewed together.
			KEYWORDS:
			LTR; RNAi; lncRNA; oocyte; siRNA; zygote
			PMID: 28939692 DOI: 10.1042/BST20170033

	===MicroRNA-194 Regulates the Development and Differentiation of Sensory Patches and Statoacoustic Ganglion of Inner Ear by Fgf4===		===MicroRNA-194 Regulates the Development and Differentiation of Sensory Patches and Statoacoustic Ganglion of Inner Ear by Fgf4===

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	* miR-132, miR-126, miR-296, miR-145, and miR-92a have been shown to play pro- and antiangiogenic roles in the vasculature of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells.		* miR-132, miR-126, miR-296, miR-145, and miR-92a have been shown to play pro- and antiangiogenic roles in the vasculature of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells.

			==2018==

			===MicroRNA-194 Regulates the Development and Differentiation of Sensory Patches and Statoacoustic Ganglion of Inner Ear by Fgf4===
			Med Sci Monit. 2018 Mar 23;24:1712-1723.

			Cao H1,2, Shi J1, Du J3, Chen K1, Dong C4, Jiang D5, Jiang H4.

			Abstract

			BACKGROUND MicroRNA 194 is involved in the differentiation of various types of cells, such as adipose derived stem cells, human embryonic stem cells, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Previously, we found that miR-194 was highly expressed in the inner ear sensory patch and neurons in mice embryos. However, the role of miR-194 in the development of the inner ear and its underlying mechanism have not been elucidated yet. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression level of miR-194 has been altered by using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (MO) and synthesized miRNAs in zebrafish. RESULTS We found that miR-194 was vastly expressed in the inner ear and central nervous system (CNS) in zebrafish. Loss of function of miR-194 could strongly affected the development of zebrafish embryos, including delayed embryonic development, edema of the pericardium, small head, axial deviation, delayed development of inner ear, closer location of two otoliths, delayed fusion of the semicircular canals, and abnormal otolith number in some cases. In addition, the behavior of zebrafish was also adversely affected with impaired balance and biased swimming route. Misexpression of miR-194 could strongly affected the development and differentiation of spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) in inner ear through Fgf4 in vitro. Similar results have also been observed that the overexpression and knockdown of miR-194 strongly disturbed the development and differentiation of the sensory patches and Statoacoustic ganglion (SAG) through Fgf4 in zebrafish in vivo. Our results indicated that miR-194 may regulate the development and differentiation of sensory patches and SAG through Fgf4. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed a vital role of miR-194 in regulating the development and differentiation of the inner ear.
			PMID: 29570699 PMCID: PMC5880017

	==2017==		==2017==

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	PMID 28592665 DOI: 10.1530/REP-17-0224		PMID 28592665 DOI: 10.1530/REP-17-0224

			===Changes in circulating microRNA levels can be identified as early as day 8 of pregnancy in cattle===
			PLoS One. 2017 Apr 5;12(4):e0174892. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174892. eCollection 2017.

			Ioannidis J1, Donadeu FX1.

			Abstract

			Poor reproductive performance remains a major issue in the dairy industry, with low conception rates having a significant impact on milk production through extended calving intervals. A major limiting factor is the lack of reliable methods for early pregnancy diagnosis. Identification of animals within a herd that fail to conceive within 3 weeks after insemination would allow early re-insemination and shorten calving intervals. In a previous study, we found an increase in plasma miR-26a levels in Day 16-pregnant relative to non-pregnant heifers, however changes in miRNA levels that early during pregnancy were very small which likely prevented the identification of robust biomarkers. In this study, we extended our analyses to a wider interval during pregnancy (Days 8 to 60, n = 11 heifers) with the rationale that this may facilitate the identification of additional early pregnancy miRNA biomarkers. Using small RNA sequencing we identified a total of 77 miRNAs that were differentially expressed on Day 60 relative to Day 0 of pregnancy. We selected 14 miRNAs for validation by RT-qPCR and confirmed significant differences in the expression of let-7f, let-7c, miR-30c, miR-101, miR-26a, miR-205 and miR-143 between Days 0 and 60. RT-qPCR profiling throughout Days 0, 8, 16 and 60 of pregnancy showed a distinct increase in circulating levels of miR-26a (3.1-fold, P = 0.046) as early as Day 8 of pregnancy. In summary, in contrast to earlier stages of pregnancy (≤ Day 24), marked differences in the levels of multiple miRNAs can be detected in circulation by Day 60 in cattle. Retrospective analyses showed miR-26a levels to be increased in circulation as early as Day 8, sooner than previously reported in any species, suggesting a biological role for this miRNA in the very early events of pregnancy.
			PMID: 28380001 PMCID: PMC5381804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174892

	==2016==		==2016==

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	* miR-132, miR-126, miR-296, miR-145, and miR-92a have been shown to play pro- and antiangiogenic roles in the vasculature of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells.		* miR-132, miR-126, miR-296, miR-145, and miR-92a have been shown to play pro- and antiangiogenic roles in the vasculature of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells.

			==2017==

			===Signs of embryo-maternal communication: miRNAs in the maternal serum of pregnant pigs===
			Reproduction. 2017 Sep;154(3):117-128. doi: 10.1530/REP-17-0224. Epub 2017 Jun 7.

			Reliszko ZP1, Gajewski Z2, Kaczmarek MM3,2,4.

			Abstract

			Circulating miRNAs were proposed to be indicators of normal or complicated pregnancies. Based on this knowledge and our recent transcriptomic approach showing expression of miRNAs in the porcine endometrium, conceptuses and uterine extracellular vesicles during pregnancy, we have hypothesized that signs of ongoing local embryo-maternal crosstalk involving miRNAs can be detected in the circulation of pregnant gilts as early as a few days after maternal recognition of pregnancy. By applying several molecular biology techniques that differ in dynamic range and precision in maternal serum of Day 16 pregnant pigs, we were able to show for the first time increased levels of several miRNAs, previously reported to be expressed in either conceptuses and extracellular vesicles (miR-26a and miR-125b) or pregnant endometrium (miR-23b). Our results clearly showed that real-time RT-PCR and digital PCR are the most reliable methods, being able to detect small-fold changes of low-abundant circulating miRNAs. Further validation in a separate group of gilts confirmed an increase in miR-23b and miR-125b levels. In silico analyses identified pregnancy-related biological processes and pathways affected by these miRNAs. Target prediction analysis revealed hundreds of porcine transcripts with conserved sites for these miRNAs, which were classified into signaling pathways relevant to pregnancy. We conclude that a unique set of miRNAs can already be observed in the circulation of pigs during the first weeks of pregnancy, as a result of the initiation of embryo-maternal communication.
			© 2017 Society for Reproduction and Fertility.

			PMID 28592665 DOI: 10.1530/REP-17-0224
	==2016==		==2016==

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	==2016==		==2016==

			===Microarray analysis of microRNA deregulation and angiogenesis-related proteins in endometriosis===

			Genet Mol Res. 2016 Jun 3;15(2). doi: 10.4238/gmr.15027826.

			Yang RQ1, Teng H1, Xu XH1, Liu SY2, Wang YH1, Guo FJ1, Liu XJ3.

			1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
			2Department of Anesthesia, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
			3Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.

			Abstract

			We examined the aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression profile responsible for the changes in angiogenesis observed in endometriotic lesions. This study revealed characteristic miRNA expression profiles associated with endometriosis in endometrial tissue and endometriotic lesions from the same patient, and their correlation with the most important angiogenic and fibrinolytic factors. miRNA expression was quantified using a microRNA array and reverse-transcription microRNA polymerase chain reaction. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The endometrial tissue showed significantly lower levels of miR-200b, miR-15a-5p, miR-19b-1-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-200c, and higher levels of miR-16-5p, miR-106b-5p, and miR-145-5p. VEGFA was significantly upregulated, whereas EGFR2, PTEN, and CXCR4 were markedly downregulated, in the endometriotic tissues compared to that in the normal endometrial tissues. In conclusion, differences in the miRNA levels could modulate the expression of VEGFA, EGFR2, PTEN, and CXCR4, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The higher angiogenic and proteolytic activities observed in the eutopic endometrium might facilitate the implantation of endometrial cells at ectopic sites.

			PMID 27323121

			http://www.geneticsmr.com//year2016/vol15-2/pdf/gmr7826.pdf


	===MicroRNAs modulating angiogenesis: miR-129-1 and miR-133 act as angio-miR in HUVECs===		===MicroRNAs modulating angiogenesis: miR-129-1 and miR-133 act as angio-miR in HUVECs===

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 ==2016==
 ===MicroRNA Expression during Bovine Oocyte Maturation and Fertilization===
 Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Mar 18;17(3). pii: E396. doi: 10.3390/ijms17030396.

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	{{Talk Page}}		{{Talk Page}}

			PMID 22866204

			* miR-1/miR-133 Cardiovascular Development - regulators of muscle proliferation and differentiation both in cardiac and skeletal muscles
			* miR-143/miR-145 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Biology
			* miR-126 as a Regulator of VEGF Signaling in the Endothelium

			* miR-17~92 Cluster as Intrinsic Antiangiogenic miRs in Endothelium - highly expressed in human endothelial cells and plays a critical role as a negative regulator of angiogenesis.

			* miR-132, miR-126, miR-296, miR-145, and miR-92a have been shown to play pro- and antiangiogenic roles in the vasculature of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells.

	==2016==		==2016==

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	==2013==		==2013==

			===miR-196b targets c-myc and Bcl-2 expression, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in endometriotic stromal cells===

			Hum Reprod. 2013 Mar;28(3):750-61. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des446. Epub 2013 Jan 4.

			Abe W1, Nasu K, Nakada C, Kawano Y, Moriyama M, Narahara H.

			Abstract

			STUDY QUESTION:
			What is the global expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) in endometriotic stromal cells and is miR-196b involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis?
			SUMMARY ANSWER:
			Several miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in endometriotic cyst stromal cells (ECSCs), including miR-196b whose expression is repressed in endometriotic stromal cells.
			WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:
			Although, histologically, endometriotic tissues and normal proliferative endometrium are similar, a number of distinct molecular differences have been reported to date. The anti-apoptotic and excessive proliferative properties of endometriotic cells are considered to be involved in the development and progression of endometriosis.
			STUDY DESIGN AND SIZE DURATION:
			ECSCs and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESCs) were isolated from ovarian endometriotic tissues and eutopic endometrial tissues, respectively and compared.
			PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING AND METHODS:
			Aberrantly expressed miRNAs in ECSCs were identified by a global miRNA microarray technique. The roles of miR-196b in ECSC proliferation, apoptosis, and c-myc and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia (Bcl)-2 mRNA expression were investigated with precursor hsa-miR-196b transfection. The methylation status of the miR-196b gene in ECSCs and the effect of a DNA demethylating agent on miR-196b expression were also examined.
			MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:
			miRNA microarray analysis identified eight down-regulated miRNAs (including miR-196b) and four up-regulated miRNAs in ECSCs. Compulsory expression of miR-196b directed the inhibition of proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in ECSCs. miR-196b was found to suppress c-myc and Bcl-2 mRNA expression in ECSCs, and there was a significant correlation between miR-196b and HOXA10 expression in ECSCs and NESCs. The miR-196b gene was hypermethylated in ECSCs when compared with NESCs, and the treatment with a DNA demethylating agent restored the expression of miR-196b in ECSCs.
			LIMITATIONS AND REASONS FOR CAUTION:
			miRNA expression profiles were investigated only in the stromal component of ectopic and eutopic endometrium samples. In addition to miR-196b, the roles of other miRNAs aberrantly expressed in ECSCs should be examined.
			WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS:
			The present findings suggest that aberrant miRNA expression plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis as a part of epigenetic mechanisms, that expression of miR-196b in ECSCs is repressed by DNA hypermethylation of the miR-196b gene and this repression may be involved in the development of proliferative and anti-apoptotic characteristics of endometriosis.
			STUDY FUNDING:
			This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (no. 20591920 to K.N. and no. 23592407 to H.N.) and The Uehara Memorial Foundation (to K.N.).

			PMID 23293219

	===miRNA regulated pathways in late stage murine lung development===		===miRNA regulated pathways in late stage murine lung development===

Z8600021 at 23:56, 18 August 2016

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	* mir-323-3p was also suppressed in ectopic embryonic tissue.		* mir-323-3p was also suppressed in ectopic embryonic tissue.

			PMID 24498170 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0087698

	===Potential Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in the Development of Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract during Early Life===		===Potential Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in the Development of Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract during Early Life===

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 ==2014==
 ===Potential Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in the Development of Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract during Early Life===
 PLoS One. 2014 Mar 28;9(3):e92592. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092592. eCollection 2014.