Talk:Brain Awareness Week 2012 - Revision history

Z8600021: /* Terms */

2012-03-14T05:11:46Z

Terms

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:11, 14 March 2012
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	:[[Brain_Awareness_Week_2012#Comparative_Brain_Anatomy\|Back to - '''BAW''' Comparative Anatomy]]		:[[Brain_Awareness_Week_2012#Comparative_Brain_Anatomy\|Back to - '''BAW''' Comparative Anatomy]]

			==Neural Tube Development==

			{{Template:Neural Table}}

	==Terms==		==Terms==

Z8600021: /* Terms */

2012-03-14T05:09:33Z

Terms

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:09, 14 March 2012
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	* '''Diencephalon''' - At the level of the diencephalon that the optic stalks (optic nerve) extends from the brain. The diencephalon lumen (cavity of the neural tube) will form the third ventricles.		* '''Diencephalon''' - At the level of the diencephalon that the optic stalks (optic nerve) extends from the brain. The diencephalon lumen (cavity of the neural tube) will form the third ventricles.
	* '''Encephalon''' - brain.		* '''Encephalon''' - brain.
			* '''Medulla''' - (medulla oblongata) A brain stem region within the central nervous system, this is the last part of the brain before becoming the spinal cord. It lies beneath the medulla.
	* '''Midbrain''' - The embryonic neural tube region that will form midbrain structures of the tectum (roof of the midbrain, auditory and visual reflexes) and tegmentum (floor of the midbrain, several brain nuclei) in the adult brain. The mesencephalon is the middle of the 5 secondary brain vesicles formed from the mesencephalon of the primary brain vesicle (there are 3 primary brain vesicles). The mesencephalon lumen (cavity of the neural tube) will form the midbrain aqueduct.		* '''Midbrain''' - The embryonic neural tube region that will form midbrain structures of the tectum (roof of the midbrain, auditory and visual reflexes) and tegmentum (floor of the midbrain, several brain nuclei) in the adult brain. The mesencephalon is the middle of the 5 secondary brain vesicles formed from the mesencephalon of the primary brain vesicle (there are 3 primary brain vesicles). The mesencephalon lumen (cavity of the neural tube) will form the midbrain aqueduct.
			* '''Pons''' - (Latin, ''pons'' = "bridge") A brain stem region within the central nervous system, it lies above the medulla.
	* '''Telencephalon''' - (endbrain) The embryonic neural tube region that will form cerebral hemispheres (neocortex, basal nuclei, palaeocortex, archicortex). The telencephalon is the most anterior of the 5 secondary brain vesicles formed from division of the prosencephalon (forebrain) primary brain vesicle (there are 3 primary brain vesicles). The telencephalon lumen (cavity of the neural tube) will form the lateral ventricles.		* '''Telencephalon''' - (endbrain) The embryonic neural tube region that will form cerebral hemispheres (neocortex, basal nuclei, palaeocortex, archicortex). The telencephalon is the most anterior of the 5 secondary brain vesicles formed from division of the prosencephalon (forebrain) primary brain vesicle (there are 3 primary brain vesicles). The telencephalon lumen (cavity of the neural tube) will form the lateral ventricles.

	~~Pons -~~

	~~Medulla -~~

Z8600021 at 04:59, 14 March 2012

2012-03-14T04:59:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:59, 14 March 2012
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	===Primitive vertebrates===		===Primitive vertebrates===
	{\|		{\|
			\| [[File:Lamprey cartoon.jpg\|200px]]

			Lamprey
	\|		\|
	* (hagfishes and lampreys)		* (hagfishes and lampreys)
	* cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.		* cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.
	~~\| [[File:Lamprey cartoon.jpg\|300px]]~~

	~~Lamprey~~
	\|}		\|}
	===Some fish and amphibians===		===Some fish and amphibians===
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	=== Ray-finned Fish===		=== Ray-finned Fish===
	{\|		{\|
			\| [[File:Zebrafish-icon.png\|200px]]

			Zebrafish
	\|		\|
	* Cerebrum lateral and ventral regions inner surfaces bulge up into the ventricles.		* Cerebrum lateral and ventral regions inner surfaces bulge up into the ventricles.
	** these include both the basal nuclei and the various parts of the pallium (complex in structure in teleosts).		** these include both the basal nuclei and the various parts of the pallium (complex in structure in teleosts).
	* Verebrum dorsal surface is membranous, and does not contain any nervous tissue.		* Verebrum dorsal surface is membranous, and does not contain any nervous tissue.
	~~\| [[File:Zebrafish-icon.png\|300px]]~~

	~~Zebrafish~~
	\|}		\|}

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	===Reptiles===		===Reptiles===
	{\|		{\|
			\| [[File:Rana_pipiens.jpg\|200px]]

			Frog
	\|		\|
	* paleopallium is larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.		* paleopallium is larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.
	* Grey matter is generally located beneath the white matter		* Grey matter is generally located beneath the white matter
	** in some reptiles, grey matter spreads out to the surface to form a primitive cortex (anterior part of the brain).		** in some reptiles, grey matter spreads out to the surface to form a primitive cortex (anterior part of the brain).
	~~\| [[File:Rana_pipiens.jpg\|300px]]~~

	~~Frog~~
	\|}		\|}

	===Birds===		===Birds===
	{\|		{\|
			\| [[File:Chick E12.jpg\|150px]]

			Chicken E12
	\|		\|
	* enlarged compared to reptiles, due to the basal ganglia.		* enlarged compared to reptiles, due to the basal ganglia.
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	* above basal ganglia the HVC develops		* above basal ganglia the HVC develops
	** involved with learning complex tasks, such as song.		** involved with learning complex tasks, such as song.
	~~\| [[File:Chick E12.jpg\|300px]]~~

	~~Chicken E12~~
	\|}		\|}

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	===Mammals===		===Mammals===
	{\|		{\|
			\| [[File:Dog-adult.jpg\|200px]]

			Dog
	\|		\|
	* cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres (greatest in primates).		* cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres (greatest in primates).
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	** corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres.		** corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres.
	* surface folding found only in higher mammals.		* surface folding found only in higher mammals.
	~~\| [[File:Dog-adult.jpg\|300px]]~~
	\|}		\|}

Z8600021: /* Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy */

2012-03-14T04:57:34Z

Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:57, 14 March 2012
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	===Primitive vertebrates===		===Primitive vertebrates===
	~~[[File:Lamprey cartoon.jpg~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~Lamprey]]~~		{\|
			\|
	* (hagfishes and lampreys)		* (hagfishes and lampreys)
	* cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.		* cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.
			\| [[File:Lamprey cartoon.jpg\|300px]]

			Lamprey
			\|}
	===Some fish and amphibians===		===Some fish and amphibians===
	(Cartilaginous fish (sharks), lobe-finned fish, amphibians)		(Cartilaginous fish (sharks), lobe-finned fish, amphibians)
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	=== Ray-finned Fish===		=== Ray-finned Fish===
	~~[[File:Zebrafish-icon.png~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~Zebrafish]]~~		{\|
			\|
	* Cerebrum lateral and ventral regions inner surfaces bulge up into the ventricles.		* Cerebrum lateral and ventral regions inner surfaces bulge up into the ventricles.
	** these include both the basal nuclei and the various parts of the pallium (complex in structure in teleosts).		** these include both the basal nuclei and the various parts of the pallium (complex in structure in teleosts).
	* Verebrum dorsal surface is membranous, and does not contain any nervous tissue.		* Verebrum dorsal surface is membranous, and does not contain any nervous tissue.
			\| [[File:Zebrafish-icon.png\|300px]]

			Zebrafish
			\|}

			----

	In amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex.		In amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex.

	===Reptiles===		===Reptiles===
	~~[[File:Rana_pipiens.jpg~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~Frog]]~~		{\|
			\|
	* paleopallium is larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.		* paleopallium is larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.
	* Grey matter is generally located beneath the white matter		* Grey matter is generally located beneath the white matter
	** in some reptiles, grey matter spreads out to the surface to form a primitive cortex (anterior part of the brain).		** in some reptiles, grey matter spreads out to the surface to form a primitive cortex (anterior part of the brain).
			\| [[File:Rana_pipiens.jpg\|300px]]

			Frog
			\|}

	===Birds===		===Birds===
	~~[[File:Chick E12.jpg~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~Chicken E12]]~~		{\|
			\|
	* enlarged compared to reptiles, due to the basal ganglia.		* enlarged compared to reptiles, due to the basal ganglia.
	** other areas remain primitive in structure.		** other areas remain primitive in structure.
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	* above basal ganglia the HVC develops		* above basal ganglia the HVC develops
	** involved with learning complex tasks, such as song.		** involved with learning complex tasks, such as song.
			\| [[File:Chick E12.jpg\|300px]]

			Chicken E12
			\|}


	===Mammals===		===Mammals===
			{\|
			\|
	* cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres (greatest in primates).		* cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres (greatest in primates).
	** paleopallium is pushed to the ventral surface of the brain, where it becomes the olfactory lobes		** paleopallium is pushed to the ventral surface of the brain, where it becomes the olfactory lobes
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	** corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres.		** corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres.
	* surface folding found only in higher mammals.		* surface folding found only in higher mammals.
			\| [[File:Dog-adult.jpg\|300px]]
			\|}

Z8600021: /* Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy */

2012-03-14T04:53:23Z

Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:53, 14 March 2012
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	==Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy==		==Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy==

	* ~~While all~~ brains have a similar mechanism of early development, neural plate, tube, etc.~~, each~~ animal will end up ~~with~~ different ~~sized~~ and ~~shaped brain~~.		* All brains have a similar mechanism of early development, neural plate, tube, etc.
	* The information shown below is a detailed comparison of different species cerebrum development.		* All brains will have similar regions with similar functions.
			* Each animal brain though will end up a different size, shape and complexity (overall and of regions).
			* The information shown below is a detailed comparison of different species '''cerebrum development'''.

Z8600021: /* Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy */

2012-03-14T04:51:23Z

Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 14 March 2012
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	==Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy==		==Cerebrum Comparative Anatomy==

	The information shown below is a detailed comparison of different species cerebrum development (not part of today's demonstration).		* While all brains have a similar mechanism of early development, neural plate, tube, etc., each animal will end up with different sized and shaped brain.
			* The information shown below is a detailed comparison of different species cerebrum development.


			'''''This Information is beyond K12 level and not part of today's demonstration.'''''

Z8600021: /* Reptiles */

2012-03-14T03:42:22Z

Reptiles

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:42, 14 March 2012
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	===Reptiles===		===Reptiles===
			[[File:Rana_pipiens.jpg\|thumb\|Frog]]
	* paleopallium is larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.		* paleopallium is larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.
	* Grey matter is generally located beneath the white matter		* Grey matter is generally located beneath the white matter

Z8600021: /* Primitive vertebrates */

2012-03-14T03:31:55Z

Primitive vertebrates

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:31, 14 March 2012
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	===Primitive vertebrates===		===Primitive vertebrates===
			[[File:Lamprey cartoon.jpg\|thumb\|Lamprey]]
	* (hagfishes and lampreys)		* (hagfishes and lampreys)
	* cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.		* cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.

	===Some fish and amphibians===		===Some fish and amphibians===

Z8600021: /* Ray-finned Fish */

2012-03-13T23:49:49Z

Ray-finned Fish

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:49, 14 March 2012
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	=== Ray-finned Fish===		=== Ray-finned Fish===
			[[File:Zebrafish-icon.png\|thumb\|Zebrafish]]
	* Cerebrum lateral and ventral regions inner surfaces bulge up into the ventricles.		* Cerebrum lateral and ventral regions inner surfaces bulge up into the ventricles.
	** these include both the basal nuclei and the various parts of the pallium (complex in structure in teleosts).		** these include both the basal nuclei and the various parts of the pallium (complex in structure in teleosts).
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	In amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex.		In amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex.

	===Reptiles===		===Reptiles===

Z8600021: /* Birds */

2012-03-13T23:48:46Z

Birds

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 14 March 2012
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	===Birds===		===Birds===
			[[File:Chick E12.jpg\|thumb\|Chicken E12]]
	* enlarged compared to reptiles, due to the basal ganglia.		* enlarged compared to reptiles, due to the basal ganglia.
	** other areas remain primitive in structure.		** other areas remain primitive in structure.