Talk:BGDB Sexual Differentiation - Quiz - Revision history

S8600021: /* Take the Quiz */

2011-06-02T06:21:22Z

Take the Quiz

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:21, 2 Haziran 2011
Line 58:		Line 58:
	+ paramesonephric duct		+ paramesonephric duct
	- urogenital sinus		- urogenital sinus


	\|\|Mullerian and paramesonephric duct are the same thing and the embryonic contributors to the female uterus and vagina development.		\|\|Mullerian and paramesonephric duct are the same thing and the embryonic contributors to the female uterus and vagina development.
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	\|\| In the fetus, the genital tubercle and genital folds appear as the same external genital structures in both sexes and differentiate to form different adult structures.		\|\| In the fetus, the genital tubercle and genital folds appear as the same external genital structures in both sexes and differentiate to form different adult structures.

			{Select the correct options below describing aspects of gonad development
			\|type="[]"}
			- testis cortical and ovary medullary
			+ ovary cortical and testis medullary
			+ prenatal meiosis in the ovary germ cells
			- prenatal meiosis in the testis germ cells
			- prenatal mitosis in the ovary germ cells

			\|\|Remember the anatomy of the adult gonads, with cortical primordial follicles in the ovary and medullary seminiferous tubules. The primordial germ cells in the testis form diploid spermatogonia that proliferate by mitosis and divide by meiosis postnatally. The primordial germ cells in the ovary form primordial oocytes that proliferate by mitosis and commence meiosis prenatally in the fetal ovary.

	</quiz>		</quiz>

S8600021 at 06:10, 2 Haziran 2011

2011-06-02T06:10:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 2 Haziran 2011
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	\|\|The adrenals, kidneys and gonads are initially closely related. Both the adrenals and kidneys are described as moving relatively as ascending, while the gonads (both ovary and testis) move away in relative descent.		\|\|The adrenals, kidneys and gonads are initially closely related. Both the adrenals and kidneys are described as moving relatively as ascending, while the gonads (both ovary and testis) move away in relative descent.

	~~{In the female fetus, the uterus develops from the:~~
	~~\|type="()"}~~
	~~+ Mullerian Duct~~
	~~- formation of the nucleus pulposis and separating cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes~~
	~~- gastrulation and neuralation~~
	~~- formation of the nucleus pulposis and intervertebral disc~~
	\|\| The notochord has a mechanical role in how the embryonic disc folds and releases a signal (sonic hedgehog) that patterns surrounding tissues. The nucleus pulposis does form from the notochord (much later in embryonic development) but the notochord does not separate the cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes or form the intervertebral disc (from sclerotome of somite). Gastrulation and neuralation, you were asleep in the practical class or checking your facebook status.

	{The genital tubercle and inner genital folds form the same adult structures in both sexes.		{The genital tubercle and inner genital folds form the same adult structures in both sexes.

S8600021 at 06:10, 2 Haziran 2011

2011-06-02T06:10:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 2 Haziran 2011
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	- formation of the nucleus pulposis and intervertebral disc		- formation of the nucleus pulposis and intervertebral disc
	\|\| The notochord has a mechanical role in how the embryonic disc folds and releases a signal (sonic hedgehog) that patterns surrounding tissues. The nucleus pulposis does form from the notochord (much later in embryonic development) but the notochord does not separate the cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes or form the intervertebral disc (from sclerotome of somite). Gastrulation and neuralation, you were asleep in the practical class or checking your facebook status.		\|\| The notochord has a mechanical role in how the embryonic disc folds and releases a signal (sonic hedgehog) that patterns surrounding tissues. The nucleus pulposis does form from the notochord (much later in embryonic development) but the notochord does not separate the cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes or form the intervertebral disc (from sclerotome of somite). Gastrulation and neuralation, you were asleep in the practical class or checking your facebook status.

			{The genital tubercle and inner genital folds form the same adult structures in both sexes.
			\|type="()"}
			- true
			+ false
			\|\| In the fetus, the genital tubercle and genital folds appear as the same external genital structures in both sexes and differentiate to form different adult structures.



	</quiz>		</quiz>

S8600021: /* Take the Quiz */

2011-06-02T05:59:45Z

Take the Quiz

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:59, 2 Haziran 2011
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	- mesonephric duct cells		- mesonephric duct cells
	\|\|The support cells in the genital ridge, forming the testes, express SRY and this leads to a cascade of signaling differentiating these cells into Sertoli cells, also called sustentacular (structural support) cells of Sertoli. [[P#primordial germ cell\|Primordial germ cells]] are not involved in this initial sex determination step. The anterior pituitary participates in later hormonal events. Ovary support cells (granulosa cells) differentiate in the absence of SRY. Sesonephric duct cells, while present early in genital ridge development, are not the initiators of this process but later effected by gonad differentiation.		\|\|The support cells in the genital ridge, forming the testes, express SRY and this leads to a cascade of signaling differentiating these cells into Sertoli cells, also called sustentacular (structural support) cells of Sertoli. [[P#primordial germ cell\|Primordial germ cells]] are not involved in this initial sex determination step. The anterior pituitary participates in later hormonal events. Ovary support cells (granulosa cells) differentiate in the absence of SRY. Sesonephric duct cells, while present early in genital ridge development, are not the initiators of this process but later effected by gonad differentiation.

	~~{The adult spermatogenic epithelium is stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)~~
	~~\|type="()"}~~
	~~+ true~~
	~~- false~~
	~~\|\| Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) does stimulate the spermatogenic epithelium and luteinizing-hormone (LH) stimulates testosterone production by Leydig cells.~~


	{The lower end of the mesonephric duct branches to form the:		{The lower end of the mesonephric duct branches to form the:
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	{Select the correct options below for the ~~process of implantation~~		{Select the correct options below for the embryonic contribution to the female uterus and vagina
	\|type="[]"}		\|type="[]"}
	~~+ is driven by the trophoblast layer~~		- Wolffian duct
	+ ~~occurs following adplantation~~		- Utereric duct
	+ ~~can occur inside and outside the uterine body~~		+ Mullerian duct
	~~+ allows endocrine support of the corpus luteum~~		+ paramesonephric duct
			- urogenital sinus


	\|\|~~Yes, all~~ the ~~above relate~~ to the ~~process of implantation~~.		\|\|Mullerian and paramesonephric duct are the same thing and the embryonic contributors to the female uterus and vagina development.

	{The ~~extraembryonic coelom refers too~~
			{The relative movement of organs with the peritoneal cavity can best be described as:
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	~~+ amniotic cavity, yolk sac and chorionic cavity~~		- descent of the adrenal glands and gonads
	- ~~pericardial cavity, pleural cavity~~ and ~~peritoneal cavity~~		- ascent of the adrenal glands and genital tubercle
	- ~~blastocoel, somitocoel~~ and ~~lateral plate coelom~~		+ ascent of the kidneys and descent of the gonads
	~~- maternal lacunae, uterine gland lumen, uterine body cavity~~		- descent of the kidneys and adrenal glands
			- none of the above
	~~\|\| The extraembryonic coelom is the cavity lying outside~~ the ~~embryo forming the amniotic cavity, yolk sac~~ and ~~chorionic cavity. The intraembryonic coelom is~~ the ~~space inside~~ the ~~embryo lateral plate mesoderm forming the pericardial cavity, pleural cavity~~ and peritoneal cavity. The blastocoel is the cavity inside the blastocyst before embryo formation. The somitocoel is the cavity forming inside the early somite before cell proliferation fills the space. The lateral plate coelom is the horseshoe space forming in the embryonic disc that gives rise to the the pericardial cavity, pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity. The maternal lacunae is the blood-~~filled space formed by~~ the ~~implantation process. The uterine gland lumen and uterine body cavity have nothing to do with embryonic spaces.~~

	~~{Which of the following statements is incorrect about the process of gastrulation~~		\|\|The adrenals, kidneys and gonads are initially closely related. Both the adrenals and kidneys are described as moving relatively as ascending, while the gonads (both ovary and testis) move away in relative descent.
	\|~~type="()"}~~
	~~- gives rise to~~ the ~~trilaminar embryo~~
	~~- involves cell migration from the epiblast layer~~
	~~+ extends from the primitive node to the buccopharyngeal membrane~~
	~~- occurs at the region known~~ as the ~~primitive streak~~
	~~- generates endoderm~~ and ~~then mesoderm layers~~

	{~~What are~~ the ~~two main early embryonic developmental roles of~~ the ~~notochord~~		{In the female fetus, the uterus develops from the:
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	+ ~~mechanical role in embryonic disc folding and signaling for tissue patterning~~		+ Mullerian Duct
	- formation of the nucleus pulposis and separating cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes		- formation of the nucleus pulposis and separating cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes
	- gastrulation and neuralation		- gastrulation and neuralation

S8600021: /* Take the Quiz */

2011-06-02T05:47:55Z

Take the Quiz

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:47, 2 Haziran 2011
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	{The sequential development of the genital system can best be described as:		{The sequential development of the genital system can best be described as:
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	- internal and external genital tract dependent upon primordial germ ~~cells~~		- internal and external genital tract dependent upon primordial germ cell hormone secretion
	+ gonadal differentiation determining internal then external tract development		+ gonadal differentiation and hormone secretion determining internal then external tract development
	- mesonephric duct forming genital ridge then internal and external tract development		- mesonephric duct hormone secretion forming genital ridge then internal and external tract development
	- internal tract determining gonadal then external tract development		- internal tract determining gonadal then hormone secretion for external tract development
	- paramesonephric duct forming genital ridge then internal and external tract development		- paramesonephric duct forming genital ridge then hormone secretion for internal and external tract development

	\|\|Differentiation of the initially indifferent gonad is required before internal tract and then external tract development. Both the latter require gonad development and will be abnormal without this first step. Mesonephric duct is present beside the early genital ridge, but does not induce its differentiation. Paramesonephric duct forms after gonad determnation.		\|\|Differentiation of the initially indifferent gonad is required before internal tract and then external tract development. Both the latter require gonad development and will be abnormal without this first step. Mesonephric duct is present beside the early genital ridge, but does not induce its differentiation. Paramesonephric duct forms after gonad determnation.
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	+ true		+ true
	- false		- false
	\|\| During week 3 gastrulation generates the endoderm layer that forms an epithelial layer that with embryonic disc folding ~~will line~~ of ~~all~~ the above structures.		\|\| During week 3 gastrulation generates the endoderm layer that forms an epithelial layer that with later embryonic disc folding lines all of the above structures.


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	- primordial germ cells and oocytes		- primordial germ cells and oocytes
	+ thecal cells and interstitial cells		+ thecal cells and interstitial cells
	~~+ thecal cells~~ and ~~interstitial cells~~		- ductus deferens and mesonephric ducts
	\|\|~~The blastocyst has an [[E#embryoblast\|embryoblast]], also called an inner cell mass,~~ and ~~a [[T#trophoectoderm\|trophoectoderm]] or trophoblast~~ ~~layer~~. ~~The~~ 2 ~~blastomere stage develops into~~ the ~~morula~~ and ~~at the formation of the blastocoel~~ is ~~then~~ the ~~blastocyst~~. The ~~cavity lined by endoderm~~ is the ~~yolk sac and occurs after the blastocyst stage. The blastocyst stage occurs both before and after after hatching~~ from the ~~zona pellucida~~.		\|\|'''Thecal cells''' (female) and '''interstitial cells''' (male) both form the sex hormone secreting cell population in the gonads. Leydig cells and interstitial cells are 2 names for the same cell in the testis. Primordial germ cells exist in both sexes and do form oocytes, but this is not what the question asked. The ductus deferens is the male internal genital tract formed from the mesonephric ducts.

S8600021: /* Take the Quiz */

2011-06-02T05:35:35Z

Take the Quiz

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:35, 2 Haziran 2011
Line 41:		Line 41:
	\|\|Differentiation of the initially indifferent gonad is required before internal tract and then external tract development. Both the latter require gonad development and will be abnormal without this first step. Mesonephric duct is present beside the early genital ridge, but does not induce its differentiation. Paramesonephric duct forms after gonad determnation.		\|\|Differentiation of the initially indifferent gonad is required before internal tract and then external tract development. Both the latter require gonad development and will be abnormal without this first step. Mesonephric duct is present beside the early genital ridge, but does not induce its differentiation. Paramesonephric duct forms after gonad determnation.

			{The allantois, cloaca, hindgut and yolk sac are all lined with endoderm
			\|type="()"}
			+ true
			- false
			\|\| During week 3 gastrulation generates the endoderm layer that forms an epithelial layer that with embryonic disc folding will line of all the above structures.

	{~~Which of~~ the ~~following statements about the blastocyst is most correct~~
			{The cells in the adult male and female gonad forming from equivalent primordial cells in each sex are:
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	- ~~the blastocyst forms from the 2 blastomere stage~~		- Sertoli cells and thecal cells
	- ~~the blastocyst has a cavity lined with endoderm~~		- Leydig cells and interstitial cells
	- ~~the blastocyst stage occurs after hatching from the zona pellucida~~		- primordial germ cells and oocytes
	+ ~~the blastocyst has an embryoblast~~ and ~~trophoectoderm layer~~		+ thecal cells and interstitial cells
			+ thecal cells and interstitial cells
	\|\|The blastocyst has an [[E#embryoblast\|embryoblast]], also called an inner cell mass, and a [[T#trophoectoderm\|trophoectoderm]] or trophoblast layer. The 2 blastomere stage develops into the morula and at the formation of the blastocoel is then the blastocyst. The cavity lined by endoderm is the yolk sac and occurs after the blastocyst stage. The blastocyst stage occurs both before and after after hatching from the zona pellucida.		\|\|The blastocyst has an [[E#embryoblast\|embryoblast]], also called an inner cell mass, and a [[T#trophoectoderm\|trophoectoderm]] or trophoblast layer. The 2 blastomere stage develops into the morula and at the formation of the blastocoel is then the blastocyst. The cavity lined by endoderm is the yolk sac and occurs after the blastocyst stage. The blastocyst stage occurs both before and after after hatching from the zona pellucida.

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	\|\| The notochord has a mechanical role in how the embryonic disc folds and releases a signal (sonic hedgehog) that patterns surrounding tissues. The nucleus pulposis does form from the notochord (much later in embryonic development) but the notochord does not separate the cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes or form the intervertebral disc (from sclerotome of somite). Gastrulation and neuralation, you were asleep in the practical class or checking your facebook status.		\|\| The notochord has a mechanical role in how the embryonic disc folds and releases a signal (sonic hedgehog) that patterns surrounding tissues. The nucleus pulposis does form from the notochord (much later in embryonic development) but the notochord does not separate the cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes or form the intervertebral disc (from sclerotome of somite). Gastrulation and neuralation, you were asleep in the practical class or checking your facebook status.


	~~{Ectoderm refers only to the neural plate region of the trilaminar embryo~~
	~~\|type="()"}~~
	~~- true~~
	~~+ false~~
	\|\| The entire layer of the trilaminar embryo is the '''ectoderm''' (meaning outer layer), the neural plate is only the central portion of this layer. Ectoderm forms the central [[N#neural plate\|neural plate]] and the lateral parts form the [[E#epidermis\|epidermis]].


	</quiz>		</quiz>

S8600021 at 05:20, 2 Haziran 2011

2011-06-02T05:20:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:20, 2 Haziran 2011
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	{The mesonephric duct branches to form the		{The lower end of the mesonephric duct branches to form the:
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	+ ureteric bud		+ ureteric bud
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	- gonadal bud		- gonadal bud
	- none of the above		- none of the above
	\|\|The ureteric bud		\|\|The [[ureteric bud\|BGDB_Sexual_Differentiation_-_Early_Embryo#Kidney_and_Mesonephric_Duct]] is a single epithelial branch forming from each mesonephric duct, that extends laterally into intermediate mesoderm as part of early metanephric formation. Mesonephric duct does not form uterus or urethra. As far as I know I made up the term "gonadal bud".


	{~~Which~~ of the ~~following is incorrect about the block to polyspermy~~		{The sequential development of the genital system can best be described as:
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	- ~~occurs after fertilization~~		- internal and external genital tract dependent upon primordial germ cells
	+ ~~occurs when meiosis II is completed~~		+ gonadal differentiation determining internal then external tract development
	- ~~occurs initially when sperm~~ and ~~oocyte membranes fuse~~		- mesonephric duct forming genital ridge then internal and external tract development
	- ~~occurs when cortical granules are released~~		- internal tract determining gonadal then external tract development
			- paramesonephric duct forming genital ridge then internal and external tract development

	\|\|~~Meiosis II does completes at fertilization~~, but ~~it has no role in blocking polyspermy~~.		\|\|Differentiation of the initially indifferent gonad is required before internal tract and then external tract development. Both the latter require gonad development and will be abnormal without this first step. Mesonephric duct is present beside the early genital ridge, but does not induce its differentiation. Paramesonephric duct forms after gonad determnation.

S8600021: /* Take the Quiz */

2011-06-02T05:00:01Z

Take the Quiz

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:00, 2 Haziran 2011
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	- ovary support cells		- ovary support cells
	- mesonephric duct cells		- mesonephric duct cells
	\|\|The support cells in the genital ridge, forming the testes, express SRY and this leads to a cascade of signaling differentiating these cells into Sertoli cells. [[P#primordial germ cell\|Primordial germ cells]] are not involved in this initial sex determination step. Ovary support cells (granulosa cells) differentiate in the absence of SRY. Sesonephric duct cells, while present early in genital ridge development, are not the initiators of this process but later effected by gonad differentiation.		\|\|The support cells in the genital ridge, forming the testes, express SRY and this leads to a cascade of signaling differentiating these cells into Sertoli cells, also called sustentacular (structural support) cells of Sertoli. [[P#primordial germ cell\|Primordial germ cells]] are not involved in this initial sex determination step. The anterior pituitary participates in later hormonal events. Ovary support cells (granulosa cells) differentiate in the absence of SRY. Sesonephric duct cells, while present early in genital ridge development, are not the initiators of this process but later effected by gonad differentiation.

	{The spermatogenic epithelium is stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)		{The adult spermatogenic epithelium is stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	+ true		+ true
Line 21:		Line 21:


	{~~Gamete differentiation occurs while diploid in~~		{The mesonephric duct branches to form the
	\|type="()"}		\|type="()"}
	+ ~~oocytes~~		+ ureteric bud
	- ~~spermatozoa~~		- uterus bud
	\|\|~~Oocyte differentiation occurs while diploid (in first meiotic prophase), while spermatozoa differentiation occurs while haploid (after meiosis ends) in spermiogenesis.~~		- urethral bud
			- gonadal bud
			- none of the above
			\|\|The ureteric bud

S8600021: Created page with "Here are a few simple questions that relate to your BGD practical, this page is not a part of today's Practical class. You should try in your own time after completing the Practi..."

2011-06-02T04:52:10Z

Created page with "Here are a few simple questions that relate to your BGD practical, this page is not a part of today's Practical class. You should try in your own time after completing the Practi..."

New page

Here are a few simple questions that relate to your BGD practical, this page is not a part of today's Practical class. You should try in your own time after completing the Practical today.Take the quiz and see what you know, if you get some wrong, try working through through the [[2010 BGD Practical - Fertilization to Implantation]].

==Take the Quiz==

<quiz display=shuffle>

{Sex determination occurs initially through the SRY transcription factor acting on:
|type="()"}
- primordial germ cells
- anterior pituitary
+ testes support cells
- ovary support cells
- mesonephric duct cells
||The support cells in the genital ridge, forming the testes, express SRY and this leads to a cascade of signaling differentiating these cells into Sertoli cells. [[P#primordial germ cell|Primordial germ cells]] are not involved in this initial sex determination step. Ovary support cells (granulosa cells) differentiate in the absence of SRY. Sesonephric duct cells, while present early in genital ridge development, are not the initiators of this process but later effected by gonad differentiation.

{The spermatogenic epithelium is stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
|type="()"}
+ true
- false
|| Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) does stimulate the spermatogenic epithelium and luteinizing-hormone (LH) stimulates testosterone production by Leydig cells.

{Gamete differentiation occurs while diploid in
|type="()"}
+ oocytes
- spermatozoa
||Oocyte differentiation occurs while diploid (in first meiotic prophase), while spermatozoa differentiation occurs while haploid (after meiosis ends) in spermiogenesis.

{Which of the following is incorrect about the block to polyspermy
|type="()"}
- occurs after fertilization
+ occurs when meiosis II is completed
- occurs initially when sperm and oocyte membranes fuse
- occurs when cortical granules are released

||Meiosis II does completes at fertilization, but it has no role in blocking polyspermy.

{Which of the following statements about the blastocyst is most correct
|type="()"}
- the blastocyst forms from the 2 blastomere stage
- the blastocyst has a cavity lined with endoderm
- the blastocyst stage occurs after hatching from the zona pellucida
+ the blastocyst has an embryoblast and trophoectoderm layer

||The blastocyst has an [[E#embryoblast|embryoblast]], also called an inner cell mass, and a [[T#trophoectoderm|trophoectoderm]] or trophoblast layer. The 2 blastomere stage develops into the morula and at the formation of the blastocoel is then the blastocyst. The cavity lined by endoderm is the yolk sac and occurs after the blastocyst stage. The blastocyst stage occurs both before and after after hatching from the zona pellucida.

{Select the correct options below for the process of implantation
|type="[]"}
+ is driven by the trophoblast layer
+ occurs following adplantation
+ can occur inside and outside the uterine body
+ allows endocrine support of the corpus luteum

||Yes, all the above relate to the process of implantation.

{The extraembryonic coelom refers too
|type="()"}
+ amniotic cavity, yolk sac and chorionic cavity
- pericardial cavity, pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity
- blastocoel, somitocoel and lateral plate coelom
- maternal lacunae, uterine gland lumen, uterine body cavity

|| The extraembryonic coelom is the cavity lying outside the embryo forming the amniotic cavity, yolk sac and chorionic cavity. The intraembryonic coelom is the space inside the embryo lateral plate mesoderm forming the pericardial cavity, pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity. The blastocoel is the cavity inside the blastocyst before embryo formation. The somitocoel is the cavity forming inside the early somite before cell proliferation fills the space. The lateral plate coelom is the horseshoe space forming in the embryonic disc that gives rise to the the pericardial cavity, pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity. The maternal lacunae is the blood-filled space formed by the implantation process. The uterine gland lumen and uterine body cavity have nothing to do with embryonic spaces.

{Which of the following statements is incorrect about the process of gastrulation
|type="()"}
- gives rise to the trilaminar embryo
- involves cell migration from the epiblast layer
+ extends from the primitive node to the buccopharyngeal membrane
- occurs at the region known as the primitive streak
- generates endoderm and then mesoderm layers

{What are the two main early embryonic developmental roles of the notochord
|type="()"}
+ mechanical role in embryonic disc folding and signaling for tissue patterning
- formation of the nucleus pulposis and separating cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes
- gastrulation and neuralation
- formation of the nucleus pulposis and intervertebral disc
|| The notochord has a mechanical role in how the embryonic disc folds and releases a signal (sonic hedgehog) that patterns surrounding tissues. The nucleus pulposis does form from the notochord (much later in embryonic development) but the notochord does not separate the cloacal and buccopharyngeal membranes or form the intervertebral disc (from sclerotome of somite). Gastrulation and neuralation, you were asleep in the practical class or checking your facebook status.

{Ectoderm refers only to the neural plate region of the trilaminar embryo
|type="()"}
- true
+ false
|| The entire layer of the trilaminar embryo is the '''ectoderm''' (meaning outer layer), the neural plate is only the central portion of this layer. Ectoderm forms the central [[N#neural plate|neural plate]] and the lateral parts form the [[E#epidermis|epidermis]].

</quiz>