Talk:2009 Lecture 10 - Revision history

MarkHill at 06:00, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T06:00:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 24 August 2009
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	:"By 34 d gestation, there was continuity between the aortic sac, pulmonary arteries, capillaries, pulmonary veins, and atrium. The pulmonary veins formed by vasculogenesis in the mesenchyme surrounding the terminal buds during the pseudoglandular period and probably by angiogenesis in the canalicular and alveolar stages. EphB4 and ephrinB2 did not distinguish between presumptive venous and arterial endothelium as they do in mouse. All venous smooth muscle cells derived directly from the mesenchyme, gradually acquiring smooth muscle specific proteins from 56 d gestation. Thus, both pulmonary arteries and veins arise by vasculogenesis, but the origins of their smooth muscle cells and their cytoskeletal protein content are different."		:"By 34 d gestation, there was continuity between the aortic sac, pulmonary arteries, capillaries, pulmonary veins, and atrium. The pulmonary veins formed by vasculogenesis in the mesenchyme surrounding the terminal buds during the pseudoglandular period and probably by angiogenesis in the canalicular and alveolar stages. EphB4 and ephrinB2 did not distinguish between presumptive venous and arterial endothelium as they do in mouse. All venous smooth muscle cells derived directly from the mesenchyme, gradually acquiring smooth muscle specific proteins from 56 d gestation. Thus, both pulmonary arteries and veins arise by vasculogenesis, but the origins of their smooth muscle cells and their cytoskeletal protein content are different."


			http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122523254/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0

MarkHill at 05:42, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T05:42:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:42, 24 August 2009
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	:"Airway smooth muscle (SM) develops from local mesenchymal cells located around the tips of growing epithelial buds. These cells gradually displace from distal to proximal position alongside the bronchial tree, elongate, and begin to synthesize SM-specific proteins. Mechanical tension (either generated by cell spreading/elongation or stretch), as well as epithelial paracrine factors, regulates the process of bronchial myogenesis. The specific roles of many of these paracrine factors during normal lung development are currently unknown. It is also unknown how and if mechanical and paracrine signals integrate into a common myogenic pathway. Furthermore, as with vascular SM and other types of visceral SM, we are just beginning to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways and the genetic program that controls lung myogenesis. Here we present what we have learned so far about the embryogenesis of bronchial muscle."		:"Airway smooth muscle (SM) develops from local mesenchymal cells located around the tips of growing epithelial buds. These cells gradually displace from distal to proximal position alongside the bronchial tree, elongate, and begin to synthesize SM-specific proteins. Mechanical tension (either generated by cell spreading/elongation or stretch), as well as epithelial paracrine factors, regulates the process of bronchial myogenesis. The specific roles of many of these paracrine factors during normal lung development are currently unknown. It is also unknown how and if mechanical and paracrine signals integrate into a common myogenic pathway. Furthermore, as with vascular SM and other types of visceral SM, we are just beginning to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways and the genetic program that controls lung myogenesis. Here we present what we have learned so far about the embryogenesis of bronchial muscle."

			* Origin, differentiation, and maturation of human pulmonary veins. Hall SM, Hislop AA, Haworth SG. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2002 Mar;26(3):333-40. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11867341 PMID: 11867341]

			:"By 34 d gestation, there was continuity between the aortic sac, pulmonary arteries, capillaries, pulmonary veins, and atrium. The pulmonary veins formed by vasculogenesis in the mesenchyme surrounding the terminal buds during the pseudoglandular period and probably by angiogenesis in the canalicular and alveolar stages. EphB4 and ephrinB2 did not distinguish between presumptive venous and arterial endothelium as they do in mouse. All venous smooth muscle cells derived directly from the mesenchyme, gradually acquiring smooth muscle specific proteins from 56 d gestation. Thus, both pulmonary arteries and veins arise by vasculogenesis, but the origins of their smooth muscle cells and their cytoskeletal protein content are different."

MarkHill at 05:33, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T05:33:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 24 August 2009
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	== Background Reading ==		== Background Reading ==

	Transcriptional control of lung morphogenesis. Maeda Y, Davé V, Whitsett JA. Physiol Rev. 2007 Jan;87(1):219-44. Review. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17237346 PMID: 17237346] [http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/87/1/219 Physiol Rev.] - Good teaching diagrams		* Transcriptional control of lung morphogenesis. Maeda Y, Davé V, Whitsett JA. Physiol Rev. 2007 Jan;87(1):219-44. Review. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17237346 PMID: 17237346] [http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/87/1/219 Physiol Rev.] - Good teaching diagrams

	:"The vertebrate lung consists of multiple cell types that are derived primarily from endodermal and mesodermal compartments of the early embryo. The process of pulmonary organogenesis requires the generation of precise signaling centers that are linked to transcriptional programs that, in turn, regulate cell numbers, differentiation, and behavior, as branching morphogenesis and alveolarization proceed. This review summarizes knowledge regarding the expression and proposed roles of transcription factors influencing lung formation and function with particular focus on knowledge derived from the study of the mouse. A group of transcription factors active in the endodermally derived cells of the developing lung tubules, including thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), beta-catenin, Forkhead orthologs (FOX), GATA, SOX, and ETS family members are required for normal lung morphogenesis and function. In contrast, a group of distinct proteins, including FOXF1, POD1, GLI, and HOX family members, play important roles in the developing lung mesenchyme, from which pulmonary vessels and bronchial smooth muscle develop. Lung formation is dependent on reciprocal signaling among cells of both endodermal and mesenchymal compartments that instruct transcriptional processes mediating lung formation and adaptation to breathing after birth."		:"The vertebrate lung consists of multiple cell types that are derived primarily from endodermal and mesodermal compartments of the early embryo. The process of pulmonary organogenesis requires the generation of precise signaling centers that are linked to transcriptional programs that, in turn, regulate cell numbers, differentiation, and behavior, as branching morphogenesis and alveolarization proceed. This review summarizes knowledge regarding the expression and proposed roles of transcription factors influencing lung formation and function with particular focus on knowledge derived from the study of the mouse. A group of transcription factors active in the endodermally derived cells of the developing lung tubules, including thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), beta-catenin, Forkhead orthologs (FOX), GATA, SOX, and ETS family members are required for normal lung morphogenesis and function. In contrast, a group of distinct proteins, including FOXF1, POD1, GLI, and HOX family members, play important roles in the developing lung mesenchyme, from which pulmonary vessels and bronchial smooth muscle develop. Lung formation is dependent on reciprocal signaling among cells of both endodermal and mesenchymal compartments that instruct transcriptional processes mediating lung formation and adaptation to breathing after birth."

			* Regulation of early lung morphogenesis: questions, facts and controversies. Cardoso WV, Lü J. Development. 2006 May;133(9):1611-24. Review. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16613830 PMID: 16613830]

			:"During early respiratory system development, the foregut endoderm gives rise to the tracheal and lung cell progenitors. Through branching morphogenesis, and in coordination with vascular development, a tree-like structure of epithelial tubules forms and differentiates to produce the airways and alveoli. Recent studies have implicated the fibroblast growth factor, sonic hedgehog, bone morphogenetic protein, retinoic acid and Wnt signaling pathways, and various transcription factors in regulating the initial stages of lung development. However, the precise roles of these molecules and how they interact in the developing lung is subject to debate. Here, we review early stages in lung development and highlight questions and controversies regarding their molecular regulation."

MarkHill at 05:31, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T05:31:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:31, 24 August 2009
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	== Background Reading ==		== Background Reading ==

	Transcriptional control of lung morphogenesis. Maeda Y, Davé V, Whitsett JA. Physiol Rev. 2007 Jan;87(1):219-44. Review. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17237346 PMID: 17237346] [http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/87/1/219] - Good teaching diagrams		Transcriptional control of lung morphogenesis. Maeda Y, Davé V, Whitsett JA. Physiol Rev. 2007 Jan;87(1):219-44. Review. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17237346 PMID: 17237346] [http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/87/1/219 Physiol Rev.] - Good teaching diagrams

	:"The vertebrate lung consists of multiple cell types that are derived primarily from endodermal and mesodermal compartments of the early embryo. The process of pulmonary organogenesis requires the generation of precise signaling centers that are linked to transcriptional programs that, in turn, regulate cell numbers, differentiation, and behavior, as branching morphogenesis and alveolarization proceed. This review summarizes knowledge regarding the expression and proposed roles of transcription factors influencing lung formation and function with particular focus on knowledge derived from the study of the mouse. A group of transcription factors active in the endodermally derived cells of the developing lung tubules, including thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), beta-catenin, Forkhead orthologs (FOX), GATA, SOX, and ETS family members are required for normal lung morphogenesis and function. In contrast, a group of distinct proteins, including FOXF1, POD1, GLI, and HOX family members, play important roles in the developing lung mesenchyme, from which pulmonary vessels and bronchial smooth muscle develop. Lung formation is dependent on reciprocal signaling among cells of both endodermal and mesenchymal compartments that instruct transcriptional processes mediating lung formation and adaptation to breathing after birth."		:"The vertebrate lung consists of multiple cell types that are derived primarily from endodermal and mesodermal compartments of the early embryo. The process of pulmonary organogenesis requires the generation of precise signaling centers that are linked to transcriptional programs that, in turn, regulate cell numbers, differentiation, and behavior, as branching morphogenesis and alveolarization proceed. This review summarizes knowledge regarding the expression and proposed roles of transcription factors influencing lung formation and function with particular focus on knowledge derived from the study of the mouse. A group of transcription factors active in the endodermally derived cells of the developing lung tubules, including thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), beta-catenin, Forkhead orthologs (FOX), GATA, SOX, and ETS family members are required for normal lung morphogenesis and function. In contrast, a group of distinct proteins, including FOXF1, POD1, GLI, and HOX family members, play important roles in the developing lung mesenchyme, from which pulmonary vessels and bronchial smooth muscle develop. Lung formation is dependent on reciprocal signaling among cells of both endodermal and mesenchymal compartments that instruct transcriptional processes mediating lung formation and adaptation to breathing after birth."

MarkHill at 05:31, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T05:31:24Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 == Background Reading ==
 * Development of the pulmonary veins; with reference to the embryology of anomalies of pulmonary venous return. NEILL CA. Pediatrics. 1956 Dec;18(6):880-7. No abstract available. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13378917?dopt=Abstract PMID: 13378917] | [http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/18/6/880 Pediatrics]
@@ Line 20: / Line 26: @@
 * as the right pulmonary veins gain their entrance to the atrial roof infolding of the wall between their mouths and the orifices of the systemic venous sinus entering the right atrium.
 * infolding produces the septum secundum (superior interatrial fold).

MarkHill at 05:17, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T05:17:49Z

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-== Background Reading ==
+===pulmonary vein origin===
-* Development of the pulmonary veins; with reference to the embryology of anomalies of pulmonary venous return. NEILL CA. Pediatrics. 1956 Dec;18(6):880-7. No abstract available.
+human heart
-[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13378917?dopt=Abstract PMID: 13378917] |[http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/18/6/880 Pediatrics]
+* pulmonary vein opens initially as a solitary orifice adjacent to the atrioventricular junctions

MarkHill: Created page with ' == Background Reading == * Development of the pulmonary veins; with reference to the embryology of anomalies of pulmonary venous return. NEILL CA. Pediatrics. 1956 Dec;18(6):88…'

2009-08-24T05:02:22Z

Created page with ' == Background Reading == * Development of the pulmonary veins; with reference to the embryology of anomalies of pulmonary venous return. NEILL CA. Pediatrics. 1956 Dec;18(6):88…'

New page

== Background Reading ==

* Development of the pulmonary veins; with reference to the embryology of anomalies of pulmonary venous return. NEILL CA. Pediatrics. 1956 Dec;18(6):880-7. No abstract available.
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13378917?dopt=Abstract PMID: 13378917] |[http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/18/6/880 Pediatrics]