T - Revision history

Z8600021 at 22:45, 13 November 2019

2019-11-13T22:45:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:45, 14 November 2019
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	===trilaminar embryo===		===trilaminar embryo===

	:Term used to describe the early three (3) layered ~~[[E#~~embryo~~\|embryo]]~~ following gastrulation when it now has a structure consisting of the 3 germ cell layers: ~~[[E#ectoderm\|~~ectoderm]], ~~[[M#mesoderm\|~~mesoderm]], ~~[[E#endoderm\|~~endoderm]]. In humans, this developmental stage occurs during week 3. Do not confuse the term "germ cell layers" with "germ cells", which refer to the egg and sperm.		:Term used to describe the early three (3) layered embryo following {{gastrulation}} when it now has a structure consisting of the 3 germ cell layers: {{ectoderm}}, {{mesoderm}}, {{endoderm}}. In humans, this developmental stage occurs during week 3. Do not confuse the term "germ cell layers" with "germ cells", which refer to the egg and sperm.

	:(More? [[Week 3]] \| [[Lecture - Week 3 Development]] \| \| [[Timeline human development]])		:(More? {{gastrulation}} \| [[Week 3]] \| [[Lecture - Week 3 Development]] \| \| [[Timeline human development]])

	===trimegestone===		===trimegestone===
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	===trophoblast===		===trophoblast===

	:(TE; [[T#trophectoderm\|trophectoderm]], Greek, ''trophe'' = "nutrition" and ''blast'' = a [[P#primordial\|primordial]] cell) the trophoblast cells have an important contribution to extraembryonic tissues (fetal [[P#placenta\|placenta]] and membranes) and processes of early development ([[A#adplantation\|adplantation]], ~~[[I#~~implantation~~\|implantation]]~~ and endocrine support of pregnancy). Week 1 {{blastocyst}} formation the outer layer of cells (adjacent to the zona pellucida) form a flat squamous epithelial layer of cells, the trophoblast layer. Week 2 following blastocyst hatching the trophoblast layer is involved with initial adhesion to the uterine wall and subsequent implantation within the wall. During this period the trophoblast layer differentiates into two distinct layers (~~[[S#~~syncitiotrophoblast~~\|syncitiotrophoblast]]~~, ~~[[C#~~cytotrophoblast~~\|cytotrophoblast]]~~).		:(TE; [[T#trophectoderm\|trophectoderm]], Greek, ''trophe'' = "nutrition" and ''blast'' = a [[P#primordial\|primordial]] cell) the trophoblast cells have an important contribution to extraembryonic tissues (fetal [[P#placenta\|placenta]] and membranes) and processes of early development ([[A#adplantation\|adplantation]], {{implantation}} and endocrine support of pregnancy). Week 1 {{blastocyst}} formation the outer layer of cells (adjacent to the zona pellucida) form a flat squamous epithelial layer of cells, the trophoblast layer. Week 2 following blastocyst hatching the trophoblast layer is involved with initial adhesion to the uterine wall and subsequent implantation within the wall. During this period the trophoblast layer differentiates into two distinct layers ({{syncitiotrophoblast}}, {{cytotrophoblast}}).

	:(More? [[Trophoblast]] \| [[Week 2]] \| [[Week 3]] \| [[Placenta ~~Development]]~~)		:(More? {{Trophoblast}} \| [[Week 2]] \| [[Week 3]] \| {{Placenta}})

	===truncus arteriosus===		===truncus arteriosus===
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	:(Ts(17<sup>16</sup>)65Dn) The most widely used genetic and phenotypic mouse model for the human genetic disorder [[T#trisomy 21\|trisomy 21]] or [[D#Down_syndrome\|Down syndrome]]. The mouse strain contains a small translocation chromosome resulting in triplication of approximately half of the gene orthologs found on human chromosome 21.		:(Ts(17<sup>16</sup>)65Dn) The most widely used genetic and phenotypic mouse model for the human genetic disorder [[T#trisomy 21\|trisomy 21]] or [[D#Down_syndrome\|Down syndrome]]. The mouse strain contains a small translocation chromosome resulting in triplication of approximately half of the gene orthologs found on human chromosome 21.

	:(More? [[Trisomy 21]] \| [[Mouse ~~Development]]~~ \| PMID 7550346)		:(More? {{Trisomy 21}} \| {{Mouse}} \| {{PMID}}7550346 PMID 7550346])

	===TTTS===		===TTTS===
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	: (TSC) An autosomal-dominant disorder that presents with highly variable clinical indicators including: seizures, mental retardation, skin lesions, and [[H#hamartomas\|hamartomas]] (benign, focal malformation that resembles a neoplasm in the tissue of its origin) affecting multiple organ systems such as the heart, brain, eye, and kidney. The survival rate is low (approximately 20%) and associated with a high incidence of perinatal morbidity and mortality.		: (TSC) An autosomal-dominant disorder that presents with highly variable clinical indicators including: seizures, mental retardation, skin lesions, and [[H#hamartomas\|hamartomas]] (benign, focal malformation that resembles a neoplasm in the tissue of its origin) affecting multiple organ systems such as the heart, brain, eye, and kidney. The survival rate is low (approximately 20%) and associated with a high incidence of perinatal morbidity and mortality.

	:(More? PMID 19452429)		:(More? {{PMID}}19452429 PMID 19452429])

	===tubulogenesis===		===tubulogenesis===

Z8600021 at 22:41, 13 November 2019

2019-11-13T22:41:41Z

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Z8600021 at 22:25, 13 November 2019

2019-11-13T22:25:37Z

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Z8600021 at 22:20, 13 November 2019

2019-11-13T22:20:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:20, 14 November 2019
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	:(Tlx3) gene which specifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Respiratory Neuron Homeobox (Rnh) or {{HOX}}11L2.		:(Tlx3) gene which specifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Respiratory Neuron Homeobox (Rnh) or {{HOX}}11L2.

	:(More? [[Neural System Development]] \| [[Stem Cells]] \| [http://omim.org/entry/604640 OMIM] \| {{PMID}}~~[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/~~18391221 PMID 18391221])		:(More? [[Neural System Development]] \| [[Stem Cells]] \| [http://omim.org/entry/604640 OMIM] \| {{PMID}}18391221 PMID 18391221])

	===tachypnea===		===tachypnea===

Z8600021 at 22:18, 13 November 2019

2019-11-13T22:18:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:18, 14 November 2019
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	===T cell leukemia 3===		===T cell leukemia 3===

	:(Tlx3) gene which specifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Respiratory Neuron Homeobox (Rnh) or ~~HOX11L2~~.		:(Tlx3) gene which specifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Respiratory Neuron Homeobox (Rnh) or {{HOX}}11L2.

	:(More? [[Neural System Development]] \| [[Stem Cells]] \| [http://omim.org/entry/604640 OMIM] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18391221 PMID 18391221])		:(More? [[Neural System Development]] \| [[Stem Cells]] \| [http://omim.org/entry/604640 OMIM] \| {{PMID}}[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18391221 PMID 18391221])

	===tachypnea===		===tachypnea===

Z8600021 at 22:18, 13 November 2019

2019-11-13T22:18:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:18, 14 November 2019
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	:(Tlx3) gene which specifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Respiratory Neuron Homeobox (Rnh) or HOX11L2.		:(Tlx3) gene which specifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Respiratory Neuron Homeobox (Rnh) or HOX11L2.

	:(More? [[Neural System Development]] \| [[Stem Cells]] \| [http://omim.org/entry/604640 OMIM] \| PMID 18391221)		:(More? [[Neural System Development]] \| [[Stem Cells]] \| [http://omim.org/entry/604640 OMIM] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18391221 PMID 18391221])

	===tachypnea===		===tachypnea===
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	:(TT atlas) A human stereotactic brain atlas published in 1988 (Talairach J, Tournoux P (1988). Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. Thieme, New York) used in many neural studies.		:(TT atlas) A human stereotactic brain atlas published in 1988 (Talairach J, Tournoux P (1988). Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. Thieme, New York) used in many neural studies.

	:(More? ~~[[Neural System Development\|Neural Development]]~~ \| [http://www.talairach.org/about.html Talairach Org] \| [http://www.talairach.org/labels.txt list of labels] \| PMID 16284412)		:(More? {{neural}} \| [http://www.talairach.org/about.html Talairach Org] \| [http://www.talairach.org/labels.txt list of labels] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284412 PMID 16284412])

	[[File:Talipes equinovarus 01.jpg\|thumb\|150px\|alt=Talipes equinovarus\|link=Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Abnormalities#Talipes_Equinovarus\|Talipes equinovarus]]		[[File:Talipes equinovarus 01.jpg\|thumb\|150px\|alt=Talipes equinovarus\|link=Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Abnormalities#Talipes_Equinovarus\|Talipes equinovarus]]
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	===Tanner stages===		===Tanner stages===
	:(Tanner scale) An anatomical staging system for measuring male/female sexual development at puberty. Stages were based upon genital and secondary sex characteristic development and named after James M. Tanner. Tanner, along with W.A. Marshall, published the stages for both girls (1969 PMID 5785179) and boys (1970 PMID 5440182), see also the review (1968 PMID 4297619). It is not a system for determining age.		:(Tanner scale) An anatomical staging system for measuring male/female sexual development at puberty. Stages were based upon genital and secondary sex characteristic development and named after James M. Tanner. Tanner, along with W.A. Marshall, published the stages for both girls (1969 PMID 5785179) and boys (1970 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5440182 PMID 5440182]), see also the review (1968 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4297619 PMID 4297619]). It is not a system for determining age.

	:(More? [[Puberty ~~Development]]~~ \| [[:Template:Tanner stages\|Tanner stages]] \| PMID 5785179 \| PMID 5440182)		:(More? {{Puberty}} \| [[:Template:Tanner stages\|Tanner stages]] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5785179 PMID 5785179] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5440182 PMID 5440182])

	===TARP syndrome===		===TARP syndrome===

Z8600021 at 00:08, 19 March 2019

2019-03-19T00:08:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:08, 19 March 2019
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	:''Terminologia Embryologica'' (TE) A standardized list of terms/words used in the description of human embryonic and fetal structures. Produced by the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology on behalf of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. A new second edition is in preparation for approval in 2019. The TE system replaces the earlier ''Nomina Embryologica''. ''Terminologia Anatomica'' (TA) is a similar standard terminology for adult human anatomy.		:''Terminologia Embryologica'' (TE) A standardized list of terms/words used in the description of human embryonic and fetal structures. Produced by the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology on behalf of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. A new second edition is in preparation for approval in 2019. The TE system replaces the earlier ''Nomina Embryologica''. ''Terminologia Anatomica'' (TA) is a similar standard terminology for adult human anatomy.

	:(More? [[Terminologia Embryologica ~~User Guide.pdf\|Terminologia Embryologica User Guide]] [https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/PDF/TE%20User%20Guide.pdf externl PDF]~~		:(More? {{Terminologia Embryologica}})

	===tertiary follicle===		===tertiary follicle===

Z8600021 at 00:05, 19 March 2019

2019-03-19T00:05:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:05, 19 March 2019
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	===terminologia embryologica===		===terminologia embryologica===
	:''Terminologia Embryologica'' (TE) A standardized list of terms/words used in the description of human embryonic and fetal structures. Produced by the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology on behalf of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. ~~This~~ system replaces the earlier ''Nomina Embryologica''. ''Terminologia Anatomica'' (TA) is a similar standard terminology for adult human anatomy.		:''Terminologia Embryologica'' (TE) A standardized list of terms/words used in the description of human embryonic and fetal structures. Produced by the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology on behalf of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. A new second edition is in preparation for approval in 2019. The TE system replaces the earlier ''Nomina Embryologica''. ''Terminologia Anatomica'' (TA) is a similar standard terminology for adult human anatomy.

	:(More? [[Terminologia Embryologica User Guide.pdf\|Terminologia Embryologica User Guide]] [https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/PDF/TE%20User%20Guide.pdf externl PDF]		:(More? [[Terminologia Embryologica User Guide.pdf\|Terminologia Embryologica User Guide]] [https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/PDF/TE%20User%20Guide.pdf externl PDF]

	===tertiary follicle===		===tertiary follicle===

Z8600021 at 00:00, 19 March 2019

2019-03-19T00:00:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:00, 19 March 2019
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	:A muscle which functions to open the [[A#auditory tube\|auditory tube]] by pulling its lateral wall laterally and inferiorly.		:A muscle which functions to open the [[A#auditory tube\|auditory tube]] by pulling its lateral wall laterally and inferiorly.

	:(More? ~~[[Sensory_-_Hearing_and_Balance_Development\|~~Hearing ~~Development]] \| [[Hearing_-_Middle_Ear_Development~~\|Middle ~~Ear Development]]~~)		:(More? {{Hearing}} \| {{Middle ear}})

	===tentorial notch===		===tentorial notch===
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	:(Greek, ''teraton'' = monster) Any agent that causes a structural abnormality following exposure during pregnancy. The overall effect depends on dosage and time of exposure. Absolute risk - the rate of occurrence of an abnormal phenotype among individuals exposed to the agent. (e.g. [[F#fetal alcohol syndrome\|fetal alcohol syndrome]]) Relative risk - the ratio of the rate of the condition among the exposed and the non-exposed. (e.g. smokers risk of having a low birth weight baby compared to non-smokers) A high relative risk may indicate a low absolute risk if the condition is rare.		:(Greek, ''teraton'' = monster) Any agent that causes a structural abnormality following exposure during pregnancy. The overall effect depends on dosage and time of exposure. Absolute risk - the rate of occurrence of an abnormal phenotype among individuals exposed to the agent. (e.g. [[F#fetal alcohol syndrome\|fetal alcohol syndrome]]) Relative risk - the ratio of the rate of the condition among the exposed and the non-exposed. (e.g. smokers risk of having a low birth weight baby compared to non-smokers) A high relative risk may indicate a low absolute risk if the condition is rare.

	:(More? ~~[[Human_Abnormal_Development\|Abnormal Development]]~~)		:(More? {{abnormal development}})

			===teratospermia===

			:Clinical term for a {{Spermatozoa}} with abnormal morphology (small, large, defects in the head, tail, and/or mid-piece) present in the semen or ejaculate.

			:(More? {{Spermatozoa}})

	===teratology===		===teratology===
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	:(Greek, ''teraton'' = monster) The study of agents ([[T#teratogen\|teratogens]]) that can or may cause a structural abnormality following exposure during pregnancy.		:(Greek, ''teraton'' = monster) The study of agents ([[T#teratogen\|teratogens]]) that can or may cause a structural abnormality following exposure during pregnancy.

	:(More? ~~[[Human_Abnormal_Development\|Abnormal Development]]~~)		:(More? {{abnormal development}})

	===teratoma===		===teratoma===
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	:(Greek, ''teraton'' = monster) tumours arising from more than one germ layer. Term first used by Virchow in 1863. Typically a germ cell tumor that may contain several different types of tissues, not all teratomas are malignant.		:(Greek, ''teraton'' = monster) tumours arising from more than one germ layer. Term first used by Virchow in 1863. Typically a germ cell tumor that may contain several different types of tissues, not all teratomas are malignant.

			:(More? {{abnormal development}})
	===term birth===		===term birth===

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	===terminal sac stage===		===terminal sac stage===

	:(terminal sac phase, immature alveoli) Term used to describe the second last histological/developmental stage ([[P#Pseudoglandular\|Pseudoglandular]], Fetal Canalicular, '''Terminal sac''', Alveolar) of lung development. This stage occurs from late fetal week 24 to 36. During this stage branching and growth of the terminal sacs occurs, with cellular differentiation of the type -II pneumonocytes and type - I pneumonocytes The final functional sac of the respiratory tree occurs at the next neonatal period, where gas exchange occurs between the alveolar space and the pulmonary capillaries.		:(saccular stage, terminal sac phase, immature alveoli) Term used to describe the second last histological/developmental stage ([[P#Pseudoglandular\|Pseudoglandular]], Fetal Canalicular, '''Terminal sac''', Alveolar) of lung development. This stage occurs from late fetal week 24 to 36. During this stage branching and growth of the terminal sacs occurs, with cellular differentiation of the type -II pneumonocytes and type - I pneumonocytes The final functional sac of the respiratory tree occurs at the next neonatal period, where gas exchange occurs between the alveolar space and the pulmonary capillaries.

	::'''Lung stages:''' [[R#respiratory embryonic stage\|respiratory embryonic stage]] - [[P#pseudoglandular stage\|pseudoglandular stage]] - [[C#canalicular stage\|canalicular stage]] - [[T#terminal sac stage\|terminal sac stage]] - [[A#alveolar stage\|alveolar stage]]		::'''Lung stages:''' [[R#respiratory embryonic stage\|respiratory embryonic stage]] - [[P#pseudoglandular stage\|pseudoglandular stage]] - [[C#canalicular stage\|canalicular stage]] - [[T#terminal sac stage\|terminal sac stage]] - [[A#alveolar stage\|alveolar stage]]

	:(More? [[Respiratory ~~System Development]]~~ \| [[Lecture - Respiratory Development]])		:(More? {{Respiratory}} \| [[Lecture - Respiratory Development]])

			===terminologia embryologica===
			:''Terminologia Embryologica'' (TE) A standardized list of terms/words used in the description of human embryonic and fetal structures. Produced by the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology on behalf of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. This system replaces the earlier ''Nomina Embryologica''. ''Terminologia Anatomica'' (TA) is a similar standard terminology for adult human anatomy.

			:(More? [[Terminologia Embryologica User Guide.pdf\|Terminologia Embryologica User Guide]] [https://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/PDF/TE%20User%20Guide.pdf externl PDF]

	===tertiary follicle===		===tertiary follicle===
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	:Term used to describe a cell with duplicated chromosomal abnormality, in humans four sets of 23 chromosomes instead of 2 ([[D#diploid\|diploid]]) due to a failure of the first mitotic division after [[F#fertilization\|fertilization]], these types of fertilization events fail to develop.		:Term used to describe a cell with duplicated chromosomal abnormality, in humans four sets of 23 chromosomes instead of 2 ([[D#diploid\|diploid]]) due to a failure of the first mitotic division after [[F#fertilization\|fertilization]], these types of fertilization events fail to develop.

	:(More? ~~[[Human~~ Abnormal ~~Development]] \| [[Human_Abnormal_Development\|Abnormal Development]])~~		:(More? {{Abnormal development}})

	~~===teratospermia===~~

	~~:Clinical term for a spermatozoa with abnormal morphology (small, large, defects in the head, tail, and/or mid-piece~~) ~~present in the semen or ejaculate.~~

	~~:(More? [[Spermatozoa Development]])~~
	===thalassaemia===		===thalassaemia===

Z8600021 at 00:21, 12 November 2018

2018-11-12T00:21:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:21, 12 November 2018
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	===TTTS===		===TTTS===

	:Acronym for ~~[[#Twin-twin_transfusion_syndrome\|Twin~~-twin transfusion syndrome]].		:Acronym for {{twin-twin transfusion syndrome}}.

	===tubal factor===		===tubal factor===