Neural - Basal Ganglia Development - Revision history

Z8600021 at 03:09, 17 Ocak 2020

2020-01-17T03:09:28Z

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	{{~~Template:~~Neural Table}}		{{Neural Table}}

	==Early Brain Vesicles==		==Early Brain Vesicles==
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	===Secondary Vesicles===		===Secondary Vesicles===
	[[Image:CNS secondary vesicles.jpg\|600px]]		[[Image:CNS secondary vesicles.jpg\|600px]]

			==Adult==

			{\|
			\| colspan=2\|Basal ganglia frontal lobe connectivities for motor cognitive interaction{{#pmid:24592214\|PMID24592214}}
			\|-
			\| [[File:Basal ganglia and frontal lobe 1.jpg\|600px]]
			\| All regions of the cerebral cortex project to the basal ganglia, but the output of the basal ganglia are directed toward the frontal lobe, particularly the premotor and supplementary motor cortex with specific connectivities of the basal ganglia for (A) attention, working memory, and executive function (B) conditioned fear memory and (C) cerebellar and basal ganglia modulation of cognition.

			(text from figure legend)
			\|}

	== References ==		== References ==

Z8600021 at 03:03, 17 Ocak 2020

2020-01-17T03:03:18Z

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	<references/>		<references/>
	===Reviews===		===Reviews===

			{{#pmid:29107476}}

	{{#pmid:19206138}}		{{#pmid:19206138}}

Z8600021 at 03:00, 17 Ocak 2020

2020-01-17T03:00:48Z

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	<references/>		<references/>
	===Reviews===		===Reviews===
	~~<pubmed>~~19206138~~</pubmed>~~		{{#pmid:19206138}}
	~~<pubmed>~~19374952~~</pubmed>~~
	~~<pubmed>~~16909031~~</pubmed>~~		{{#pmid:19374952}}
	~~<pubmed>~~12724145~~</pubmed>~~
	~~<pubmed>~~12505644~~</pubmed>~~		{{#pmid:16909031}}
	~~<pubmed>~~12115267~~</pubmed>~~
	~~<pubmed>~~11543954~~</pubmed>~~		{{#pmid:12724145}}

			{{#pmid:12505644}}

			{{#pmid:12115267}}

			{{#pmid:11543954}}

	===Articles===		===Articles===
	~~<pubmed>~~18230116~~</pubmed>~~		{{#pmid:31736719}}

			{{#pmid:18230116}}

	===Search PubMed===		===Search PubMed===

Z8600021 at 01:29, 17 Ocak 2020

2020-01-17T01:29:28Z

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			* '''The Basal Ganglia Over 500 Million Years'''{{#pmid:27780050\|PMID27780050}} "The lamprey belongs to the phylogenetically oldest group of vertebrates that diverged from the mammalian evolutionary line 560 million years ago. A comparison between the lamprey and mammalian basal ganglia establishes a detailed similarity regarding its input from cortex/pallium and thalamus, as well as its intrinsic organisation and projections of the output nuclei. This means that the basal ganglia circuits now present in rodents and primates most likely had evolved already at the dawn of vertebrate evolution. This includes the 'direct pathway' with striatal projection neurons (SPNs) expressing dopamine D1 receptors, which act to inhibit the tonically active GABAergic output neurons in globus pallidus interna and substantia nigra pars reticulata that at rest keep the brainstem motor centres under tonic inhibition. The 'indirect pathway' with dopamine D2 receptor-expressing SPNs and intrinsic basal ganglia nuclei is also conserved. The net effect of the direct pathway is to disinhibit brainstem motor centres and release motor programs, while the indirect pathway instead will suppress motor activity. Transmitters, connectivity and membrane properties are virtually identical in lamprey and rodent basal ganglia. We predict that the basal ganglia contains a series of modules each controlling a given pattern of behaviour including locomotion, eye-movements, posture, and chewing that contain both the direct pathway to release a motor program and the indirect pathway to inhibit competing behaviours. The phasic dopamine input serves value-based decisions and motor learning. During vertebrate evolution with a progressively more diverse motor behaviour, the number of modules will have increased progressively. These new modules with a similar design will be used to control newly developed patterns of behaviour - a process referred to as exaptation."

	* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''{{#pmid:20558153\|PMID20558153}}		* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''{{#pmid:20558153\|PMID20558153}}
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
	! More recent papers		! More recent papers
	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}
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	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Development ''Basal Ganglia Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Embryology ''Basal Ganglia Embryology'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Development ''Basal Ganglia Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Embryology ''Basal Ganglia Embryology'']

			\|}
			{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
			! Older papers
			\|-
			\| {{Older papers}}
	\|}		\|}
	== Development Overview ==		== Development Overview ==

Z8600021 at 01:24, 17 Ocak 2020

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	* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''~~<ref><pubmed>~~20558153~~</pubmed></ref>~~		* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''{{#pmid:20558153\|PMID20558153}}
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Embryology ''Basal Ganglia Embryology'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Development ''Basal Ganglia Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Embryology ''Basal Ganglia Embryology'']

	~~<pubmed limit=5>Basal Ganglia Embryology</pubmed>~~
	\|}		\|}
	== Development Overview ==		== Development Overview ==

Z8600021 at 02:49, 21 Haziran 2016

2016-06-21T02:49:46Z

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	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
	[[File:Stage10_neural_sm.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Neural groove closing to neural tube, early week 4 <br>([[Carnegie_stage_10\|Stage 10]])]]		[[File:Stage10_neural_sm.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Neural groove closing to neural tube, early week 4 <br>([[Carnegie_stage_10\|Stage 10]])]]
			The basal ganglia are a group of central nervous system nuclei linked to the thalamus in the base of the brain and involved in coordination of movement.
			In the adult brain input from the motor cortex to the basal ganglia comes through the striatum (neostriatum), that consists of the caudate and putamen.

	Neural development is one of the earliest systems to begin and the last to be completed after birth. This development generates the most complex structure within the embryo and the long time period of development means in utero insult during pregnancy may have consequences to development of the nervous system.		Neural development is one of the earliest systems to begin and the last to be completed after birth. This development generates the most complex structure within the embryo and the long time period of development means in utero insult during pregnancy may have consequences to development of the nervous system.

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	'''Search Pubmed:''' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=search&term=Basal%20Ganglia%20Embryology Basal Ganglia Embryology] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=search&term=Basal%20Ganglia%20Development Basal Ganglia Development]		'''Search Pubmed:''' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=search&term=Basal%20Ganglia%20Embryology Basal Ganglia Embryology] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=search&term=Basal%20Ganglia%20Development Basal Ganglia Development]

			==External Links==
			{{External Links}}

			* University of Wisconsin–Madison [http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/coursebook/motor2.pdf Basal Ganglia]


	{{~~Template:~~Glossary}}		{{Glossary}}


	{{~~Template:~~Footer}}		{{Footer}}

Z8600021 at 02:39, 21 Haziran 2016

2016-06-21T02:39:15Z

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	* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''<ref><pubmed>20558153</pubmed></ref>		* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''<ref><pubmed>20558153</pubmed></ref>
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
	! More recent papers		! More recent papers
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Z8600021 at 11:09, 11 March 2014

2014-03-11T11:09:28Z

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	<div style="background:#F5FFFA; border: 1px solid #CEF2E0; padding: 1em; margin: auto; width: 98%; float:left;"><div style="margin:0;background-color:#cef2e0;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding-left:0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.2em;">Notice - Mark Hill</div>Currently this is only a template page and is being updated (this notice removed when completed).</div>		{{Header}}

	[[File:Stage10_sem6.jpg\|right\|150px]]		[[File:Stage10_sem6.jpg\|right\|150px]]
	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
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	:{{~~Template:~~Neural Links}}		{{Neural Links}}

			{{Neural Links 2}}
	==Some Recent Findings==		==Some Recent Findings==
	{\|		{\|
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	* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''<ref><pubmed>20558153</pubmed></ref>		* '''Dynamic imaging of mammalian neural tube closure'''<ref><pubmed>20558153</pubmed></ref>
	\|}		\|}
			{\| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
			! More recent papers
			\|-
			\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

			Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basal+Ganglia+Embryology ''Basal Ganglia Embryology'']

			<pubmed limit=5>Basal Ganglia Embryology</pubmed>
			\|}
	== Development Overview ==		== Development Overview ==
	Neuralation begins at the trilaminar embryo with formation of the notochord and somites, both of which underly the ectoderm and do not contribute to the nervous system, but are involved with patterning its initial formation. The central portion of the ectoderm then forms the neural plate that folds to form the neural tube, that will eventually form the entire central nervous system.		Neuralation begins at the trilaminar embryo with formation of the notochord and somites, both of which underly the ectoderm and do not contribute to the nervous system, but are involved with patterning its initial formation. The central portion of the ectoderm then forms the neural plate that folds to form the neural tube, that will eventually form the entire central nervous system.
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	{{Template:Glossary}}		{{Template:Glossary}}


	{{Template:Footer}}		{{Template:Footer}}

S8600021: /* Reviews */

2010-11-04T03:28:56Z

Reviews

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:28, 4 November 2010
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	===Reviews===		===Reviews===
	<pubmed>19206138</pubmed>		<pubmed>19206138</pubmed>
			<pubmed>19374952</pubmed>
			<pubmed>16909031</pubmed>
			<pubmed>12724145</pubmed>
			<pubmed>12505644</pubmed>
			<pubmed>12115267</pubmed>
			<pubmed>11543954</pubmed>

	===Articles===		===Articles===

S8600021: Created page with '