Integumentary System - Eyelid Development - Revision history

Z8600021 at 03:42, 30 July 2020

2020-07-30T03:42:46Z

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	===Articles===		===Articles===
			{{#pmid:28950938}}

			{{#pmid:28284825}}

	{{#pmid:25377219}}		{{#pmid:25377219}}

Z8600021 at 03:40, 30 July 2020

2020-07-30T03:40:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:40, 30 July 2020
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	File:Gray0897.jpg\|897 Structures of the Lacrimal Gland		File:Gray0897.jpg\|897 Structures of the Lacrimal Gland
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			{{Ref-AddisonHow1921}}



	==External Links==		==External Links==

Z8600021 at 00:43, 17 December 2019

2019-12-17T00:43:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:43, 17 December 2019
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	:{{Template:Integumentary Links}}		:{{Template:Integumentary Links}}

	:{{~~Template:~~Vision Links}}		:{{Vision Links}}

	== Some Recent Findings ==		== Some Recent Findings ==

Z8600021 at 07:09, 1 April 2019

2019-04-01T07:09:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:09, 1 April 2019
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Embryology ''Eyelid Embryology''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Development ''Eyelid Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cryptophthalmia ''Cryptophthalmia'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Embryology ''Eyelid Embryology''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Development ''Eyelid Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=meibomian+gland ''meibomian gland''] \|[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cryptophthalmia ''Cryptophthalmia'']
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

Z8600021 at 07:04, 1 April 2019

2019-04-01T07:04:42Z

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	* '''Molecular biology and genetics of embryonic {{eyelid}} development'''{{#pmid:26863902\|PMID26863902}} "The embryology of the eyelid is a complex process that includes interactions between the surface ectoderm and mesenchymal tissues. In the mouse and human, the eyelids form and fuse before birth; they open prenatally in the human and postnatally in the mouse. In the mouse, cell migration is stimulated by different growth factors such as FGF10, TGF-α, Activin B, and HB-EGF. These growth factors modulate downstream BMP4 signaling, the ERK cascade, and JNK/c-JUN. Several mechanisms, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, may inhibit and regulate eyelid fusion."		* '''Molecular biology and genetics of embryonic {{eyelid}} development'''{{#pmid:26863902\|PMID26863902}} "The embryology of the eyelid is a complex process that includes interactions between the surface ectoderm and mesenchymal tissues. In the mouse and human, the eyelids form and fuse before birth; they open prenatally in the human and postnatally in the mouse. In the mouse, cell migration is stimulated by different growth factors such as FGF10, TGF-α, Activin B, and HB-EGF. These growth factors modulate downstream BMP4 signaling, the ERK cascade, and JNK/c-JUN. Several mechanisms, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, may inhibit and regulate eyelid fusion."

	* '''Glucocorticoid receptor antagonizes EGFR function to regulate eyelid development'''{{#pmid:21136383\|PMID21136383}} "Eyelid formation constitutes a useful model to study epithelial development, as it requires coordinated regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis and migration. ...Our data demonstrate that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) deficiency results in delayed and impaired eyelid closure, as illustrated by increased keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis along with impaired differentiation in GR(-/-) eyelid epithelial cells."
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Embryology ''Eyelid Embryology''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Development ''Eyelid Development'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Embryology ''Eyelid Embryology''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Eyelid+Development ''Eyelid Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cryptophthalmia ''Cryptophthalmia'']

	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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	\|-		\|-
	\| {{Older papers}}		\| {{Older papers}}
			* '''Glucocorticoid receptor antagonizes EGFR function to regulate eyelid development'''{{#pmid:21136383\|PMID21136383}} "Eyelid formation constitutes a useful model to study epithelial development, as it requires coordinated regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis and migration. ...Our data demonstrate that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) deficiency results in delayed and impaired eyelid closure, as illustrated by increased keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis along with impaired differentiation in GR(-/-) eyelid epithelial cells."

	* '''HB-EGF promotes epithelial cell migration in eyelid development'''{{#pmid:16141218\|PMID16141218}} "Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that binds to and activates the EGF receptor (EGFR) and ERBB4. ...These results indicate that soluble HB-EGF secreted from the tip of the leading edge activates the EGFR and ERK pathway, and that synergy with TGFalpha is required for leading edge extension in epithelial sheet migration during eyelid closure."		* '''HB-EGF promotes epithelial cell migration in eyelid development'''{{#pmid:16141218\|PMID16141218}} "Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that binds to and activates the EGF receptor (EGFR) and ERBB4. ...These results indicate that soluble HB-EGF secreted from the tip of the leading edge activates the EGFR and ERK pathway, and that synergy with TGFalpha is required for leading edge extension in epithelial sheet migration during eyelid closure."

Z8600021 at 07:02, 1 April 2019

2019-04-01T07:02:57Z

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	==Abnormalities==		==Abnormalities==
			{\|
			\|-bgcolor="FFCC00"
			! {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}541009954 LA14.0 Structural developmental anomalies of eyelids]
			\|-bgcolor="FEF9E7"
			\|
			{{ICD11weblink}}684436925 LA14.00 Palpebral cleft or coloboma]

			{{ICD11weblink}}740223582 LA14.01 Cryptophthalmia] - ''isolated cryptophtalmia is a congenital abnormality in which the eyelids are absent and skin covers the ocular bulb, which is often microphthalmic.''

			{{ICD11weblink}}1290880184 LA14.02 Congenital entropion] - ''the eyelid (usually the lower lid) folds inward. It is very uncomfortable, as the eyelashes constantly rub against the cornea and irritate it. Entropion is usually caused by genetic factors and very rarely it may be congenital when an extra fold of skin grows with the lower eyelid (epiblepharon).''

			{{ICD11weblink}}945558601 LA14.03 Congenital ectropion] - ''the lower eyelid turns outwards. It is one of the notable aspects of newborns exhibiting congenital Harlequin-type ichthyosis, but ectropion can occur due to any weakening of tissue of the lower eyelid.''

			{{ICD11weblink}}1561844189 LA14.04 Congenital ptosis] - ''Congenital ptosis is characterised by superior eyelid drop present at birth.''

			{{ICD11weblink}}11235593 LA14.05 Congenital eyelid retraction]

			{{ICD11weblink}}348731277 LA14.06 Epibulbar choristoma]

			{{ICD11weblink}}1002292151 LA14.07 Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum] - ''Isolated ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum is characterised by the presence of single or multiple thin bands of connective tissue between the upper and lower eyelids, preventing full opening of the eye.''
			\|}

	~~Congenital upper eyelid ectopic cilia~~

	== References ==		== References ==

Z8600021 at 12:00, 8 Ocak 2019

2019-01-08T12:00:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:00, 8 Ocak 2019
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			{{Header}}
	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==
	The {{eyelids}} represent integumentary specialisations that cover and protect the eye cornea.		The {{eyelids}} represent integumentary specialisations that cover and protect the eye cornea.

Z8600021 at 11:59, 8 Ocak 2019

2019-01-08T11:59:52Z

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			* '''Review - Embryologic and Fetal Development of the Human Eyelid'''{{#pmid:27124372\|PMID27124372}} "To review the recent data about eyelid morphogenesis, and outline a timeline for eyelid development from the very early stages during embryonic life till final maturation of the eyelid late in fetal life. METHODS: The authors extensively review major studies detailing human embryologic and fetal eyelid morphogenesis. These studies span almost a century and include some more recent cadaver studies. Numerous studies in the murine model have helped to better understand the molecular signals that govern eyelid embryogenesis. The authors summarize the current findings in molecular biology, and highlight the most significant studies in mice regarding the multiple and interacting signaling pathways involved in regulating normal eyelid morphogenesis. RESULTS: Eyelid morphogenesis involves a succession of subtle yet strictly regulated morphogenetic episodes of tissue folding, proliferation, contraction, and even migration, which may occur simultaneously or in succession."

	* '''Molecular biology and genetics of embryonic {{eyelid}} development'''{{#pmid:26863902\|PMID26863902}} "The embryology of the eyelid is a complex process that includes interactions between the surface ectoderm and mesenchymal tissues. In the mouse and human, the eyelids form and fuse before birth; they open prenatally in the human and postnatally in the mouse. In the mouse, cell migration is stimulated by different growth factors such as FGF10, TGF-α, Activin B, and HB-EGF. These growth factors modulate downstream BMP4 signaling, the ERK cascade, and JNK/c-JUN. Several mechanisms, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, may inhibit and regulate eyelid fusion."		* '''Molecular biology and genetics of embryonic {{eyelid}} development'''{{#pmid:26863902\|PMID26863902}} "The embryology of the eyelid is a complex process that includes interactions between the surface ectoderm and mesenchymal tissues. In the mouse and human, the eyelids form and fuse before birth; they open prenatally in the human and postnatally in the mouse. In the mouse, cell migration is stimulated by different growth factors such as FGF10, TGF-α, Activin B, and HB-EGF. These growth factors modulate downstream BMP4 signaling, the ERK cascade, and JNK/c-JUN. Several mechanisms, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, may inhibit and regulate eyelid fusion."

Z8600021 at 11:48, 8 Ocak 2019

2019-01-08T11:48:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:48, 8 Ocak 2019
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	File:Gray0897.jpg\|897 Structures of the Lacrimal Gland		File:Gray0897.jpg\|897 Structures of the Lacrimal Gland
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			==External Links==
			{{External Links}}

			* [https://www.best.edu.au/s/share?url=ckjlb65f%2Fwfuc4g5f&data=8%401!9%4027360!10%40-12267&version=1 Histology - Adult Eyelid]


	{{Glossary}}		{{Glossary}}

Z8600021 at 07:44, 8 Ocak 2019

2019-01-08T07:44:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:44, 8 Ocak 2019
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	== Introduction ==		== Introduction ==
			The {{eyelids}} represent integumentary specialisations that cover and protect the eye cornea.

	Note that some species, such as rodents, are born with closed eyelids.		Note that some species, such as rodents, are born with closed eyelids.
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	\|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"		\|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"
	\|		\|
	* '''Molecular biology and genetics of embryonic eyelid development'''{{#pmid:26863902\|PMID26863902}} "The embryology of the eyelid is a complex process that includes interactions between the surface ectoderm and mesenchymal tissues. In the mouse and human, the eyelids form and fuse before birth; they open prenatally in the human and postnatally in the mouse. In the mouse, cell migration is stimulated by different growth factors such as FGF10, TGF-α, Activin B, and HB-EGF. These growth factors modulate downstream BMP4 signaling, the ERK cascade, and JNK/c-JUN. Several mechanisms, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, may inhibit and regulate eyelid fusion."		* '''Molecular biology and genetics of embryonic {{eyelid}} development'''{{#pmid:26863902\|PMID26863902}} "The embryology of the eyelid is a complex process that includes interactions between the surface ectoderm and mesenchymal tissues. In the mouse and human, the eyelids form and fuse before birth; they open prenatally in the human and postnatally in the mouse. In the mouse, cell migration is stimulated by different growth factors such as FGF10, TGF-α, Activin B, and HB-EGF. These growth factors modulate downstream BMP4 signaling, the ERK cascade, and JNK/c-JUN. Several mechanisms, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, may inhibit and regulate eyelid fusion."

	* '''Glucocorticoid receptor antagonizes EGFR function to regulate eyelid development'''{{#pmid:21136383\|PMID21136383}} "Eyelid formation constitutes a useful model to study epithelial development, as it requires coordinated regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis and migration. ...Our data demonstrate that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) deficiency results in delayed and impaired eyelid closure, as illustrated by increased keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis along with impaired differentiation in GR(-/-) eyelid epithelial cells."		* '''Glucocorticoid receptor antagonizes EGFR function to regulate eyelid development'''{{#pmid:21136383\|PMID21136383}} "Eyelid formation constitutes a useful model to study epithelial development, as it requires coordinated regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis and migration. ...Our data demonstrate that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) deficiency results in delayed and impaired eyelid closure, as illustrated by increased keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis along with impaired differentiation in GR(-/-) eyelid epithelial cells."
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	{\|		{\|
	\| width=~~310px~~\|{{SlideStage22-08}}		\| width=280px\|{{SlideStage22-08}}
	\| width=~~310px~~\|{{SlideStage22-08-eye}}		\| width=280px\|{{SlideStage22-08-eye}}
	\| width=~~310px~~\|Virtual Slide - Regions of Interest		\| width=200px\|Virtual Slide - Regions of Interest

	* [http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/Slides/Embryo_Stages/Stage22/08-eye/Stage22-08-eye.html?zoom=3&lat=-3544&lon=4688&layers=B Eye Overview]		* [http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/Slides/Embryo_Stages/Stage22/08-eye/Stage22-08-eye.html?zoom=3&lat=-3544&lon=4688&layers=B Eye Overview]