Implantation - Revision history

Z8600021 at 22:48, 9 Haziran 2020

2020-06-09T22:48:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:48, 10 Haziran 2020
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			* '''A hypoxia-induced Rab pathway regulates embryo implantation by controlled trafficking of secretory granules'''
			[https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/06/05/2000810117 PNAS] "In many mammalian species, embryo implantation and processes of early pregnancy occur in a hypoxic environment. However, the mechanisms underlying maternal adaptation to hypoxia during early pregnancy remain unclear. This work has uncovered an important mechanism in mammalian reproduction and development by identifying maternal secretory granules that mediate molecular dialogue between the maternal tissue compartments during early pregnancy. This dialogue, which is the molecular basis of adaptation to hypoxia, is critical for embryo implantation and establishment of pregnancy."

	* '''N-glycosylation of uterine endometrium determines its receptivity'''{{#pmid:31276203\|PMID31276203}} "Glycosylation alters the molecular and functional features of glycoproteins, which is closely related with many physiological processes and diseases. During "window of implantation", uterine endometrium transforms into a receptive status to accept the embryo, thereby establishing successful embryo implantation. In this article, we aimed at investigating the role of N-glycosylation, a major modification type of glycoproteins, in the process of endometrial receptivity establishment. Results found that human uterine endometrial tissues at mid-secretory phase exhibited Lectin PHA-E+L (recognizes the branched N-glycans) positive N-glycans as measured by the Lectin fluorescent staining analysis. By utilizing in vitro implantation model, we found that de-N-glycosylation of human endometrial Ishikawa and RL95-2 cells by tunicamycin (inhibitor of N-glycosylation) and peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) impaired their receptive ability to human trophoblastic JAR cells. Meanwhile, N-glycosylation of integrin αvβ3 and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) are found to play key roles in regulating the ECM-dependent FAK/Paxillin and LIF-induced STAT3 signaling pathways, respectively, thus affecting the receptive potentials of endometrial cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments and primary mouse endometrial cells-embryos coculture model further verified that N-glycosylation of mouse endometrial cells contributed to the successful implantation. Our results provide new evidence to show that N-glycosylation of uterine endometrium is essential for maintaining the receptive functions, which gives a better understanding of the glycobiology of implantation."		* '''N-glycosylation of uterine endometrium determines its receptivity'''{{#pmid:31276203\|PMID31276203}} "Glycosylation alters the molecular and functional features of glycoproteins, which is closely related with many physiological processes and diseases. During "window of implantation", uterine endometrium transforms into a receptive status to accept the embryo, thereby establishing successful embryo implantation. In this article, we aimed at investigating the role of N-glycosylation, a major modification type of glycoproteins, in the process of endometrial receptivity establishment. Results found that human uterine endometrial tissues at mid-secretory phase exhibited Lectin PHA-E+L (recognizes the branched N-glycans) positive N-glycans as measured by the Lectin fluorescent staining analysis. By utilizing in vitro implantation model, we found that de-N-glycosylation of human endometrial Ishikawa and RL95-2 cells by tunicamycin (inhibitor of N-glycosylation) and peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) impaired their receptive ability to human trophoblastic JAR cells. Meanwhile, N-glycosylation of integrin αvβ3 and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) are found to play key roles in regulating the ECM-dependent FAK/Paxillin and LIF-induced STAT3 signaling pathways, respectively, thus affecting the receptive potentials of endometrial cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments and primary mouse endometrial cells-embryos coculture model further verified that N-glycosylation of mouse endometrial cells contributed to the successful implantation. Our results provide new evidence to show that N-glycosylation of uterine endometrium is essential for maintaining the receptive functions, which gives a better understanding of the glycobiology of implantation."

Z8600021 at 23:32, 2 December 2019

2019-12-02T23:32:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:32, 3 December 2019
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			* '''N-glycosylation of uterine endometrium determines its receptivity'''{{#pmid:31276203\|PMID31276203}} "Glycosylation alters the molecular and functional features of glycoproteins, which is closely related with many physiological processes and diseases. During "window of implantation", uterine endometrium transforms into a receptive status to accept the embryo, thereby establishing successful embryo implantation. In this article, we aimed at investigating the role of N-glycosylation, a major modification type of glycoproteins, in the process of endometrial receptivity establishment. Results found that human uterine endometrial tissues at mid-secretory phase exhibited Lectin PHA-E+L (recognizes the branched N-glycans) positive N-glycans as measured by the Lectin fluorescent staining analysis. By utilizing in vitro implantation model, we found that de-N-glycosylation of human endometrial Ishikawa and RL95-2 cells by tunicamycin (inhibitor of N-glycosylation) and peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) impaired their receptive ability to human trophoblastic JAR cells. Meanwhile, N-glycosylation of integrin αvβ3 and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) are found to play key roles in regulating the ECM-dependent FAK/Paxillin and LIF-induced STAT3 signaling pathways, respectively, thus affecting the receptive potentials of endometrial cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments and primary mouse endometrial cells-embryos coculture model further verified that N-glycosylation of mouse endometrial cells contributed to the successful implantation. Our results provide new evidence to show that N-glycosylation of uterine endometrium is essential for maintaining the receptive functions, which gives a better understanding of the glycobiology of implantation."

	* '''Dynamics of {{trophoblast}} differentiation in peri-{{implantation}}-stage human embryos'''{{#pmid:31636193\|PMID31636193}} "Single-cell RNA sequencing of cells from cultured human blastocysts has enabled us to define the transcriptomic landscape of placental trophoblast (TB) that surrounds the epiblast and associated embryonic tissues during the enigmatic day 8 (D8) to D12 peri-implantation period before the villous placenta forms. We analyzed the transcriptomes of 3 early placental cell types, cytoTB (CTB), syncytioTB (STB), and migratoryTB (MTB), picked manually from cultured embryos dissociated with trypsin and were able to follow sublineages that emerged from proliferating CTB at the periphery of the conceptus. A unique form of CTB with some features of STB was detectable at D8, while mature STB was at its zenith at D10. A form of MTB with a mixed MTB/CTB phenotype arose around D10. By D12, STB generation was in decline, CTB had entered a new phase of proliferation, and mature MTB cells had begun to move from the main body of the conceptus. Notably, the MTB transcriptome at D12 indicated enrichment of transcripts associated with IFN signaling, migration, and invasion and up-regulation of HLA-C, HLA-E, and HLA-G. The STB, which is distinct from the STB of later villous STB, had a phenotype consistent with intense protein export and placental hormone production, as well as migration and invasion. The studies show that TB associated with human embryos is in rapid developmental flux during peri-implantation period when it must invade, signal robustly to the mother to ensure that the pregnancy continues, and make first contact with the maternal immune system."		* '''Dynamics of {{trophoblast}} differentiation in peri-{{implantation}}-stage human embryos'''{{#pmid:31636193\|PMID31636193}} "Single-cell RNA sequencing of cells from cultured human blastocysts has enabled us to define the transcriptomic landscape of placental trophoblast (TB) that surrounds the epiblast and associated embryonic tissues during the enigmatic day 8 (D8) to D12 peri-implantation period before the villous placenta forms. We analyzed the transcriptomes of 3 early placental cell types, cytoTB (CTB), syncytioTB (STB), and migratoryTB (MTB), picked manually from cultured embryos dissociated with trypsin and were able to follow sublineages that emerged from proliferating CTB at the periphery of the conceptus. A unique form of CTB with some features of STB was detectable at D8, while mature STB was at its zenith at D10. A form of MTB with a mixed MTB/CTB phenotype arose around D10. By D12, STB generation was in decline, CTB had entered a new phase of proliferation, and mature MTB cells had begun to move from the main body of the conceptus. Notably, the MTB transcriptome at D12 indicated enrichment of transcripts associated with IFN signaling, migration, and invasion and up-regulation of HLA-C, HLA-E, and HLA-G. The STB, which is distinct from the STB of later villous STB, had a phenotype consistent with intense protein export and placental hormone production, as well as migration and invasion. The studies show that TB associated with human embryos is in rapid developmental flux during peri-implantation period when it must invade, signal robustly to the mother to ensure that the pregnancy continues, and make first contact with the maternal immune system."
	\|}		\|}

Z8600021 at 23:05, 19 November 2019

2019-11-19T23:05:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:05, 20 November 2019
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	* '''~~Embryo~~ {{implantation}} ~~evolved from an ancestral inflammatory attachment reaction~~'''{{#pmid:~~28747528~~\|~~PMID28747528~~}} "~~The molecular changes~~ that ~~support~~ implantation ~~in eutherian mammals are necessary to establish pregnancy~~. ~~In marsupials~~, ~~pregnancy is relatively short~~, and ~~although a placenta does~~ form, ~~it is present for only~~ a ~~few days before parturition~~. ~~However~~, ~~morphological changes~~ in the ~~uterus~~ of ~~marsupials~~ at ~~term mimic those that occur during implantation in humans~~ and ~~mice. We investigated the molecular similarity between term pregnancy in the marsupials~~ and ~~implantation in eutherian mammals using the gray short~~-~~tailed {{opossum}} (Monodelphis domestica) as a model. ...We demonstrate that key markers~~ of ~~implantation~~, ~~including Heparin binding EGF~~-~~like growth factor and Mucin 1~~, ~~exhibit expression~~ and ~~localization profiles consistent with the pattern observed during implantation in eutherian mammals~~. ~~Finally~~, ~~we show that there are transcriptome-wide similarities between~~ the ~~opossum attachment reaction~~ and ~~implantation in rabbits~~ and ~~humans~~. ~~Our data suggest~~ that ~~the implantation reaction that occurs in eutherians~~ is ~~derived from an attachment reaction~~ in ~~the ancestral therian mammal which~~, in the ~~opossum, leads directly~~ to ~~parturition. Finally, we argue~~ that the ~~ability to shift from an inflammatory attachment reaction to a noninflammatory period of~~ pregnancy ~~was a key innovation in eutherian mammals that allowed an extended period of intimate placentation~~." ~~{{opossum}}~~		* '''Dynamics of {{trophoblast}} differentiation in peri-{{implantation}}-stage human embryos'''{{#pmid:31636193\|PMID31636193}} "Single-cell RNA sequencing of cells from cultured human blastocysts has enabled us to define the transcriptomic landscape of placental trophoblast (TB) that surrounds the epiblast and associated embryonic tissues during the enigmatic day 8 (D8) to D12 peri-implantation period before the villous placenta forms. We analyzed the transcriptomes of 3 early placental cell types, cytoTB (CTB), syncytioTB (STB), and migratoryTB (MTB), picked manually from cultured embryos dissociated with trypsin and were able to follow sublineages that emerged from proliferating CTB at the periphery of the conceptus. A unique form of CTB with some features of STB was detectable at D8, while mature STB was at its zenith at D10. A form of MTB with a mixed MTB/CTB phenotype arose around D10. By D12, STB generation was in decline, CTB had entered a new phase of proliferation, and mature MTB cells had begun to move from the main body of the conceptus. Notably, the MTB transcriptome at D12 indicated enrichment of transcripts associated with IFN signaling, migration, and invasion and up-regulation of HLA-C, HLA-E, and HLA-G. The STB, which is distinct from the STB of later villous STB, had a phenotype consistent with intense protein export and placental hormone production, as well as migration and invasion. The studies show that TB associated with human embryos is in rapid developmental flux during peri-implantation period when it must invade, signal robustly to the mother to ensure that the pregnancy continues, and make first contact with the maternal immune system."
	\|}		\|}
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	! Older papers		! Older papers
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\| {{Older papers}}
			* '''Embryo {{implantation}} evolved from an ancestral inflammatory attachment reaction'''{{#pmid:28747528\|PMID28747528}} "The molecular changes that support implantation in eutherian mammals are necessary to establish pregnancy. In marsupials, pregnancy is relatively short, and although a placenta does form, it is present for only a few days before parturition. However, morphological changes in the uterus of marsupials at term mimic those that occur during implantation in humans and mice. We investigated the molecular similarity between term pregnancy in the marsupials and implantation in eutherian mammals using the gray short-tailed {{opossum}} (Monodelphis domestica) as a model. ...We demonstrate that key markers of implantation, including Heparin binding EGF-like growth factor and Mucin 1, exhibit expression and localization profiles consistent with the pattern observed during implantation in eutherian mammals. Finally, we show that there are transcriptome-wide similarities between the opossum attachment reaction and implantation in rabbits and humans. Our data suggest that the implantation reaction that occurs in eutherians is derived from an attachment reaction in the ancestral therian mammal which, in the opossum, leads directly to parturition. Finally, we argue that the ability to shift from an inflammatory attachment reaction to a noninflammatory period of pregnancy was a key innovation in eutherian mammals that allowed an extended period of intimate placentation." {{opossum}}

	* '''Where and when should natural killer cells be tested in women with repeated implantation failure?'''{{#pmid:25708533\|PMID25708533}} "Thirty-two of the 73 patients were considered to have idiopathic repeated implantation failure (RIF), and 17 fertile women with children were taken as controls. Immunohistochemical staining for endometrial CD56+ and blood CD56+ or CD16+ NK cells measured using flow cytometry were compared during the mid-luteal phase in both patients and controls. Seventeen out of the 32 patients with idiopathic RIF and only one of the controls had >250 CD56 cells per high power field 400× in endometrial biopsy (p<0.001). The percentage of blood NK cells out of the total lymphocyte population was higher in women with idiopathic RIF than in controls. There was a positive correlation between blood and endometrial CD56 cells (ρ=0.707; p<0.001). No significant differences were found between patients with other types of RIF and controls. This study suggested that testing for NK cells might be useful in women with idiopathic RIF during the mid-luteal phase."		* '''Where and when should natural killer cells be tested in women with repeated implantation failure?'''{{#pmid:25708533\|PMID25708533}} "Thirty-two of the 73 patients were considered to have idiopathic repeated implantation failure (RIF), and 17 fertile women with children were taken as controls. Immunohistochemical staining for endometrial CD56+ and blood CD56+ or CD16+ NK cells measured using flow cytometry were compared during the mid-luteal phase in both patients and controls. Seventeen out of the 32 patients with idiopathic RIF and only one of the controls had >250 CD56 cells per high power field 400× in endometrial biopsy (p<0.001). The percentage of blood NK cells out of the total lymphocyte population was higher in women with idiopathic RIF than in controls. There was a positive correlation between blood and endometrial CD56 cells (ρ=0.707; p<0.001). No significant differences were found between patients with other types of RIF and controls. This study suggested that testing for NK cells might be useful in women with idiopathic RIF during the mid-luteal phase."

Z8600021 at 04:58, 2 August 2019

2019-08-02T04:58:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:58, 2 August 2019
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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Embryo+Implantation ''Embryo Implantation'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Human+Embryo+Implantation ''Human+Embryo Implantation''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Embryo+Implantation ''Embryo Implantation''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ectopic+Implantation ''Ectopic Implantation''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Uterine+Implantation ''Uterine Implantation'']

	~~<pubmed limit=5>Embryo Implantation</pubmed>~~
	\|}		\|}
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Z8600021 at 04:35, 7 September 2018

2018-09-07T04:35:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:35, 7 September 2018
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	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
	[[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|alt=Image of human conceptus fully implanted\|Human conceptus fully implanted ([[Carnegie_stage_5\|Stage 5]]).]]		[[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|alt=Image of human conceptus fully implanted\|Human conceptus fully implanted ([[Carnegie_stage_5\|Stage 5]]).]]
	~~[[File:Implantation LIF.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|alt=Uterine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Expression\|Uterine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Expression{{#pmid:18046411\|PMID18046411}}]]~~

	The term "implantation" is used to describe process of attachment and invasion of the [[U#uterus\|uterus]] endometrium by the blastocyst (conceptus) in placental animals. In humans, this process begins at the end of week 1, with most successful human pregnancies the conceptus implants 8 to 10 days after ovulation, and early pregnancy loss increases with later implantation.{{#pmid:10362823\|PMID10362823}} The implantation process continues through the second week of development.		The term "implantation" is used to describe process of attachment and invasion of the [[U#uterus\|uterus]] endometrium by the blastocyst (conceptus) in placental animals. In humans, this process begins at the end of week 1, with most successful human pregnancies the conceptus implants 8 to 10 days after ovulation, and early pregnancy loss increases with later implantation.{{#pmid:10362823\|PMID10362823}} The implantation process continues through the second week of development.
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	{{Implantation Links}}		{{Implantation Links}}
	==Some Recent Findings==		==Some Recent Findings==
			[[File:Comparison human and opossum pregnancy.jpg\|thumb\|Human and opossum pregnancy{{#pmid:28747528\|PMID28747528}}]]
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	===Cytokines===		===Cytokines===

	In mice, endometrial secretion of two IL-6 family cytokines, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Interleukin-11 (IL-11), are key requirements for implantation. A recent human study suggests that there is a similar requirement for human conceptus implantation.{{#pmid:19213836\|PMID19213836}}		In mice, endometrial secretion of two IL-6 family cytokines, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Interleukin-11 (IL-11), are key requirements for implantation. A recent human study suggests that there is a similar requirement for human conceptus implantation.{{#pmid:19213836\|PMID19213836}}

Z8600021 at 04:03, 7 September 2018

2018-09-07T04:03:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:03, 7 September 2018
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	! Early Stage 5		! Early Stage 5
	! Late Stage 5		! Late Stage 5
	~~! Carnegie Embryos~~
	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Stage5_bf08.jpg\|240px]]		\| [[File:Stage5_bf08.jpg\|240px]]
	\| [[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg\|240px]]		\| [[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg\|240px]]
	~~\| {{Carnegie Collection stage 5 table}}~~
	\|}		\|}

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	{{Carnegie_stages}}		{{Carnegie_stages}}

			{{Carnegie Collection stage 5 table}}

Z8600021 at 04:01, 7 September 2018

2018-09-07T04:01:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:01, 7 September 2018
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	{\|		{\|
			\|-bgcolor="CEDFF2"
	! Early Stage 5		! Early Stage 5
	! Late Stage 5		! Late Stage 5
			! Carnegie Embryos
	\|-		\|-
	\| [[File:Stage5_bf08.jpg\|240px]]		\| [[File:Stage5_bf08.jpg\|240px]]
	\| [[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg\|240px]]		\| [[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg\|240px]]
			\| {{Carnegie Collection stage 5 table}}
	\|}		\|}

Z8600021 at 03:59, 7 September 2018

2018-09-07T03:59:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:59, 7 September 2018
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	~~:'''Links:''' [[~~Carnegie stage 5~~\|Carnegie Stage 5]]~~		{{Carnegie stage 5 links}}

	==Implantation Animation==		==Implantation Animation==

Z8600021 at 03:56, 7 September 2018

2018-09-07T03:56:48Z

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
+|
 * '''Embryo {{implantation}} evolved from an ancestral inflammatory attachment reaction'''{{#pmid:28747528|PMID28747528}} "The molecular changes that support implantation in eutherian mammals are necessary to establish pregnancy. In marsupials, pregnancy is relatively short, and although a placenta does form, it is present for only a few days before parturition. However, morphological changes in the uterus of marsupials at term mimic those that occur during implantation in humans and mice. We investigated the molecular similarity between term pregnancy in the marsupials and implantation in eutherian mammals using the gray short-tailed {{opossum}} (Monodelphis domestica) as a model. ...We demonstrate that key markers of implantation, including Heparin binding EGF-like growth factor and Mucin 1, exhibit expression and localization profiles consistent with the pattern observed during implantation in eutherian mammals. Finally, we show that there are transcriptome-wide similarities between the opossum attachment reaction and implantation in rabbits and humans. Our data suggest that the implantation reaction that occurs in eutherians is derived from an attachment reaction in the ancestral therian mammal which, in the opossum, leads directly to parturition. Finally, we argue that the ability to shift from an inflammatory attachment reaction to a noninflammatory period of pregnancy was a key innovation in eutherian mammals that allowed an extended period of intimate placentation." {{opossum}}
 * '''Where and when should natural killer cells be tested in women with repeated implantation failure?'''{{#pmid:25708533|PMID25708533}} "Thirty-two of the 73 patients were considered to have idiopathic repeated implantation failure (RIF), and 17 fertile women with children were taken as controls. Immunohistochemical staining for endometrial CD56+ and blood CD56+ or CD16+ NK cells measured using flow cytometry were compared during the mid-luteal phase in both patients and controls. Seventeen out of the 32 patients with idiopathic RIF and only one of the controls had >250 CD56 cells per high power field 400× in endometrial biopsy (p<0.001). The percentage of blood NK cells out of the total lymphocyte population was higher in women with idiopathic RIF than in controls. There was a positive correlation between blood and endometrial CD56 cells (ρ=0.707; p<0.001). No significant differences were found between patients with other types of RIF and controls. This study suggested that testing for NK cells might be useful in women with idiopathic RIF during the mid-luteal phase."
@@ Line 39: / Line 52: @@
 * '''Mouse trophoblastic cells exhibit a dominant invasiveness phenotype over cancer cells''' {{#pmid:20826050|PMID20826050}} "We investigated the interactions between trophoblasts and metastatic cancer cells and found the phenomenon that mouse trophoblastic cells invaded the monolayer of malignant cancer cells in vitro and appeared the general trait of invasiveness to more than 30 types of malignant cancer cell lines which were derived from different histological origins and with different invasive or metastatic potential."
 |}
 ==Week 1 and 2 Human Development Overview==

Z8600021 at 03:55, 7 September 2018

2018-09-07T03:55:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 7 September 2018
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	:'''Links:''' [http://omim.org/entry/300132 OMIM]		:'''Links:''' [http://omim.org/entry/300132 OMIM]

			===Mucin 1===
			Mucin 1 is a transmembrane protein expressed on the apical borders of secretory epithelial cells including the placental amnion {{#pmid:16567644\|PMID16567644}} and mammary cells.{{#pmid:1697589\|PMID1697589}}


			:'''Links:''' [https://www.omim.org/entry/158340 OMIM - Mucin 1]

	===Cytokines===		===Cytokines===
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	:'''Links:''' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/159540 OMIM - leukemia inhibitory factor] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/147681 OMIM - Interleukin-11] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/601879 OMIM - Galectin 9]		:'''Links:''' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/159540 OMIM - leukemia inhibitory factor] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/147681 OMIM - Interleukin-11] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/601879 OMIM - Galectin 9]


	==Day 8 to 9==		==Day 8 to 9==